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Work Place (work + place)
Selected AbstractsDoes Gender Still Matter?GENDER, WORK & ORGANISATION, Issue 4 2007A Study of the Views of Women in the ICT Industry in New Zealand Using data from in-depth interviews with female information and communication technology (ICT) professionals from New Zealand's four main cities, this article uses a social constructivist framework to investigate the women's perceptions of their ICT work place. The results show that there are regional differences in organization type, job category and salaries, as well as in the perceptions of the women towards their environment. Most women did not actively seek to be employed in ICT , rather their entry was serendipitous. While they enjoyed working in the environment, there was an obvious gendering of the workforce with most technical positions being held by men and women working mainly in the softer side of ICT. The women perceived their gendered roles to be a highly important and an integral part of ICT and believed their salaries were equitable with their male colleagues. Having a greater understanding of how women view their ICT work place will contribute to attracting and retaining them in an industry where a shortage of skills is envisaged in the near future. [source] Can a long-term continuing education course in patient counselling promote a change in the practice of Finnish community pharmacists?INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE, Issue 3 2003Heli Kansanaho assistant in social pharmacy ABSTRACT Objective To assess community pharmacists' perceptions of the impact of a long-term continuing education (CE) course on their patient counselling skills. Methods Three focus groups were conducted with the course participants (n = 17) during the last module of the CE course. Data were analysed using computer software for qualitative analysis. Key findings The focus groups revealed eight preliminary categories that were further categorised into four themes related to the learning process in patient counselling skills. The first theme related to achieving the learning objectives. The second related to personal development, understanding principles of two-way communication, and problems in their implementation in practice. The third theme related to actions taken by the participants in their work place, and the fourth involved the potential conflict between the new skills gained and the traditional communication culture in the participant's pharmacy. Conclusion The CE course provided the community pharmacists with new skills and knowledge in patient counselling and collective in-house training. The findings show that the greatest challenge is to change the communication culture of the pharmacy. To achieve this, it may be necessary for more than one pharmacist from the same pharmacy to participate in the training process at the same time. [source] Insecurity related to working life by age groups in Finland and Estonia in the 1990sINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WELFARE, Issue 3 2000Raija Väisänen This article compares the reasons for insecurity related to working life in different age groups in Finland and Estonia, and the coping strategies evident in the two countries. Insecurity related to working life is more common in Finland than in Estonia. The differences between the two countries are more distinct with respect to experienced work-related insecurity than to an experienced lack of well-being linked to work. This shows that feelings of insecurity are affected not only by external factors, but also by internal factors linked to a person's earlier development. The most common causes of insecurity for people of working age are unemployment, mental strain and difficulties in interpersonal relationships at the work place. The individual's willingness to find means of coping at work is more clearly evident in Estonia than in Finland. People of working age in Finland are more likely to attempt to change the external conditions of work than are their Estonian counterparts. [source] Good work , how is it recognised by the nurse?JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 12 2008Bjørg Christiansen Dr. Polit. Aim., The aim of this paper is to shed light on how nurses describe situations that reflect achievement and provide confirmation that they have done good work. Background., Nurses' recognition of good work does not seem to have been the object of direct investigation, but is indirectly reflected in studies focusing on nurses' perceptions on work environments and the multifaceted nature of nursing. However, acknowledging high-quality performance in professional nurses can facilitate nurses in maintaining and strengthening the goals and values of the profession. This in turn can help nurses shoulder the multifaceted responsibilities they have to patients and next of kin. Design., This paper is part of the Professional Learning in a Changing Society project, Institute of Educational Research, University of Oslo, funded by the Research Council of Norway. The project involves four professional groups. This paper, however, focuses on a group of 10 nurses, nine of whom work in hospitals and one in an outpatient clinic. A qualitative approach was chosen to gain insight into how nurses, as well as the other professional groups in the project, engage in processes of knowledge production and quality assurance work. Methods., Data presented in this paper derive from semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted during spring 2005 and focuses on the recognition of good work. Results., The following themes were identified as essential in confirming that one did good work: securing fundamental needs of patients and next of kin; managing the flow of responsibilities; positive feedback. Conclusions., Good work seems to be related to specific situations and a sense of achievement by the respondents. Relevance to clinical practice., Recognition of good work is not only rewarding and enjoyable; it may also serve as a source of consciousness raising for professional and ethical guidelines in the work place. [source] The scope of nursing in Australia: a snapshot of the challenges and skills neededJOURNAL OF NURSING MANAGEMENT, Issue 2 2003Jacqueline Jones RN Contemporary nursing is an increasingly complex concept encompassing and encapsulating wide variation under the broad rubric of the nursing work place. This paper reports on a study that was designed to contribute to understandings of nursing practice by describing what nurses in Australia are doing everyday in various practice and work settings, the type of skills they need, the challenges they face and the interactions nurses have with other health workers. Drawing on the research which informed the National Review of Nurse Education in Australia in 2001, the paper raises issues critical to the management of contemporary nursing practice. Flexible approaches both to the day-to-day management of nurses and nursing, and educational preparation in partnership with key stakeholders, are a necessity if management of nursing is to keep pace with constant change in health care systems as well as facilitating the attraction and retention of nurses in those systems. [source] Asymptomatic individuals at genetic risk of haemochromatosis take appropriate steps to prevent disease related to iron overloadLIVER INTERNATIONAL, Issue 3 2008Katrina J. Allen Abstract Background/Aims: If community screening for hereditary haemochromatosis is to be considered, compliance with preventative measures and absence of significant psychological morbidity must be demonstrated. Methods: Workplace screening for the HFE C282Y mutation and then clinical care for C282Y homozygotes was instituted. Data were collected on understanding of test results, perceived health status and anxiety for C282Y homozygotes compared with controls. Uptake of clinical care, compliance and response to treatment and changes in diet were monitored for up to 4 years for C282Y homozygotes. Results: After 11 307 individuals were screened, 40/47 (85%) newly identified C282Y homozygotes completed questionnaires 12 months after diagnosis compared with 79/126 (63%) of controls. Significantly more C282Y homozygotes correctly remembered their test result compared with controls (95 vs 51%, P<0.0001). No significant difference in perceived health status was observed within or between the two groups at 12 months compared with baseline. Anxiety levels decreased significantly for C282Y homozygotes at 12 months compared with before testing (P<0.05). Forty-five of the 47 (95.8%) C282Y homozygotes accessed clinical care for at least 12 months. All 22 participants requiring therapeutic venesection complied with treatment for at least 12 months (range 12,47 months). Conclusion: Individuals at a high genetic risk of developing haemochromatosis use clinical services appropriately, maintain their health and are not ,worried well'. Population genetic screening for haemochromatosis can be conducted in the work place in a way that is acceptable and beneficial to participants. [source] Management and organisational barriers in the acquisition of computer usage skills by mature age workersAUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL ON AGEING, Issue 3 2009Mark KeoghArticle first published online: 30 AUG 200 Aim:, To investigate workplace cultures in the acquisition of computer usage skills by mature age workers. Methods:, Data were gathered through focus groups conducted at job network centres in the Greater Brisbane metropolitan region. Participants who took part were a mixture of workers and job-seekers. Results:, The results suggest that mature age workers can be exposed to inappropriate computer training practices and age-insensitive attitudes towards those with low base computer skills. Conclusions:, There is a need for managers to be observant of ageist attitudes in the work place and to develop age-sensitive strategies to help mature age workers learn computer usage skills. Mature age workers also need to develop skills in ways which are practical and meaningful to their work. [source] Supervising Professional Work under New Public Management: Evidence from an ,Invisible Trade'BRITISH JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT, Issue 3 2000Martin Kitchener This paper assesses the extent to which the new public management (NPM) project has succeeded in replacing the custodial mode of professional work supervision with a more bureaucratic approach. The paper conceptualizes the key components of each mode within two ideal types of professional work supervision. It then draws on findings from a study of local-authority social service departments to consider current arrangements against these ideal type configurations. The findings demonstrate that elements of the bureaucratic mode have emerged unevenly. So far, they have not displaced the emphasis that the supervisors of professional work place on protecting autonomy and limiting management control systems. This suggests that custodial approaches to the supervision of professional work may be more resilient than has been assumed within previous analyses of NPM. [source] Expression of caspase and apoptotic signal pathway induced by sulfur dioxideENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS, Issue 2 2010Juli Bai Abstract Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a common air pollutant that is released in low concentrations into the atmosphere and in higher concentrations in some work places. In the present study, male Wistar rats were housed in exposure chambers and treated with 14.00 ± 1.01, 28.00 ± 1.77, and 56.00 ± 3.44 mg/m3 SO2 for 7 days (6 hr/day), while control rats were exposed to filtered air under the same conditions. The mRNA and protein levels of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 were analyzed using a real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) assay and an immunohistochemistry method. Activities of caspases were detected using colorimetric and fluorescent assays. Chromatin degradation and cell morphological changes were investigated by TUNEL assay and H&E staining in livers and lungs, respectively. The results showed that mRNA levels, protein levels and activities of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 were increased in a dose-dependent manner in livers and lungs of rats after SO2 inhalation. In addition, livers were infiltrated with lymphocytes, congestion and inflammation occurred in lungs, and eosinophil cells and apoptotic cells increased in both livers and lungs after SO2 inhalation. These results suggest that SO2 exposure increases the expression and activity of both initiator and and effector caspases, and may induce apoptosis in liver and lung of rats through both death receptor and mitochondrial pathways. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Factors influencing Macao nurses' intention to leave current employmentJOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 6 2009Moon Fai Chan Aims., To investigate factors associated with nurses' intention to leave current employment in Macao. Background., The shortage of nursing staff and nurses voluntarily leaving their jobs has continued to be a problem affecting the delivery of health care all over the world. One way to alleviate this shortfall is via recruitment, but this is not always successful. Another way is to reduce the rate at which nurses voluntarily leave their work places. Design., A descriptive survey was conducted and data were collected using a self-reported structured questionnaire. Nurses were recruited in the Health Bureau and one private hospital in Macao. The status of nurses' intention to leave current employment (yes vs. no) was the dependent variable and nurses' predisposing characteristics, organisational environments and five components on job satisfaction outcomes were independent variables. Results., Of 426 nurses, 166 (39·0%) indicated an intention to leave current employment. The results showed that age (p < 0·001), work experience (p < 0·001), workplace (p = 0·015) and job satisfaction: pay and benefits (p < 0·001) were significant risk factors to predict nurses' intention to leave current employment. Conclusions., More than one-third of the nurses in Macao indicated an intention to leave current employment. This figure may be a cause of concern for the hospital management and highlights the need to implement strategies to improve the communication between nurses and the organisation, to enhance nurse job satisfaction and commitment to the organisation. Relevance to clinical practice., Our findings outline some issues contributing to this problem and provide the nurse manager with information regarding specific influences on nurses' turnover in Macao. Given the complexity of issues outlined in this analysis, nurse managers should assist their nursing staff to deal with those influences, make efforts to address the nursing shortage that will require additional communications and recognise the needs and values of their staff and empower them to create a better work environment. As a consequence, their commitment to the organisation can be fostered. [source] Occupational therapists and the concept of power: A review of the literatureAUSTRALIAN OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY JOURNAL, Issue 1 2001Susan Griffin The concept of power is discussed in the broader health literature and the occupational therapy literature from three perspectives. These are the trait approaches to professionalization, the medical dominance perspective and the view of health care work places as organizations. The results of the review suggest that the power of the profession of occupational therapy is linked to a number of factors. These include its status as an occupation, the fact that the majority of its members are women and the extent to which therapists have knowledge and skills related to working with other disciplines in a changing political climate. While the review enables the type of knowledge and skills which would assist therapists to develop and exercise their power within the health sector to be suggested, the extent to which therapists actually possess the knowledge and skills is unknown due to a lack of research in the area. [source] | |||||||||||||