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X-ray Optics (x-ray + optics)
Selected AbstractsA simple method for motorized alignment of Osmic confocal opticsJOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, Issue 6 2006John R. Ruble A system for the remote alignment of X-ray optics has been designed to address safety considerations related to manual optic adjustment. The described system also addresses some of the common problems associated with the alignment process, such as binding of components and the effects of external forces due to user contact that lead to irreproducibility of the process. The system as described should be applicable to most home laboratories. [source] Suite of three protein crystallography beamlines with single superconducting bend magnet as the sourceJOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION, Issue 6 2004Alastair A. MacDowell At the Advanced Light Source, three protein crystallography beamlines have been built that use as a source one of the three 6,T single-pole superconducting bending magnets (superbends) that were recently installed in the ring. The use of such single-pole superconducting bend magnets enables the development of a hard X-ray program on a relatively low-energy 1.9,GeV ring without taking up insertion-device straight sections. The source is of relatively low power but, owing to the small electron beam emittance, it has high brightness. X-ray optics are required to preserve the brightness and to match the illumination requirements for protein crystallography. This was achieved by means of a collimating premirror bent to a plane parabola, a double-crystal monochromator followed by a toroidal mirror that focuses in the horizontal direction with a 2:1 demagnification. This optical arrangement partially balances aberrations from the collimating and toroidal mirrors such that a tight focused spot size is achieved. The optical properties of the beamline are an excellent match to those required by the small protein crystals that are typically measured. The design and performance of these new beamlines are described. [source] The wet corrosion of molybdenum thin film , Part II: Behavior at 85°CMATERIALS AND CORROSION/WERKSTOFFE UND KORROSION, Issue 9 2004C. R. Tomachuk Abstract In the past few years there has been increased interest in molybdenum thin films, which are commonly prepared by magnetron sputtering. There is a variety of novel applications of molybdenum such as, for example, components for soft X-ray optics based on Mo/Si multi-layers, the back contact in thin film solar cells, NO gas detection, and microelectronics. Molybdenum is, also, widely used as an alloying addition in stainless steels to facilitate the formation of the passive film and to improve resistance to pitting attack. Its corrosion behaviour is complex and many aspects still need to be clarified. During this study, the corrosion behaviour of the PVD-Mo thin film immersed in aerated sulfate and chloride solutions at 85°C was investigated with both polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. It is apparent that the Mo thin film exhibits increased susceptibility to corrosion in more alkaline environments. [source] Analysis of SR thermal load studied by FEAPHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (A) APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE, Issue 8 2007Abstract This work deals with analysis of the thermal effects and inherent mechanical deformations under absorption of the X-ray beam heat. The work is motivated by recent research concentrated on the development of optics for high-flux synchrotron radiation sources. We present the analyses of the static thermal load effects on the surface deformation field for a monocrystalline silicon target, which is the basic material for crystal X-ray optics. The surface and bulk thermal load induces the gradient of temperature and mechanical deformations of the target that are affecting the reflection and diffraction properties of the target. The paper presents the finite-element analyses (FEA) and simulation results of mechanical deformation of flat and slotted silicon targets. The hints for improved target geometry and physical limits for an actual cooling system can be obtained from the presented analyses. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Investigation of phase contrast hard X-ray microscopy using planar sets of refractive crossed linear parabolic lenses made from SU-8 polymerPHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (A) APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE, Issue 8 2007E. Reznikova Abstract Planar X-ray refractive lenses with parabolic surface profile, and in crossed geometry to provide 2D focusing, are fabricated from SU-8 polymer using the LIGA process and deep X-ray lithography technology. A transmission X-ray microscope (TXM) using a condenser and an objective lens based on this type of X-ray optics was set up at the ESRF beamline BM 5, for photon energies of 17.1 and 18 keV. Test structures made of gold and SU-8, with different thicknesses, were imaged with this TXM using in-line phase-contrast, with X-ray magnification factors of 13,20, spatial resolution between 0.2 and 0.3 µm and exposure times around 1 s. The advantages of a TXM based on refractive SU-8 planar crossed condenser and objective and the optimisation of the optical scheme and of the condenser focusing profile are discussed. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] | ||||||||||