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Writhing Test (writhing + test)
Selected AbstractsAntipyretic and analgesic activities of Caesalpinia bonducella seed kernel extractPHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 5 2005P. Archana Abstract Ethanolic extract (70%) of Caesalpinia bonducella seed kernel has been subjected for its antipyretic and antinociceptive activities in adult albino rats or mice of either sex at 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg orally. The extract demonstrated marked antipyretic activity against Brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia in rats. The extract had significant central analgesic activity in hot plate and tail flick methods. It also exhibited marked peripheral analgesic effect in both acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice and Randall-Selitto assay in rats. It also significantly inhibited the formalin-induced hind paw licking in mice. In conclusion, the present study suggests that the ethanolic extract of Caesalpinia bonducella seed kernel possesses potent antipyretic and antinociceptive activities and thus, validates its use in the treatment of pain and pyretic disorders. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Effect of Rosmarinus of,cinalis L. aerial parts extract on morphine withdrawal syndrome in micePHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 8 2003Hossein Hosseinzadeh Abstract The effect the aqueous and ethanol extracts of Rosmarinus of,cinalis L. aerial parts on morphine withdrawal syndrome was investigated in mice. The aqueous and ethanol extracts induced a signi,cant antinociceptive activity in the writhing test. This activity was inhibited by naloxone pretreatment. Dependence was induced using subcutaneous injections of morphine daily for 3 days. On day 4, morphine was injected 2 h prior to the intraperitoneal injection of naloxone. The number of jumps during the 30 min period after naloxone injection was considered as a measure of the withdrawal syndrome. The results indicated that the aqueous (1.68 g/kg and 2.4 g/kg, i.p.) and ethanol (0.96 g/kg, i.p.) extracts reduced the number of jumps. Phytochemical study indicated that only the aqueous extract of R. of,cinalis has an alkaloid component. It is concluded that the aqueous and ethanol extracts of R. of,cinalis aerial parts could diminish morphine withdrawal syndrome. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Bioactivity studies on ,-sitosterol and its glucosidePHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 5 2002Irene M. Villaseñor Abstract ,-Sitosterol and ,-sitosteryl-,- D -glucoside were isolated as analgesic constituents from the leaves of Mentha cordifolia Opiz. The acetic acid-induced writhing test showed that ,-sitosterol and ,-sitosteryl-,- D -glucoside decreased the number of squirms induced by acetic acid by 70.0% and 73.0%, respectively, at a dose of 100,mg /,kg mouse. Statistical analysis using the Kruskall Wallis one-way analysis of variance by ranks showed that these isolates approximate the analgesic activity of mefenamic acid at a 0.001 level of significance. The hot plate method confirmed their analgesic activities, as ,-sitosterol and ,-sitosteryl-,- D -glucoside exhibited a 300% and 157% increase in pain tolerance, respectively, while mefenamic acid, a known analgesic, showed a 171% increase. Neither isolate exhibited antiinflammatory activity using the carrageenan-induced mouse paw oedema assay. ,-Sitosterol also exhibited anthelminthic and antimutagenic activities. In vitro tests using live Ascaris suum as test animals showed that the behaviour of worms treated with ,-sitosterol approximated that of the positive controls, Combantrin and Antiox. An in vivo micronucleus test showed that ,-sitosterol inhibited the mutagenicity of tetracycline by 65.3% at a dose of 0.5,mg /kg mouse. At the same dose, it did not exhibit chromosome-breaking activity. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Analgesic and antiinflammatory properties of Sideritis lotsyi var. MascaensisPHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 3 2002Margarita Hernández-Pérez Abstract The antiinflammatory, analgesic and antimicrobial activities of crude ethanol extracts of Sideritis lotsyi var. mascaensis (Lamiaceae), and chloroform and aqueous fractions were evaluated in mice using paw and ear oedema induced by carrageenan and 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-acetate (TPA), respectively, as inflammation models, the writhing test induced by acetic acid for evaluating analgesic activity and the disk-diffusion method for testing antimicrobial actions. The results obtained demonstrated significant topical antiinflammatory and analgesic activities for the ethanol extract and chloroform fraction, but no relevant antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms tested. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Antinociceptive Activity of a New Benzofuranone Derived from a ChalconeBASIC AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY, Issue 4 2009Pâmela Padaratz The aim of this work was the synthesis of a new benzofuranone compound and evaluation of its antinociceptive potential in mice. The new benzofuranone 4 was synthesized from chalcone 3. The antinociceptive activity of 4 was determined by writhing, formalin, capsaicin, and glutamate and hot-plate tests. Compound 4 caused potent and dose-related inhibition against the writhing test with ID50 6.1 (5.1,7.6) ,mol/kg, i.p., being about 15 times more active than the reference drugs, acetyl salicylic acid and acetaminophen. It was also effective in a dose-dependent manner in significantly reducing the painful stimulus in both phases of formalin, in the capsaicin and in the glutamate test with ID50 values of 27.3 (24.5,30.6) and 18.9 (18.5,19.4) ,mol/kg (first and second phase), 12.6 (9.8,16.2) and 24.5 (20.4,29.6) ,mol/kg respectively. The results showed that the studied compound exhibits both central and peripheral antinociceptive activities and might be further used as a model to obtain new and more potent analgesic drugs. [source] Analgesic and antiinflammatory activity of Cyclamen repandum S. et S.PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 7 2007E. Speroni Abstract According to folk medicine some species belonging to the genus Cyclamen were used for their biological activities. Early investigation of the different species of the genus resulted in the isolation of triterpenic saponins. No phytochemical and biological data are available on C. repandum. As part of a series of phytochemical investigations for bioactive compounds from medicinal plants, Cyclamen repandum S. et S. was investigated. The present study sought to find the antiinflammatory and antinociceptive activities of C. repandum tubers in rats and mice. A preliminary screening was conducted with three different extracts in the tests used, particularly the paw edema and the writhing tests. Subsequently some saponins isolated from the ME extract, the more effective one, have been identified. This paper also describes the results of fractionation and bioassay guided chemical studies. Chemical investigation of the active extract afforded the isolation and characterization of six triterpenic saponins. The possible antiinflammatory and analgesic properties were investigated as the saponin content of the fractions allows to speculate on such aspect. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of N -(Dimethylamino)ethyl Derivatives of Benzo- and PyridopyridazinonesARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 1 2009Wanda Pakulska Abstract New N -(dimethylamino)ethyl derivatives of phthalazinones and pyridopyridazinones 7, 9 were synthesized and assayed as potential analgesic agents in the hot-plate, tail-flick, and writhing tests. Pharmacological assay demonstrated that eight (in ten) of the newly synthesized compounds showed antinociceptive activity. Especially, 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-4-phenyl-2H -phthalazin-1-one 7a showed remarkably higher antinociceptive activity in all tests. This is connected with influence on supraspinal, spinal, and peripheral structures. The decreased sensitivity to the pain stimulus in the hot-plate was higher than that of metamizole. [source] | ||||||||||