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Work Status (work + status)
Selected AbstractsWork status and organizational citizenship behavior: a field study of restaurant employeesJOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR, Issue 5 2001Christina L. Stamper This survey-based field study of 257 service employees developed and tested a model of differences in the organizational citizenship behavior of full-time and part-time employees based on social exchange theory. Questionnaire data from matched pairs of employees and their supervisors demonstrated that part-time employees exhibited less helping organizational citizenship behavior than full-time employees, but there was no difference in their voice behavior. We also predicted that both preferred work status (an individual factor) and organizational culture (a contextual factor) would moderate the relationships between work status and citizenship. For helping, results demonstrated that preferred status mattered more to part-time workers than to full-time. For voice, preferred work status was equally important to part-time and full-time workers, such that voice was high only when actual status matched preferred status. Contrary to our expectations, work status made more of a difference in both helping and voice in less bureaucratic organizations. We discuss the implications of work status for social exchange relationships, differences in the social exchange costs and benefits of helping compared to voice, and ramifications of our findings for future research. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Caring for mom and neglecting yourself?HEALTH ECONOMICS, Issue 9 2009The health effects of caring for an elderly parent Abstract We examine the physical and mental health effects of providing care to an elderly mother on the adult child caregiver. We address the endogeneity of the selection in and out of caregiving using an instrumental variable approach, using the death of the care recipient and sibling characteristics. We also carefully control for baseline health and work status of the adult child. We explore flexible specifications, such as Arellano,Bond estimation techniques. Continued caregiving over time increases depressive symptoms and decreases self-rated health for married women and married men. In addition, the increase in depressive symptoms is persistent for married women. While depressive symptoms for single men and women are not affected by continued caregiving, there is evidence of increased incidence of heart conditions for single men, and that these effects are persistent. Robustness checks indicate that these health changes can be directly attributable to caregiving behavior, and not due to a direct effect of the death of the mother. The initial onset of caregiving has modest immediate negative effects on depressive symptoms for married women and no immediate effects on physical health. Negative physical health effects emerge 2 years later, however, suggesting that there are delayed effects on health that would be missed with a short recall period. Initial caregiving does not affect health of married men. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Job displacement and stress-related health outcomesHEALTH ECONOMICS, Issue 10 2006Martin Browning Abstract We investigate whether job loss as the result of displacement causes hospitalization for stress-related diseases which are widely thought to be associated with unemployment. In doing this, we use much better data than any previous investigators. Our data are a random 10% sample of the male population of Denmark for the years 1981,1999 with full records on demographics, health and work status for each person, and with a link from every working person to a plant. We use the method of ,matching on observables' to estimate the counter-factual of what would have happened to the health of a particular group of displaced workers if they had not in fact been displaced. Our results indicate unequivocally that being displaced in Denmark does not cause hospitalization for stress-related disease. An analysis of the power of our test suggests that even though we are looking for a relatively rare outcome, our data set is large enough to show even quite small an effect if there were any. Supplementary analyses do not show any causal link from displacement or unemployment to our health outcomes for particular groups that might be thought to be more susceptible. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Effectiveness of a prenatal education programme on breastfeeding outcomes in TaiwanJOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 3 2008Shu-Shan Lin RN Aims., The objectives of this study were to design a structured prenatal education programme on breastfeeding and to evaluate the effectiveness of the programme. Indicators of effectiveness were selected based on Kirkpatrick's Training Evaluation Model, including satisfaction with the programme, breastfeeding knowledge, breastfeeding attitude, breastfeeding satisfaction, breastfeeding problems and rate of exclusive breastfeeding. Methods., This study applied a quasi-experimental design. The experimental group included 46 women who received a 90-minute group educational programme on breastfeeding during their 20th,36th week of pregnancy. Each experimental subject was matched by a control subject according to age, educational level, work status and pregnancy gestational age. Control subjects did not receive any intervention. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires at preintervention, postintervention, three days postpartum and one month postpartum. Results., Satisfaction with the programme was high. The experimental group had higher scores in breastfeeding knowledge and breastfeeding attitude at three days postpartum. The experimental group showed higher breastfeeding satisfaction at three days and one month postpartum. There were no significant differences in experiencing breastfeeding problems. The rate of exclusive breastfeeding was higher for the experimental group at three days and one month postpartum, but the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion., This study demonstrated the effectiveness of a prenatal education programme on maternal knowledge, attitude and satisfaction toward breastfeeding. Relevance to clinical practice., Other hospitals could apply this model to plan and evaluate their prenatal education programme on breastfeeding. [source] Work status and organizational citizenship behavior: a field study of restaurant employeesJOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR, Issue 5 2001Christina L. Stamper This survey-based field study of 257 service employees developed and tested a model of differences in the organizational citizenship behavior of full-time and part-time employees based on social exchange theory. Questionnaire data from matched pairs of employees and their supervisors demonstrated that part-time employees exhibited less helping organizational citizenship behavior than full-time employees, but there was no difference in their voice behavior. We also predicted that both preferred work status (an individual factor) and organizational culture (a contextual factor) would moderate the relationships between work status and citizenship. For helping, results demonstrated that preferred status mattered more to part-time workers than to full-time. For voice, preferred work status was equally important to part-time and full-time workers, such that voice was high only when actual status matched preferred status. Contrary to our expectations, work status made more of a difference in both helping and voice in less bureaucratic organizations. We discuss the implications of work status for social exchange relationships, differences in the social exchange costs and benefits of helping compared to voice, and ramifications of our findings for future research. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] QUALITY OF LIFE OF GREEK PATIENTS WITH END STAGE RENAL DISEASE UNDERGOING HAEMODIALYSISJOURNAL OF RENAL CARE, Issue 3 2010Maria Kastrouni RN SUMMARY An evaluation of the quality of life of patients with end stage kidney disease undergoing haemodialysis in the Greek population was conducted to understand whether this quality could be improved. Comparisons were made with a similar study conducted in United States in regards to the effects of kidney disease in daily life, burden of kidney disease, work status, cognitive function, quality of social interaction, sexual function, social support, physical functioning, role physical on daily routine, pain, general health perceptions, role emotional, emotional well being, social function and energy/fatigue. Any differences are discussed and analysed. Sexual problems were found to be more prominent in this study, but the emotional status has greater influence in quality of life in the US study. The results were more positive in Greece with respect to dialysis staff encouragement, patient satisfaction, as well as acceptance and the understanding of illness. The results from our study reflect the differences of the health care systems in various countries as well as population-related beliefs and values. [source] (632) Impact of Chronic Pain Patients' Job Perception Variables on Actual Return to WorkPAIN MEDICINE, Issue 2 2000Article first published online: 25 DEC 200 Authors: DA Fishbain, University of Miami School of Medicine; RB Cutler; HL Rosomoff, University of Miami School of Medicine; T. Khalil, University of Miami Comprehensive Pain and Rehabilitation Center at South Shore Hospital; R. Steele-Rosomoff, University of Miami School of Medicine Objective: To examine the impact of preinjury job perceptions on chronic pain patients' (CPPs) return to work after pain facility treatment. Design: A total of 128 CPPs completed a series or rating scales and yes/no questions relating to their preinjury job perceptions and a question relating to intent to return to the same type of preinjury job following pain facility treatment. These CPPs were part of a grant study for prediction of return to work, and therefore their work status was determined at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30 months after treatment. The preinjury job perceptions and other demographic variables were used to predict return to work. Stepwise discriminant analysis was used to predict return to work at the 1-month and final time points utilizing the above variables. Stepwise regression analysis was used to predict mean employment status (at all time points), also using the above variables. Results: For the 1-month time point, employment status was predicted by intent, educational status, work dangerous perception complaint, job stress, job physical demands, job liking, and job role conflicts. Here, 79.49% of the CPPs were correctly classified. For the final time point, employment status was predicted by the first 3 predictors for the 1-month time point (in the same order), and age, job stress, and gender. Here, 74.58% of the CPPs were correctly classified. Mean employment status was predicted by intent and educational status. Conclusions: There is a relationship between preinjury job perceptions and actual return to work after pain facility treatment. Voiced intent not to return to the preinjury type of job is highly predictive of not returning to work after pain facility treatment. [source] A global perspective of migration and occupational healthAMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 4 2010Marc B. Schenker MD Abstract Background Global migration has dramatically increased over the past decade and is at an all-time high, approaching 200 million persons per year. Demographics and economic interdependence suggest that immigration will continue for the near future at record high levels. Methods A review of the few studies that have investigated occupational injury and illness rates among immigrant populations. Results Existing data indicate that higher rates of fatal and non-fatal injuries are common compared to native populations. This increase is in part due to immigrants working in higher risk occupations (e.g., agriculture, construction), but occupational morbidity and mortality is higher among immigrants than native-born workers within occupational categories. Conclusions Research is needed to identify the causes of increased risk among immigrants and to provide direction to effective public health interventions. Research methods must be adapted to different epidemiologic characteristics of immigrant populations, including lack of standard sampling frames, different language and culture from the dominant culture, and precarious work status. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:329,337, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Chronic pain in South Australia , population levels that interfere extremely with activities of daily livingAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, Issue 3 2010David C. Currow Abstract Objective: The prevalence of chronic pain in Australia has only been previously estimated for the state of New South Wales. The aim of this study was to focus estimates on pain severe enough to interfere markedly with daily function irrespective of contact with health services in another region, South Australia. Methods: A whole of population random face-to-face survey method (n=2,973) was used, directly standardised against the whole population for age, gender, country of birth and rurality. Respondents were asked about chronic pain and the degree to which it interfered with daily activities. Results: The prevalence of chronic pain was 17.9%, and pain that interfered extremely with activity 5.0%. Chronic pain was associated with older age, living alone, lower income, not being in full-time work and lower educational levels in bivariate analyses, however in multifactor analyses the only significant associations were not currently working (p<0.001) and lower levels of educational achievement (p=0.042). Pain that interfered extremely with activity in multifactor analysis was associated with work status where the odds ratio for work-related injury compared to those in full time work was 19.3 (95% CI 7.30-51.3; p<0.001). Conclusions: This study highlights the high levels of pain with extreme effects on day-to-day life (one in 20 people), the complex inter-relationships of the factors (educational achievement, work status) associated with chronic pain and the impacts that these factors have on the people experiencing such disabling pain in the long-term. [source] Determinants of Early Medical Management of Nausea and Vomiting of PregnancyBIRTH, Issue 1 2009Anaïs Lacasse BSc ABSTRACT: Background: Early medical management of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy is desirable but less than optimal. The aims of this study were to describe the management of nausea and vomiting during the first prenatal visit and to identify the determinants of 1) addressing the subject of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy with the health practitioner and 2) receiving an antiemetic prescription.Methods: A prospective study was conducted of 283 women who reported nausea and vomiting during the first trimester of pregnancy. Women were eligible if they were at least 18 years of age and , 16 weeks' gestation at the time of their first prenatal visit. Participants completed a questionnaire to determine their maternal characteristics, the presence of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, and its management.Results: Of the 283 study participants, 79 percent reported that the condition was addressed during their first prenatal visit, 52 percent reported being asked about the intensity and severity of their symptoms, and 22 percent reported being questioned about the extent to which it disrupted their daily tasks. Health practitioners prescribed an antiemetic for 27 percent of women and recommended a nonpharmacological method for 14 percent. Multivariate models showed that the severity of the nausea and vomiting, previous use of an antiemetic, and smoking before pregnancy were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of addressing the subject of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Variables associated with an increased likelihood of women receiving an antiemetic prescription included nausea and vomiting severity, excessive salivation, previous antiemetic use, and work status.Conclusions: Health practitioners can improve their management of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy based on the available guidelines for treatment and they should address important factors such as symptom severity and work status at the first prenatal visit to assess women's need for antiemetic treatment. (BIRTH 36:1 March 2009) [source] | ||||||||||