Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Work Force (work + force)
Selected AbstractsHow Can the Nursing Perspective Contribute to the Development of the Public Health Work Force?PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING, Issue 5 2009Shervin S. Churchill M.P.H. No abstract is available for this article. [source] Flexibility-based competition: Skills and competencies in the new EuropeHUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS IN MANUFACTURING & SERVICE INDUSTRIES, Issue 1 2005Andrzej K. Kozminski In this paper the competitive strength and weaknesses of unifying and enlarging Europe in the global economy are examined. The focus is on people at work, their skills, and competencies. The idea of flexibility-based competition is developed implicating product and services portfolios, technologies, volumes, quality standards, distribution networks, and development cycles. Flexibility calls for speed maximizing management and special work force and labor markets characteristics. A new employment policy should change European labor markets making them more flexible and enabling "high-speed management." People able to adjust to flexible labor markets are described as "niche finders." Those who are equipped to excel in such markets and to win the competition game are presented in this paper as "top performers." Educational systems and particularly management education and development have to undergo deep restructuring to meet the challenge. An outline of new management education is provided. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 15: 35,47, 2005. [source] The roles of science and technology in energy and environment research and developmentINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH, Issue 13 2001Ibrahim Dincer Abstract Countries are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of science and technology in relation to national development and the necessity of formulating a concise science and technology policy. The need to strengthen and orient the scientific and technological infrastructure in line with national development goals, through more effective use of an available qualified work force and the higher education system, is becoming widely recognized. Consequently, appropriate methods of assessing the impact of science and technology on national development are needed so that efforts are concentrated on areas potentially having substantial impacts. Numerous planning studies have been undertaken to this end, particularly by international organizations such as UNESCO, UNIDO, OECD and IEA. This study examines the inter-relationships of the disciplines of science and technology with energy and environment research and development (R&D) activities, particularly for developing countries. The connections between these topics are discussed along with some basic methods that can be used to exploit the relations. Some illustrative examples are presented. It is anticipated that the present study will serve as a preliminary step for more comprehensive work by providing an example of the utilization of formal methods in formulating science and technology policy for energy and environment R&D. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] An evaluation of the nursing practice environment and successful change management using the new generation Magnet ModelJOURNAL OF NURSING MANAGEMENT, Issue 3 2010BETTYANNE GRANT RNBC grant b., colello s., riehle m. & dende d. (2010) Journal of Nursing Management18, 326,331 An evaluation of the nursing practice environment and successful change management using the new generation Magnet Model Aim, To discuss the new Magnet Model as it relates to the successful implementation of a practice change. Background, There is growing international interest in the Magnet Recognition Programme. The latest generation of the Magnet Model has been designed not only as a road map for organizations seeking to achieve Magnet recognition but also as a framework for nursing practice and research in the future. Evaluation, The Magnet Model was used to identify success factors related to a practice change and to evaluate the nursing practice environment. Key issues, Even when proposed changes to practice are evidence based and thoughtfully considered, the nurses' work environment must be supportive and empowering in order to yield successful and sustainable implementation of new practice. Conclusion, Success factors for implementation of a practice change can be illuminated by aligning environmental characteristics to the components of the new Magnet Model. Implications for nursing management, The Magnet Model provides an exceptional framework for building an agile and dynamic work force. Thoughtful consideration of the components and inter-relationships represented in the new model can help to both predict and ensure organizational vitality. [source] Incentives, challenges, and dilemmas of TANF: A case studyJOURNAL OF POLICY ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT, Issue 4 2002Barbara L. Wolfe This paper compares the incentives inherent in TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families), the U.S. welfare system in place after the 1996 reforms, with those of TANF's predecessor, AFDC (Aid to Families with Dependent Children), using the experience in one state, Wisconsin, as an example. Is the new program successful in avoiding the "poverty trap" of the old welfare system, in which the marginal tax rates imposed on earnings and benefits were so high that they discouraged work effort outside a narrow earnings range? As women receiving assistance begin working more hours and earning more, income-conditioned benefits (Food Stamps, EITC, Medicaid, and subsidies for child care) are reduced and withdrawn, in effect constituting a "tax" on earnings. Under TANF, there is more support for these families, at least in Wisconsin, and so economic well-being should be higher for most women with earning in this range than it was under AFDC. But marginal tax rates under TANF remain high, and in some income ranges they are higher than under AFDC. Once in the work force, former TANF recipients have earnings over the long run that expose them to very high marginal tax rates, which decrease the benefits of working harder and make it very difficult to gain full eonomic independence. Evidence from other sources suggest that most low-skilled women have earnings in the same range and so are likely to face similar reductions in benefits such as child care subsidies or the EITC as their earnings increase, even if they are not receiving welfare-related benefits. © 2002 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management. [source] Reported occupational respiratory diseases in three spanish regionsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 9 2010Ramon Orriols Abstract Background In 2002, a voluntary registry of occupational respiratory diseases was initiated in the test phase in Asturias, Catalonia, and Navarre (Spain). Based on data from the fully implemented voluntary registry, we assessed the differences in the incidence and characteristics of the diseases reported in the three regions studied and compared them with those notified to the compulsory official system. Methods Physicians whose daily practice includes patients with occupational respiratory diseases were invited to participate. Newly diagnosed cases occurring during 2003 in the work force of the three regions studied were reported on a notification form every 2 months. Data from the compulsory official notification system were obtained from statistics on work-related diseases for possible disability benefits. Results Five hundred thirty-three new cases, representing a cumulative incidence of 183.52 (168.27,199.78) per million workers per year, were reported. The number of cases and the incidence, overall and for each disease, causes of the diseases, and the occupations varied considerably between regions. The number of cases reported to the voluntary system was more than threefold greater than the number reported to the compulsory official system. Conclusions The compulsory scheme for reporting occupational respiratory diseases is seriously under-reporting in the three Spanish regions studied. Our voluntary surveillance program, which showed considerable differences in the characteristics and incidence of these diseases among the regions, appears to be more effective. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:922,930, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Quality assurance in medical and public health genetics services: A systematic review,AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS, Issue 3 2009Ann F. Chou Abstract As genetic services grow in scope, issues of quality assessment in genetic services are emerging. These efforts are well developed for molecular and cytogenetic testing and laboratories, and newborn screening programs, but assessing quality in clinical services has lagged, perhaps owing to the small work force and the recent evolution from a few large training programs to multiple training sites. We surveyed the English language, peer-reviewed literature to summarize the knowledge-base of quality assessment of genetics services, organized into the tripartite categories of the Donabedian model of "structure," "process," and "outcome." MEDLINE searches from 1990 to July 2008, yielded 2,143 articles that addressed both "medical/genetic screening and counseling" and "quality indicators, control, and assurance." Of the 2,143 titles, 131 articles were extracted for in-depth analysis, and 55 were included in this review. Twenty-nine articles focused on structure, 19 on process, and seven on outcomes. Our review underscored the urgent need for a coherent model that will provide health care organizations with tools to assess, report, monitor, and improve quality. The structure, process, and outcomes domains that make up the quality framework provide a comprehensive lens through which to examine quality in medical genetics. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] UPSTREAM VOLATILITY IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN: THE MACHINE TOOL INDUSTRY AS A CASE STUDYPRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT, Issue 3 2000EDWARD G. ANDERSON JR. Cyclicality is a well-known and accepted fact of life in market-driven economies. Less well known or understood, however, is the phenomenon of amplification as one looks "upstream" in the industrial supply chain. We examine the amplification phenomenon and its implications through the lens of one upstream industry that is notorious for the intensity of the business cycles it faces: the machine tool industry. Amplification of demand volatility in capital equipment supply chains, e. g., machine tools, is particularly large relative to that seen in distribution and component parts supply chains. We present a system dynamics simulation model to capture demand volatility amplification in capital supply chains. We explore the lead-time, inventory, production, productivity, and staffing implications of these dynamic forces. Several results stand out. First, volatility hurts productivity and lowers average worker experience. Second, even though machine tool builders can do little to reduce the volatility in their order streams through choice of forecast rule, a smoother forecasting policy will lead companies to retain more of their skilled work force. This retention of skilled employees is often cited as one of the advantages that European and Japanese companies have had relative to their U. S. competitors. Our results suggest some insights for supply chain design and management: downstream customers can do a great deal to reduce the volatility for upstream suppliers through their choice of order forecast rule. In particular, companies that use smoother forecasting policies tend to impose less of their own volatility upon their supply base and may consequently enjoy system-wide cost reduction. [source] Perceived Barriers to Nurse Practitioner Practice in Rural SettingsTHE JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH, Issue 2 2005Linda Lindeke PhD ABSTRACT: Context: Rural residents experience the same incidence of acute illness as urban populations and have higher levels of chronic illness. Overall, access to adequate rural health care is limited. Nurse practitioners (NPs) have been identified as safe, cost-effective providers in meeting these challenges in rural settings. Purpose: This replication study was conducted to examine NP perceptions of barriers to rural practice in Minnesota. Findings were compared to earlier studies to examine issues that have persisted over time. Methods: A Barriers to Practice checklist was mailed to NPs from the database of the Board of Nursing of a midwestern state. Rural NPs (n = 191) identified and described barriers to practice and rated the overall restrictiveness of their practice. Findings: Barriers to practice were perceived to be prevalent. Persisting barriers continued to stand in the way of full utilization of NP roles. Lack of understanding of NP roles on the part of the public and other health professionals has been particularly problematic over time. Key issues in 2001 were low salaries, lack of adequate office space, and a limited peer network. Perceived restrictiveness of the practice climate, gauged as somewhat restrictive, remained unchanged between 1996 and 2001. Conclusions: NPs have an excellent history of meeting rural primary health care needs. Enhancing the NP work environment could prove instrumental to retaining these professionals in the work force and thereby contribute to improved access and quality of care in underserved rural communities. [source] Labour Discipline and Resistance: The Oruro Mining District in the Late Colonial PeriodBULLETIN OF LATIN AMERICAN RESEARCH, Issue 1 2003Concepción Gavira Márquez This article discusses the characteristics of the (principally indigenous) work force in the mines of Charcas, Bolivia, in the last decades of the eighteenth century. It analyses the ways in which mine workers were disciplined under law and in daily practice, as well as their resistance to such discipline, so as to assess the application and impact of mining legislation. The chief obstacles to proletarianization lay in the characteristic mixture in the mines of wage labourers and peasants, as well as in the different concepts of work held by Spaniards and Indians. An increase in coercion during this period, both by the State and private individuals, so as to recruit and retain workers provoked different strategies of resistance among the Indians, as is illustrated by a significant joint protest among smelting,mill workers in Oruro and Paria in 1793. [source] Predictors of employment after successful kidney transplantation , a population-based studyCLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 4 2008Maristela Bohlke Abstract:, Introduction:, Kidney transplantation is currently the treatment of choice for end-stage renal disease. As the successful transplantation improves the physical and mental quality of life, it is expected that the transplant recipient should play a productive role in the society. The present study evaluates the occurrence and predictors of employment after kidney transplantation. Methods:, Population-based cross-sectional study in which 272 adult kidney recipients assisted in a Brazilian Southern state were evaluated. Results:, At the moment of the interview, 29% of the patients were employed. After analysis with logistic regression, the predictors of employment were male sex (OR 4.04; 95% CI 1.99,8.23), pre-transplant employment for non-diabetic (OR 4.35; 95% CI 3.79,4.99), diabetes for individuals who worked while on dialysis (OR 0.06; 95% CI 0.008,0.5), high educational level for individuals with mental quality of life scores above the 25th percentile (OR 3.06; 95% CI 2.98,3.14 for 50th percentile of mental quality of life). The Hosmer,Lemeshow test was of 3.33 (p = 0.91). Conclusion:, The participation of the kidney transplant recipients with functioning graft into the work force in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul is low, being predicted mainly by sociodemographic factors. It was not detected any influence of patient perception of his/her physical conditions or other clinical variables, except for the presence of diabetes. [source] | |||||||||||||