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World Distribution (world + distribution)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	75%

Selected Abstracts

Sponges boring into precious corals: an overview with description of a new species of Alectona (Demospongiae, Alectonidae) and a worldwide identification key for the genus

MARINE ECOLOGY, Issue 2 2008
Barbara Calcinai
Abstract Precious corals represent peculiar substrata for several species of boring sponges that exploit their carbonatic scleraxis, strongly decreasing their commercial value. Here we describe a new species of the genus Alectona from Japan recorded in a colony of Paracorallium japonicum (Kishinouye, 1903). The spicular complement of the new species consists of diactinal spicules covered by mushroom-like tubercles, often modified into styloid forms, and fusiform amphiasters with two or sometimes four verticils, each generally made up of six short tubercled rays. A complete survey of the literature on boring sponges recorded in precious corals in the Mediterranean Sea and Pacific Ocean indicates that the species of the family Alectonidae are the most strictly associated to this kind of substratum. Their world distribution, in fact, partially or totally overlap that of their coral hosts. [source]

CO-EVOLUTION OF THE ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY: POLICY INTERACTIONS ACROSS THE PACIFIC

PACIFIC ECONOMIC REVIEW, Issue 4 2007
An-Chi Tung
From the world distribution of the major IT producing and using firms, and the fabrication and trading network, the prominence of the Pacific Rim nexus stands out. The comparative advantages and trade gains of individual economies are decided by the impact of the institutional and policy matrix. In turn, their competing yet complementary relations give policy analysis a historical perspective. The policy performance interplay yields new insight into both how the world stands, and what the national policy should be, other things being given. [source]

TRUE WORLD INCOME DISTRIBUTION, 1988 AND 1993: FIRST CALCULATION BASED ON HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS ALONE

THE ECONOMIC JOURNAL, Issue 476 2002
Branko Milanovic
The paper derives world income or expenditure distribution of individuals for 1988 and 1993. It is the first paper to calculate world distribution for individuals based entirely on household surveys from 91 countries, and adjusted for differences in purchasing power parity between countries. Measured by the Gini index, inequality increased from 63 in 1988 to 66 in 1993. The increase was driven more by differences in mean incomes between countries than by inequalities within countries. The most important contributors were rising urban-rural differences in China, and slow growth of rural incomes in South Asia compared to several large developed economies. [source]

Innis Lecture: Explorations in medium-run macroeconomics

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, Issue 4 2005
Paul Beaudry
This area of research has emerged over the last decade as a new and distinct field of enquiry. In this paper, I overview a set of personal attempts aimed at understanding certain medium-run phenomena such as: changes in the wage structure, changes in the world distribution of income-per-capita, and changes in growth patterns across OECD countries. The goal of the paper is to extract general lessons from these experiences. In particular, I will discuss why models of endogenous technological choice may be a good starting point for studying medium-run phenomena. JEL classification: E00, O00 Explorations du monde macroéconomique à moyen terme., La macroéconomie à moyen terme s'attache aux phénomènes économiques agrégés qui se manifestent sur des périodes de 10 à 25 ans. Ce champ de recherche a émergé au cours de la dernière décennie en tant que chantier nouveau et distinct. Dans ce texte, je fais le tour d'un ensemble de tentatives personnelles pour comprendre certains phénomènes de moyen terme comme les changements dans les structures de salaires, les changements dans la distribution des revenus per capita dans le monde, et les changements dans les patterns de croissance à travers les pays de l'OCDE. L'objectif de ce mémoire est d'extraire certaines leçons générales de ces expériences. En particulier, on discute des raisons pour lesquelles les modèles de choix technologiques endogènes constituent un bon point de départ pour l'étude des phénomènes de moyen terme. [source]