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White Mothers (white + mother)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%
Humanities and Social Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

Relationship Quality and Changes in Depressive Symptoms Among Urban, Married African Americans, Hispanics, and Whites

FAMILY RELATIONS, Issue 3 2009
Jay Fagan
Bivariate analyses showed that continuously married urban African American, non-Hispanic White, and Hispanic fathers and mothers reporting greater marital support and less relational control experienced a decrease in depressive symptoms. Multiple regression showed a stronger association between concurrent marital support and decreased depressive symptoms for mothers than fathers. African American and Hispanic fathers reporting higher levels of spousal relationship support when children were infants reported a larger decrease in depressive symptoms when children were age 3 compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Relationship control at age 3 was positively related to increased depressive symptoms among all groups except African American fathers and White mothers. African American and Hispanic fathers with marital problems may need additional support services. [source]

Association of Maternal Chronic Disease and Negative Birth Outcomes in a Non-Hispanic Black-White Mississippi Birth Cohort

PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING, Issue 4 2007
Juanita Graham
ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the impact of selected maternal chronic medical conditions, race, and age on preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), and infant mortality among Mississippi mothers from 1999 to 2003. Design: A retrospective cohort analysis of linked birth and death certificates. Sample: The 1999,2003 Mississippi birth cohort comprising 202,931 singleton infants born to African American and White women. Measurements: The relationship between maternal chronic conditions and the dependent variables of PTB, LBW, and infant mortality were investigated using logistic regression analysis. Results: PTB, LBW, and infant mortality were more prevalent among African American women, very young women (,15 years), and women with certain chronic medical conditions. Among White mothers, maternal chronic hypertension was significantly associated with PTB and LBW, and maternal diabetes with PTB and infant mortality. Among African American mothers, maternal cardiac disease was significantly associated with PTB and LBW; maternal chronic hypertension was significantly associated with LBW and infant mortality; and maternal diabetes with PTB. Conclusions: Maternal chronic hypertension and diabetes were significantly associated with negative birth outcomes regardless of maternal race. Maternal cardiac disease was only significantly associated with PTB and LBW among African Americans. [source]

The Legacy of White Supremacy and the Challenge of White Antiracist Mothering

HYPATIA, Issue 2 2007
Rebecca Aanerud
Aanerud's project is to develop an account of white antiracist mothering, using a model of maternal duty to raise antiracist white children. The author sets this project in the context of historic constructions of white mothering in the twentieth century and then contrasts the need for an exploration of white mothers raising white children against the literature of white mothers' raising children of color and mothers of color raising their own children, Once this distinction is made, Aanerud uses Collins's account of racial ethnic mothering as a springboard into her discussion of antiracist white mothering of white children. [source]

Racial and ethnic disparities in low birth weight delivery associated with maternal occupational characteristics

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 2 2010
John D. Meyer MD
Abstract Objectives Work characteristics and maternal education have both been associated with low birth weight (LBW) delivery. We sought to examine the relative contribution of these two factors to LBW delivery and determine whether ethnic/racial differentials in educational attainment and work characteristics might play a role in well-described disparities in LBW. Methods Scores for work substantive complexity (SC) derived from the O*NET were imputed to maternal occupation for Connecticut singleton births in 2000. Risks for LBW were estimated separately for black, Hispanic, and white mothers using logistic regression controlling for maternal covariates. Results Using white mothers as a referent, working is associated with reduced LBW risk in black mothers compared to those not in work (OR 2.06 vs. 3.07). LBW in working black women was strongly associated with less that a high school education (OR 4.80, 95% CI 1.68,13.7), and with low work SC in blacks in those with a college education or greater (OR 4.48, 95% CI 1.24,16.2). Examination of work SC scores, controlling for age and educational level, showed lower values for blacks; increased work SC was seen in Hispanics after adjustment for lower educational attainment. A decrease in risk for LBW was seen in black mothers, compared with whites, as work SC increased. By contrast, college-educated black mothers had a greater risk for LBW than those with high school or some college education. Conclusions Maternal employment and work in a job with greater SC were associated with a reduced risk of LBW in black mothers. Improved LBW risk was also seen with employment in Hispanics. Low work SC in those with higher educational attainment was strongly associated with LBW in blacks, but not whites or Hispanics. Education/work mismatch may play a role in racial disparities in birth outcomes. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:153,162 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Effect of Preexisting Chronic Disease on Primary Cesarean Delivery Rates by Race for Births in U.S. Military Hospitals, 1999,2002

BIRTH, Issue 3 2004
Andrea Linton MS
This finding suggests that other maternal factors may explain the elevated rates. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of specific chronic diseases identified as risk factors for complications during pregnancy, labor, and delivery, and to explore the strength of each disease to predict a cesarean outcome. Methods: United States military hospital discharge records from 1999 to 2002 for singleton births to women without a previous cesarean were used to calculate primary cesarean and chronic disease rates for diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, renal disease, anemia, asthma, sexually transmitted diseases, and substance abuse. Stepwise logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios for dichotomized race and chronic disease indicators for five maternal age groups using the,2difference(p < 0.05) to identify significant variables for inclusion in the model. Primary cesarean delivery rates were then adjusted for the presence of chronic diseases that were significantly associated with a cesarean outcome. Results: Diabetes, genital herpes, and hypertension were significant predictors of cesarean use among all maternal age groups. Cardiovascular disease, renal disease, asthma, and anemia were predictors in some age groups. The remaining disease conditions were not significant predictors for cesarean delivery. Adjustment of cesarean rates for these chronic diseases did not significantly alter the differences in primary cesarean rates for black and Asian mothers relative to white mothers. Conclusions: The presence of certain chronic conditions before pregnancy may increase the likelihood that a woman will deliver by cesarean section. Adjustment of cesarean rates for the presence of these chronic diseases, however, does not account for the difference in cesarean rates observed for white and minority mothers in the study population. The potential for underreporting of chronic diseases complicates a true assessment of the impact of chronic disease on cesarean delivery rate variations between white and minority women. [source]