Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Wide Open (wide + open)
Selected AbstractsEyes Wide Open: Looking for God in Popular CultureTHE JOURNAL OF POPULAR CULTURE, Issue 3 2009Theodore A. Turnau No abstract is available for this article. [source] THE EUROPEAN COURT: THE FORGOTTEN POWERHOUSE BUILDING THE EUROPEAN SUPERSTATEECONOMIC AFFAIRS, Issue 1 2004Martin Howe Less attention is paid to the European Court of Justice than to other European Union institutions when discussing the centralising tendencies of the Union. However, the court has given an important impetus to the process of centralisation through its individual decisions and also through its tendency to give effect in its decisions to what it believes to be the,purpose'of EU treaties rather than to the text of the treaties. The proposed EU constitution will significantly widen the power of the European Court since it includes articles which are wide open to a number of different interpretations, and it will be for the court to decide how they should be interpreted. [source] Is there a core national doctrine?NATIONS AND NATIONALISM, Issue 2 2001Erica Benner National doctrines are notoriously diverse, and often embody contradictory political values and criteria for membership. This article asks whether there is a ,core' national doctrine that connects republican, cultural, ethnic and liberal concepts of nationality. It considers two attractive candidates: one locating the ,core' in a doctrine about the political and psychological significance of pre-political cultural identities, the other in the constitutional principle of popular sovereignty. After assessing the limitations of both, I sketch a different core national doctrine. This doctrine is constitutive and geopolitical, not constitutional or cultural. It has deep roots in the security concerns specific to the modern, pluralistic system of sovereign states, and prescribes in general terms the form that any community should take in order to survive or distinguish itself in that system. It says very little about the appropriate basis for such communities; the choice of political, cultural, ethnic or even racial criteria is left wide open. More than other versions, this ,core' is able to identify the common ground between cultural, constitutional, and other national doctrines. It also puts a sharp focus on the reasons why, historically, national and liberal values have been so hard to combine. [source] Voltage-gated proton channels: what's next?THE JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 22 2008Thomas E. DeCoursey This review is an attempt to identify and place in context some of the many questions about voltage-gated proton channels that remain unsolved. As the gene was identified only 2 years ago, the situation is very different than in fields where the gene has been known for decades. For the proton channel, most of the obvious and less obvious structure,function questions are still wide open. Remarkably, the proton channel protein strongly resembles the voltage-sensing domain of many voltage-gated ion channels, and thus offers a novel approach to study gating mechanisms. Another surprise is that the proton channel appears to function as a dimer, with two separate conduction pathways. A number of significant biological questions remain in dispute, unanswered, or in some cases, not yet asked. This latter deficit is ascribable to the intrinsic difficulty in evaluating the importance of one component in a complex system, and in addition, to the lack, until recently, of a means of performing an unambiguous lesion experiment, that is, of selectively eliminating the molecule in question. We still lack a potent, selective pharmacological inhibitor, but the identification of the gene has allowed the development of powerful new tools including proton channel antibodies, siRNA and knockout mice. [source] Structure of the unbound form of HIV-1 subtype A protease: comparison with unbound forms of proteases from other HIV subtypesACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D, Issue 3 2010Arthur H. Robbins The crystal structure of the unbound form of HIV-1 subtype A protease (PR) has been determined to 1.7,Å resolution and refined as a homodimer in the hexagonal space group P61 to an Rcryst of 20.5%. The structure is similar in overall shape and fold to the previously determined subtype B, C and F PRs. The major differences lie in the conformation of the flap region. The flaps in the crystal structures of the unbound subtype B and C PRs, which were crystallized in tetragonal space groups, are either semi-open or wide open. In the present structure of subtype A PR the flaps are found in the closed position, a conformation that would be more anticipated in the structure of HIV protease complexed with an inhibitor. The amino-acid differences between the subtypes and their respective crystal space groups are discussed in terms of the differences in the flap conformations. [source] | ||||||||||