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White Spots (white + spot)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences50%

Terms modified by White Spots

  • white spot syndrome virus
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    Selected Abstracts

    Improving the evidence base for international comparative research

    INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCE JOURNAL, Issue 193-194 2008
    Ekkehard Mochmann
    Industrial societies today produce abundant data fed by the statistical system, social research, market research and administrative data. This is increasingly complemented by processing data produced from sources like commercial transactions. Looking at societies in an international comparative perspective, however, we find many incoherent patterns or even white spots on the globe. Nevertheless, we can observe encouraging progress over past decades. The pioneers of the data movement worked towards an international network of data infrastructures that were conceived as building blocks in a system of social observation. Gaps in the statistical data base had to be filled by sample surveys from social research. This resulted in a network of social science data services to preserve and process the data collected to make them available for secondary analysis, and systematic efforts to continuously collect data comparative by design and to make them available as a public good to the scientific community at large. Increasingly we can observe a rapprochement that has been taking place between social policy and social research since the turn of the millennium. Facing the challenges of globalisation we cannot however, overlook the fact that in spite of all progress, social science data have been collected predominantly with a national perspective, are not well integrated and , even if they are technically and legally accessible , do not easily lend themselves to comparison between nations or periods of time. International data programmes may well profit from the methodological standardisation and harmonisation of measurements as well as from technical progress towards the easier access to and interoperability of data bases. These processes will profit much, if growing efforts to agree on data policies and funding perspectives for international and transcontinental cooperation succeed. [source]

    The significance of duodenal white spots

    JOURNAL OF DIGESTIVE DISEASES, Issue 3 2010
    Ersan OZASLAN
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]

    A physiological interpretation of pattern changes in a flatfish

    JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY, Issue 3 2008
    D. Burton
    The pattern-related capacity for the dispersion of previously aggregated melanosomes in low concentrations (3 × 10,6 to 10,8 M) of noradrenaline in vitro was observed in melanophores from winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus. With 10,8 M noradrenaline, dispersion was completed more rapidly than in controls using the incubation vehicle alone. Melanophores from white-spot, dark-band and general background components of the integumentary pattern displayed different ,transition ranges' between melanosome aggregation and dispersion in higher and lower concentrations of noradrenaline. Within each ,transition range' individual noradrenaline concentration decrements could result in highly variable degrees of melanosome dispersion. The relative breadth of the noradrenaline ,transition range' concentrations could be represented as dark bands > general background > white spots. The threshold noradrenaline concentration for dispersion was highest for the dark bands. It is concluded that these differences represent variations in the transition from melanophore ,-adrenoceptor-mediated pigment aggregation to ,-adrenoceptor-mediated dispersion between localized areas of the skin. Such variations in ,transition range' will have an important role in the expression of flatfish patterns and in their changes in colour and texture. [source]

    Validation of two dual fluorescence techniques for confocal microscopic visualization of resin penetration into enamel caries lesions

    MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE, Issue 7 2009
    Sebastian Paris
    Abstract Fluorescence confocal microscopy is a useful tool to analyze the infiltration of enamel caries lesions with low-viscosity resins (infiltrants) in vitro. The conventionally used staining technique, which comprises dye labeling of the resin, has been shown to be limited by chromatographic separation of the resin-dye-mixture during penetration. The aim of this study was to develop an improved dual staining technique and to compare validity and reproducibility of both methods. Human molars with proximal white spots were cut across the demineralizations. After varnishing the cut surfaces, paired lesion halves were infiltrated with an infiltrant using either one of two different staining techniques. For the conventional direct technique (A) the infiltrant was labeled with rhodamine isothiocyanate (RITC) prior to application. Using the new indirect technique (B) lesions were stained with RITC solution and subsequently infiltrated with pure infiltrant. After light curing, unbound dye was bleached by immersion in hydrogen peroxide. Remaining lesion pores were stained with sodium fluorescein solution. Penetration depths (PD) and lesion depths (LD) were evaluated by five examiners using confocal microscopy and compared with the results of scanning electron microscopic (SEM; PD) and microradiographic (TMR; LD) analysis. The indirect technique showed better correlation (intraclass coefficients) with SEM (0.990) and TMR (0.982) compared with the direct technique (SEM: 0.513; TMR: 0.702). Inter- and intrarater reliability was higher for technique B compared with technique A. The new indirect technique yields to more valid and reliable results to visualize infiltrant penetration into natural enamel caries lesions compared with the conventional method. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]