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Wedge Biopsies (wedge + biopsy)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Characterization of human liver dendritic cells in liver grafts and perfusates

LIVER TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 3 2006
Brenda M. Bosma
It is generally accepted that donor myeloid dendritic cells (MDC) are the main instigators of acute rejection after organ transplantation. The aim of the present study was to characterize MDC in human donor livers using liver grafts and perfusates as a source. Perfusates were collected during ex vivo vascular perfusion of liver grafts pretransplantation. MDC, visualized in wedge biopsies by immunohistochemistry with anti-BDCA-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb), were predominantly observed in the portal fields. Liver MDC, isolated from liver wedge biopsies, had an immature phenotype with a low expression of CD80 and CD83. Perfusates were collected from 20 grafts; perfusate mononuclear cells (MNC) contained 1.5% (range, 0.3-6.6%) MDC with a viability of 97 ± 2%. Perfusates were a rich source of hepatic MDC since 0.9 × 106 (range, 0.11-4.5 × 106) MDC detached from donor livers during vascular perfusion pretransplantation. Perfusate MDC were used to further characterize hepatic MDC. Perfusate MDC expressed less DC-LAMP (P = 0.000), CD80 (P = 0.000), CD86 (P = 0.003), and CCR7 (P = 0.014) than mature hepatic lymph node (LN) MDC, and similar CD86 (P = 0.140) and CCR7 (P = 0.262) as and more DC-LAMP (P = 0.007) and CD80 (P = 0.002) than immature blood MDC. Perfusate MDC differed from blood MDC in producing significantly higher amounts of interleukin (IL)-10 in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and in being able to stimulate allogeneic T-cell proliferation. In conclusion, human donor livers contain exclusively immature MDC that detach in high numbers from the liver graft during pretransplantation perfusion. These viable MDC have the capacity to stimulate allogeneic T-cells, and thus may represent a major player in the induction of acute rejection. Liver Transpl 12: 384,393, 2006. © 2006 AASLD. [source]

Monocytic fasciitis: A newly recognized clinical feature of tumor necrosis factor receptor dysfunction

ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 8 2002
Keith M. Hull
Tumor necrosis factor receptor,associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) is a dominantly inherited autoinflammatory syndrome that results from mutations in TNFRSF1A, the gene that encodes the 55-kd tumor necrosis factor receptor. Clinically, patients present with recurrent episodes of fever in conjunction with localized inflammation at various sites. Myalgia is one of the most characteristic features of this syndrome and is frequently associated with an overlying erythematous, macular rash that, together with the myalgia, displays centrifugal migration. This has previously been believed to occur as a result of myositis. We describe herein the case of a 60-year-old man with TRAPS, in whom magnetic resonance imaging of the left thigh demonstrated edematous changes in the muscle compartments and surrounding soft tissues. A full-thickness wedge biopsy was performed, and hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry analysis of the specimen demonstrated normal myofibrils but a severely destructive monocytic fasciitis. These results suggest that the myalgia experienced by individuals with TRAPS is due to a monocytic fasciitis and not to myositis. [source]

Testicular tissue bleeding as an indicator of gonadal salvageability in testicular torsion surgery

BJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2001
I.S. Arda
Objective To investigate the reliability of using bleeding from the cut surface of testicular tissue during surgery for testicular torsion to assess testicular viability, compared with the duration of symptoms and preoperative findings on testicular Doppler ultrasonography (DUS). Patients and methods The study comprised 19 children with testicular torsion who underwent surgery; all underwent DUS before surgery. During surgery the tunica vaginalis of the affected gonad was incised and a deep incision made through the medulla after obtaining a wedge biopsy for histological examination. After waiting up to 10 min to assess any fresh arterial bleeding from the cut surface, the patients were categorized using three grades; grade I (sufficient bleeding, i.e. bleeding or oozing when the biopsy was obtained); grade II (insufficient bleeding, no bleeding immediately after the incision but starting within 10 min); and grade III (no bleeding within 10 min). The final surgical decision on whether to save the testis was made according to the grade of testicular tissue bleeding; grade I and II testes were saved and grade III testes were removed. The biopsies were histopathologically examined and classified as haemorrhagic, necrotic or indeterminate. The patients were followed up at 15 days and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months, with the affected testis examined using DUS. At the end of the study, the sensitivity and specificity of the duration of symptoms, characteristics of blood flow on DUS and grading of testicular tissue bleeding at surgery were calculated for predicting testis viability, using the histopathological diagnosis as the reference standard. Results The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were respectively 100%, 90%, 90% and 100% for a duration of symptoms of > 10 h, 78%, 80%, 78% and 80% for DUS findings, and 100%, 78%, 83% and 100% for testicular tissue bleeding in predicting gonad viability after torsion, respectively. Conclusion Although the 10 h limit for the duration of symptoms seems a more accurate predictor of the fate of a twisted testis than were the other variables, testicular tissue bleeding may also be a good indicator of gonadal viability during surgery. The surgeon should wait up to 10 min after incising the testicular tissue deep to the medulla before deciding the type of surgery. In cases where bleeding from the cut surface is sufficient or insufficient (according to the proposed grading system), orchidopexy is the treatment of choice. The salvaged testes should be assessed during follow-up, especially in those who had had insufficient bleeding at surgery and/or a duration of symptoms > 10 h, to assess for any delayed damage to the untwisted testis. If no bleeding is seen during surgery the best option is to remove the affected testis. [source]