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Bell
Terms modified by Bell Selected AbstractsFRAMING THE HUMAN CONDITION: THE EXISTENTIAL DILEMMA IN IRIS MURDOCH'S THE BELL AND MURIEL SPARK'S ROBINSONTHE HEYTHROP JOURNAL, Issue 5 2007MICHAEL GIFFIN One of the features of modernist and postmodernist novels is the way they interrogate classical metaphysics, in the spirit of what Habermas calls post-metaphysical thinking, otherwise known as the post-Enlightenment critique of the Enlightenment. As a literary prism, post-metaphysical thinking is not anti-metaphysical: it conducts its interrogation and still accommodates both secular and religious frames. Iris Murdoch and Muriel Spark are often compared but they interrogate classical metaphysics from different perspectives and for different purposes. In the nineteen-fifties, Murdoch was an aspiring philosophical author who treated classical metaphysics as a canon of influential myth, while Spark was an aspiring theological author who had recently converted to Catholicism. Through a reading of The Bell and Robinson, both published in the same year, this article describes how the young Murdoch and Spark do what emerging literary authors of the nineteen-fifties were expected to do: frame the human condition and reflect on its existential dilemma. With their different perspectives they both write within the same paradigm, or theory of mind; against symbolic backgrounds, and among significant dialogues, they make use of similar tropes. But Murdoch and Spark arrive at opposite positions on the relationship between imagination and reality, between logos and mythos, and ultimately on the nature of freedom and contingency. [source] François Mitterrand By David S. BellHISTORY, Issue 305 2007ROBERT GILDEA No abstract is available for this article. [source] Spatial independent component analysis of functional MRI time-series: To what extent do results depend on the algorithm used?HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING, Issue 3 2002Fabrizio Esposito Abstract Independent component analysis (ICA) has been successfully employed to decompose functional MRI (fMRI) time-series into sets of activation maps and associated time-courses. Several ICA algorithms have been proposed in the neural network literature. Applied to fMRI, these algorithms might lead to different spatial or temporal readouts of brain activation. We compared the two ICA algorithms that have been used so far for spatial ICA (sICA) of fMRI time-series: the Infomax (Bell and Sejnowski [1995]: Neural Comput 7:1004,1034) and the Fixed-Point (Hyvärinen [1999]: Adv Neural Inf Proc Syst 10:273,279) algorithms. We evaluated the Infomax- and Fixed Point-based sICA decompositions of simulated motor, and real motor and visual activation fMRI time-series using an ensemble of measures. Log-likelihood (McKeown et al. [1998]: Hum Brain Mapp 6:160,188) was used as a measure of how significantly the estimated independent sources fit the statistical structure of the data; receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and linear correlation analyses were used to evaluate the algorithms' accuracy of estimating the spatial layout and the temporal dynamics of simulated and real activations; cluster sizing calculations and an estimation of a residual gaussian noise term within the components were used to examine the anatomic structure of ICA components and for the assessment of noise reduction capabilities. Whereas both algorithms produced highly accurate results, the Fixed-Point outperformed the Infomax in terms of spatial and temporal accuracy as long as inferential statistics were employed as benchmarks. Conversely, the Infomax sICA was superior in terms of global estimation of the ICA model and noise reduction capabilities. Because of its adaptive nature, the Infomax approach appears to be better suited to investigate activation phenomena that are not predictable or adequately modelled by inferential techniques. Hum. Brain Mapping 16:146,157, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Invited reaction: Informal learning and the transfer of learning: How managers develop proficiencyHUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT QUARTERLY, Issue 4 2003Victoria J. Marsick Enos, Kehrhahn, and Bell have made an important contribution to measuring informal learning and its transfer as proficiency in a set of company-identified managerial skills. Measurement of informal learning is at the crux of research that seeks to link learning outcomes to other indicators of effective performance. The ability to show how informal learning affects managerial proficiency also would help practitioners build a better business case for planning and supporting informal learning. A drawback to the research methodology employed in this study is reliance on self-report, which the authors note but do not fully discuss. Questions also arise about the nature of skills measured and the nature of managerial work in what appears to be a period of transition in the company they examined. I conclude with some thoughts on alternative lenses for considering implications for practice. [source] Minimizing shell-and-tube heat exchanger cost with genetic algorithms and considering maintenanceINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH, Issue 9 2007Philippe Wildi-Tremblay Abstract This paper presents a procedure for minimizing the cost of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on genetic algorithms (GA). The global cost includes the operating cost (pumping power) and the initial cost expressed in terms of annuities. Eleven design variables associated with shell-and-tube heat exchanger geometries are considered: tube pitch, tube layout patterns, number of tube passes, baffle spacing at the centre, baffle spacing at the inlet and outlet, baffle cut, tube-to-baffle diametrical clearance, shell-to-baffle diametrical clearance, tube bundle outer diameter, shell diameter, and tube outer diameter. Evaluations of the heat exchangers performances are based on an adapted version of the Bell,Delaware method. Pressure drops constraints are included in the procedure. Reliability and maintenance due to fouling are taken into account by restraining the coefficient of increase of surface into a given interval. Two case studies are presented. Results show that the procedure can properly and rapidly identify the optimal design for a specified heat transfer process. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Review of studies and guidelines on fasting and procedural sedation at the emergency departmentINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE BASED HEALTHCARE, Issue 2 2010Joseph Antonio D Molina MD MSc(Public Health) Abstract Aim, Procedural sedation and analgesia allows urgent procedures to be performed safely by preserving patients' airway reflexes. Fasting, which is required before deeper levels of sedation, and where the airway reflexes are not preserved, is difficult to impose in emergencies. This paper aims to synthesise evidence on the need for pre-procedure fasting to minimise aspiration among adults undergoing procedural sedation and analgesia for emergency procedures. Methods, Overviews, guidelines with graded recommendations and primary studies on aspiration and pre-procedure fasting in procedural sedation and analgesia were retrieved from Medline, Cochrane, and Center for Reviews and Dissemination Databases. Terms searched were procedural sedation, fasting, emergency and sedation. Results, One primary study and one guideline were included. The American College of Emergency Physicians Clinical Policies Subcommittee on Procedural Sedation and Analgesia issued a recommendation based on ,preliminary, inconclusive or conflicting evidence, or on panel consensus'. The recommendation states: ,recent food intake is not a contraindication for administering procedural sedation and analgesia . . .'. The primary study conducted by Bell in an emergency department in Australia compared patients who last ate or drank more than 6 and 2 h from induction, respectively, with those who last ate or drank within 6 and 2 h. There were no cases of aspiration in both groups. Out of 118 patients who fasted, 1 (0.8%) vomited, as did one of 282 patients (0.4%) who did not fast. Conclusions, Aspiration risk is expected to be lower in procedural sedation and analgesia than in general anaesthesia. Current guidelines rely on expert consensus due to the lack of primary studies. Contextualisation of existing guidelines are quick and efficient strategies for developing locally relevant tools. [source] Modified version of revised Deutsch,Märk model for electron impact K -shell ionization cross-sections of atoms at relativistic energiesINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY, Issue 7 2009A. K. F. Haque Abstract A simple modification of the revised Deutsch,Märk model (RDM) [Deutsch et al., Int J Mass Spectrom 2004, 233, 13] incorporating both the ionic and relativistic corrections is proposed to investigate the K -shell ionization of 30 atomic targets with atomic numbers Z = 1,92 for incident energies up to 2 GeV. We also revisit our earlier models: modified Bell (MBELL) (Haque et al., Phys Rev A 2006, 73, 012708) and modified Kolbenstvedt (MKLV) (Uddin et al., Eur Phys J D 2006, 37, 361), for the K -shell ionization cross sections at these ultra-relativistic energies. The results from the modified version of RDM (MRDM), MBELL, and MKLV models agree well with the available experimental data and quantum mechanical calculations. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2009 [source] Common Risk Factors Versus a Mispricing Factor of Tokyo Stock Exchange Firms: Inquiries into the Fundamental Value Derived from Analyst Earnings Forecasts,INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF FINANCE, Issue 3 2009KEIICHI KUBOTA ABSTRACT We search for common factors and/or a mispricing factor for Tokyo Stock Exchange firms. We utilize the Edwards,Bell,Ohlson model to compute the firms' fundamental value and divide this value by the firms' market price to construct a new variable called a ,value-to-price ratio' (VPR). We find that this VPR variable can generate abnormal returns even after adjusting for the risk factors related to portfolio style differences. To find out whether it is indeed a risk factor or simply a characteristic, we construct return difference portfolios of the high VPR stocks minus the low value-to-price stocks and call this portfolio the upward-forecast minus downward-forecast (UMD) factor. Fama and MacBeth test indicate that the risk premium for this UMD factor is positive. The best model in terms of the adjusted R2 value is the four-factor model in which the UMD factor is added to the Fama and French three factors. GMM Euler condition tests reveal that the UMD factor helps to price assets and that the four-factor model is not rejected. We conclude the VPR variable contains new information content that is not contained in the conventional Fama and French's three factors. [source] K. P. Bell, K. J. Boyle and J. Rubin (eds.): Economics of Rural Land-Use ChangeJOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, Issue 2 2007Cesar L. Revoredo Giha No abstract is available for this article. [source] Is a School-Based Physical Activity Intervention Effective for Increasing Tibial Bone Strength in Boys and Girls?,JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Issue 3 2007Heather M Macdonald Abstract This 16-month randomized, controlled school-based study compared change in tibial bone strength between 281 boys and girls participating in a daily program of physical activity (Action Schools! BC) and 129 same-sex controls. The simple, pragmatic intervention increased distal tibia bone strength in prepubertal boys; it had no effect in early pubertal boys or pre or early pubertal girls. Introduction: Numerous school-based exercise interventions have proven effective for enhancing BMC, but none have used pQCT to evaluate the effects of increased loading on bone strength during growth. Thus, our aim was to determine whether a daily program of physical activity, Action Schools! BC (AS! BC) would improve tibial bone strength in boys and girls who were pre- (Tanner stage 1) or early pubertal (Tanner stage 2 or 3) at baseline. Materials and Methods: Ten schools were randomized to intervention (INT, 7 schools) or control (CON, 3 schools). The bone-loading component of AS! BC included a daily jumping program (Bounce at the Bell) plus 15 minutes/day of classroom physical activity in addition to regular physical education. We used pQCT to compare 16-month change in bone strength index (BSI, mg2/mm4) at the distal tibia (8% site) and polar strength strain index (SSIp, mm3) at the tibial midshaft (50% site) in 281 boys and girls participating in AS! BC and 129 same-sex controls. We used a linear mixed effects model to analyze our data. Results: Children were 10.2 ± 0.6 years at baseline. Intervention boys tended to have a greater increase in BSI (+774.6 mg2/mm4; 95% CI: 672.7, 876.4) than CON boys (+650.9 mg2/mm4; 95% CI: 496.4, 805.4), but the difference was only significant in prepubertal boys (p = 0.03 for group × maturity interaction). Intervention boys also tended to have a greater increase in SSIp (+198.6 mm3; 95% CI: 182.9, 214.3) than CON boys (+177.1 mm3; 95% CI: 153.5, 200.7). Change in BSI and SSIp was similar between CON and INT girls. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that a simple, pragmatic program of daily activity enhances bone strength at the distal tibia in prepubertal boys. The precise exercise prescription needed to elicit a similar response in more mature boys or in girls might be best addressed in a dose,response trial. [source] When Production and Consumption Meet: Cultural Contradictions and the Enchanting Myth of Customer SovereigntyJOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, Issue 4 2004Marek Korczynski ABSTRACT The central cultural contradiction of capitalism, argued Bell some 25 years ago, was the existence of rationalized, disciplined production alongside free and hedonistic consumption. This paper argues that this thesis, although overstated, has resonance within contemporary capitalism. The paper then considers the question of how this contradiction is managed when production and consumption meet directly within the service interaction. On the production-side rationalization is joined by customer-orientation, and on the consumption-side management promotes consumption of the enchanting myth of sovereignty. Here the customer is meant to experience a sense of being sovereign. At the same time the space is created for the customer to be, potentially, substantively directed and influenced to follow the requirements that flow from the rationalized elements of production. Key aspects of the service interaction, including the menu and its presentation, the display of empathy and aesthetic labour, and the use of naming within the service interaction, are analysed in terms of the promotion of the enchanting myth of sovereignty. Consumption, however, is a fragile process, and remains, to an important degree, ,unmanageable'. The analysis, therefore, also examines how the promotion of the enchanting myth of sovereignty systematically creates the conditions for the myth's negation. [source] CFD modeling of flow patterns and hydraulics of commercial-scale sieve traysAICHE JOURNAL, Issue 4 2003Getye Gesit A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was used to predict the flow patterns and hydraulics of a commercial-scale sieve tray. The model considers the 3-D two-phase flow of gas and liquid in which each phase is treated as an interpenetrating continuum having separate transport equations. Interaction between the two phases occurs via an interphase momentum transfer. For the CFD analysis, the commercial packages CFX5.4 and CFX4.4 of AEA Technology were employed. Velocity distributions, clear liquid height, froth height, and liquid holdup fraction in froth were predicted for various combinations of gas and liquid flow rates. Tray geometry and operating conditions were based on the experimental work that Solari and Bell carried out in a 1.22-m diameter air,water simulator in 1986 at Fractionation Research Inc. Predicted results were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data of these authors. The objective of the work was studying the extent to which CFD can be used as a prediction and design tool for industrial trays. The simulation results are such that CFD can be used as an invaluable tool in tray design and analysis. [source] Heavy atom motions and tunneling in hydrogen transfer reactions: the importance of the pre-tunneling stateJOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 7 2010Hans-Heinrich Limbach Abstract Arrhenius curves of selected hydrogen transfer reactions in organic molecules and enzymes are reviewed with the focus on systems exhibiting temperature-independent kinetic isotope effects. The latter can be rationalized in terms of a ,pre-tunneling state' which is formed from the reactants by heavy atom motions and which represents a suitable molecular configuration for tunneling to occur. Within the Bell,Limbach tunneling model, formation of the pre-tunneling state dominates the Arrhenius curves of the H and the D transfer even at higher temperatures if a large energy Em is required to reach the pre-tunneling state. Tunneling from higher vibrational levels and the over-barrier reaction via the transition state which lead to temperature-dependent kinetic isotope effects dominate the Arrhenius curves only if Em is small compared to the energy of the transition state. Using published data on several hydrogen transfer systems, the type of motions leading to the pre-tunneling state is explored. Among the phenomena which lead to large energies of the pre-tunneling state are (i) cleavage of hydrogen bonds or coordination bonds of the donor or acceptor atoms to molecules or molecular groups in order to allow the formation of the pre-tunneling state, (ii) the occurrence of an energetic intermediate on the reaction pathway within which tunneling takes place, and (iii) major reorganization of a molecular skeleton, requiring the excitation of specific vibrations in order to reach the pre-tunneling state. This model suggests a solution to the puzzle of Kwart's findings of temperature-independent kinetic isotope effects for hydrogen transfer in small organic molecules. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Mosaic identity and style: Phonological variation among Reform American Jews1JOURNAL OF SOCIOLINGUISTICS, Issue 2 2006Erez Levon Scholars of American Judaism have argued that American Jews are losing their sense of a distinctive Jewish identity, and the cultural practices concomitant with that identity. This general attrition has resulted in what many label the mosaic identity of American Jews, whereby multiple group affiliations exist in tandem and in conflict. Utilizing a reworked framework of language style (based on Bell 1984, 2001), I demonstrate how the claim that Jewish-affiliated practice is compartmentalized and relegated only to specifically Jewish contexts is supported through an examination of the variable pronunciation of word-final /t/. This paper illustrates the ways in which quantitative and qualitative analyses can work together to create a more developed picture of Reform American Judaism. [source] From the lonely crowd to the cultural contradictions of capitalism and beyond: The shifting ground of liberal narrativesJOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES, Issue 1 2004Joseph Galbo This paper investigates how key social issues related to American culture, social character, and politics are addressed in the work of two of America's leading liberal sociologists, David Riesman and Daniel Bell. It maps out the trajectory of Riesman's and Bell's early contributions to a critique of mass society in post-war America, as well as Bell's later formulation of "liberalism in crisis" and his assessment of culture in The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism. This analysis pays particular attention to the intellectual, biographical, and social settings that helped to shape the often conflicting ideas of each thinker, and examines the discursive shifts within liberal thinking as it attempted to explain and deal with perceived new social crises from the 1950s to the present. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] A tyrannosaur jaw bitten by a confamilial: scavenging or fatal agonism?LETHAIA, Issue 2 2010PHIL R. BELL Bell, P.R. & Currie, P.J. 2009: A tyrannosaur jaw bitten by a confamilial: scavenging or fatal agonism?. Lethaia, Vol. 43, pp. 278,281. A partial dentary of an adult tyrannosaur from the Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada, preserves the embedded tooth of another tyrannosaur within the bone. The specimen's incompleteness precludes generic identification of either the jaw or the embedded tooth, although Gorgosaurus and/or Daspletosaurus are most likely given the stratigraphic position. The absence of healing around the lesion indicates the bite took place either post-mortem or within weeks prior to the death of this animal. A post-mortem bite can be explained by confamilial or cannibalistic scavenging. Alternatively, the bite would represent a perimortem instance of intrafamilial aggression that may have resulted in the death of that animal. An estimated 6053N of bite force was required to produce the bite mark. This specimen provides the best evidence for aggressive peri- or post-mortem confamilial interaction among tyrannosaurs and corroborates previous studies based on inferred tooth marks. ,Alberta, behaviour, Campanian, Cretaceous, Dinosaur Park Formation, Theropoda, Tyrannosauridae. [source] A kinetic approach to cosmic-ray-induced streaming instability at supernova shocksMONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, Issue 4 2009E. Amato ABSTRACT We show that a purely kinetic approach to the excitation of waves by cosmic rays in the vicinity of a shock front leads to predict the appearance of a non-Alfvénic fast-growing mode which has the same dispersion relation as that previously found by Bell in 2004 by treating the plasma in the magnetohydrodynamic approximation. The kinetic approach allows us to investigate the dependence of the dispersion relation of these waves on the microphysics of the current which compensates the cosmic ray flow. We also show that a resonant and a non-resonant mode may appear at the same time and one of the two may become dominant on the other depending on the conditions in the acceleration region. We discuss the role of the unstable modes for magnetic field amplification and particle acceleration in supernova remnants at different stages of the remnant evolution. [source] Descriptions of Cervical Dystonia by Sir Charles BellMOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 3 2010Pedro Gonzalez-Alegre MD Abstract Sir Charles Bell is better known among neurologists for his descriptions of the clinical consequences of facial nerve lesions. However, as an accomplished physician, anatomist, and artist, he made many other contributions to the fields of neurology and neuroscience. Among those, his descriptions of patients with what we now know as cervical dystonia have not received much attention. In this report, Bell's depictions of patients presenting with a syndrome consistent with cervical dystonia will be discussed, including the identification of many of the different clinical features we currently use for the diagnosis of this disorder and his thoughts about its pathogenesis. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society [source] Cultivar preference exhibited by two sympatric and genetically distinct populations of the soybean fungal pathogen Phialophora gregata f.sp. sojaePLANT PATHOLOGY, Issue 2 2005X. Meng Phialophora gregata f.sp. sojae, a soilborne vascular pathogen causing brown stem rot of soybean, has been divided into A and B populations based on variation in the intergenic spacer region of nuclear rDNA (rDNA marker). The A and B populations correlate with defoliating and nondefoliating pathotypes, respectively. In this study, eight additional polymorphic anonymous marker loci (five inter simple sequence repeat loci and three long-primer random amplified polymorphic DNA loci) were identified and applied to a total of 189 isolates. Alleles of these eight loci were invariant within, but different between the A and B populations, providing further evidence that the rDNA marker identifies genetically distinct populations. The two populations were sympatric, residing not only in the same field, but also in the same plants under field conditions. Representative strains of the two populations, when used individually in inoculations, infected both resistant cv. Bell and susceptible cv. Sturdy. However, when the same representatives of the two populations were mixed in a 1 : 1 ratio and used as a mixed inoculum in a competitive bioassay, differential cultivar preference was revealed using PCR detection of populations in infected plants. Population A was detected significantly more often (18 out of 24 plants) in the susceptible cv. Sturdy, whereas population B was detected significantly more often (17 out of 24 plants) in the resistant cv. Bell, corroborating earlier field studies. This is the first controlled experiment to demonstrate a differential host preference of P. gregata f.sp. sojae toward different cultivars of the same host species. Unification of terminologies used in P. gregata f.sp. sojae is discussed. [source] Catching the Dog's Own Tail: An Essay in Honor of Catherine BellRELIGIOUS STUDIES REVIEW, Issue 3 2010David A. Hogue First page of article [source] Dr. Joe Bell: Model for Sherlock Holmes , By Ely M. LiebowTHE HISTORIAN, Issue 1 2010Maureen Moran No abstract is available for this article. [source] A new look at Bell's inequalities and Nelson's theoremANNALEN DER PHYSIK, Issue 4 2009B. Schulz Abstract In 1985, Edward Nelson, who formulated the theory of stochastic mechanics, made an interesting remark about Bell's theorem. Nelson analysed the latter in the light of classical fields that behave randomly. He found that if a stochastic hidden variable theory fulfils certain conditions, the inequality of Bell can be violated. Moreover, Nelson was able to prove that this may happen without any instantaneous communication between the two spatially separated measurement stations. Since Nelson's article got almost overlooked by physicists, we try to review his comments on the theorem. We argue that a modification of stochastic mechanics published recently by Fritsche and Haugk can be extended to a theory which fulfils the requirements of Nelson's analysis. The article proceeds to derive the quantum mechanical formalism of spinning particles and the Pauli equation from this version of stochastic mechanics. Then, we investigate Bohm's version of the EPR experiment. Additionally, other setups, like entanglement swapping or time and position correlations, are shortly explained from the viewpoint of our local hidden-variable model. Finally, we mention that this theory could perhaps be relativistically extended and useful for the formulation of quantum mechanics in curved space-times. [source] Urban Otaku: Electric Lighting and the NoctambulistARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Issue 5 2009John Culmer Bell Abstract Street lighting extends the life of the city far beyond nightfall, perpetuating the day's activities while also making the metropolis a hub for leisure and entertainment. What if, however, it was necessary to curtail the use of electric lighting to conserve energy and to limit the impact of global warming? John Culmer Bell, founder of FXV, a studio concerned with researching the potential of new technologies and media in design, looks at how significant the lumination of the city is for urban culture. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Mediating Generation: the mother,daughter plotART HISTORY, Issue 1 2002Lisa Tickner Virginia Woolf famously claimed that: ,We think back through our mothers if we are women, and yet feminine creativity required the murder of the Angel in the House. Woolf and her sister Vanessa Bell could square this circle by drawing on Julia Margaret Cameron's photographs of their mother , her niece and namesake , as a way of memorializing her while staking a claim to a specifically matrilineal artistic heritage. For Harold Bloom, on the other hand, generation is a matter of oedipal rivalry and ,creative misreading,. The ,anxiety of influence,, successfully negotiated, ensures the fertility of a vigorous, patrilineal genealogy. While it is much too tidy to propose a different genealogy for feminine creativity (women mis-read their fathers and struggle with their brothers too), it is important to note that women artists have grown up for the first time in the twentieth century in a landscape of actual as well as elective artist , mothers, and that this is in itself ,generative, and has contributed to their ability to produce new forms of public and monumental art. This paper explores the relevance of Woolf's and Bloom's arguments, among others, to an understanding of the patterns of inheritance and affiliation productive for women artists, with particular reference to the work of Rachel Whiteread. [source] Rethinking Governance: The Centrality of the State in Modern Society by Stephen Bell and Andrew HindmoorAUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, Issue 1 2010Michael Keating First page of article [source] Edge-roundness of boulders of Torridonian Sandstone (northwest Scotland): applications for relative dating and implications for warm and cold climate weathering ratesBOREAS, Issue 2 2010MARTIN P. KIRKBRIDE Kirkbride, M.P. & Bell, C.M. 2009: Edge-roundness of boulders of Torridonian Sandstone (northwest Scotland): applications for relative dating and implications for warm and cold climate weathering rates. Boreas, 10.1111/j. 1502-3885.2009.00131.x. ISSN 0300-9483. The relative ages of late Quaternary morainic and rock avalanche deposits on Late Precambrian Torridonian Sandstone are determined from the characteristic edge-roundness of constituent boulders. Because weathering of sandstone is manifest as edge-rounding by granular disintegration, a relative chronology can be derived by measuring the effective radii of curvature of a sample of boulder edges. Thirteen samples totalling 597 individual boulder edges fall into two statistically distinct groups. Moraines of inferred Younger Dryas age (12.9,11.5 kyr BP) are distinguished from moraines of the Wester Ross Re-advance (,14.0 kyr BP). One moraine previously assumed to be of Younger Dryas age is reassigned to the older group. The method allows spatial extrapolation of deposit ages from dated sites where lithological and sampling criteria are met. Calculated rates of edge-rounding imply that granular disintegration was several times more rapid during cold stadial climates than during the Holocene. Used as a proxy for boulder ,erosion rate', this indicates that surface loss of grains in glacial climates exceeds that during interglacials by a factor of 2,5, with implications for the calculation of exposure ages from cosmogenic nuclides. [source] Doing your research project , Judith, BellBRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY, Issue 5 2006Article first published online: 4 JUL 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] From the lonely crowd to the cultural contradictions of capitalism and beyond: The shifting ground of liberal narrativesJOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES, Issue 1 2004Joseph Galbo This paper investigates how key social issues related to American culture, social character, and politics are addressed in the work of two of America's leading liberal sociologists, David Riesman and Daniel Bell. It maps out the trajectory of Riesman's and Bell's early contributions to a critique of mass society in post-war America, as well as Bell's later formulation of "liberalism in crisis" and his assessment of culture in The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism. This analysis pays particular attention to the intellectual, biographical, and social settings that helped to shape the often conflicting ideas of each thinker, and examines the discursive shifts within liberal thinking as it attempted to explain and deal with perceived new social crises from the 1950s to the present. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Organic matter from comet 81P/Wild 2, IDPs, and carbonaceous meteorites; similarities and differencesMETEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE, Issue 10 2009S. Wirick Sections were analyzed using a scanning transmission X-ray microscope (SXTM) and carbon X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra were collected. We compared the carbon XANES spectra of these Wild 2 samples with a database of spectra on thirty-four interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) and with several meteorites. Two of the particles analyzed are iron sulfides and there is evidence that an aliphatic compound associated with these particles can survive high temperatures. An iron sulfide from an IDP demonstrates the same phenomenon. Another, mostly carbon free containing particle radiation damaged, something we have not observed in any IDPs we have analyzed or any indigenous organic matter from the carbonaceous meteorites, Tagish Lake, Orgueil, Bells and Murchison. The carbonaceous material associated with this particle showed no mass loss during the initial analysis but chemically changed over a period of two months. The carbon XANES spectra of the other four particles varied more than spectra from IDPs and indigenous organic matter from meteorites. Comparison of the carbon XANES spectra from these particles with 1. the carbon XANES spectra from thirty-four IDPs (<15 micron in size) and 2. the carbon XANES spectra from carbonaceous material from the Tagish Lake, Orgueil, Bells, and Murchison meteorites show that 81P/Wild 2 carbon XANES spectra are more similar to IDP carbon XANES spectra then to the carbon XANES spectra of meteorites. [source] Chick limbs with mouse teeth: An effective in vivo culture system for tooth germ development and analysisDEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS, Issue 1 2003Eiki Koyama Abstract Mouse tooth germ development is currently studied by three main approaches: in wild-type and mutant mouse lines, after transplantation of tooth germs to ectopic sites, and in organ culture. The in vivo approaches are the most physiological but do not provide accessibility to tooth germs for further experimental manipulation. Organ cultures, although readily accessible, do not sustain full tooth germ development and are appropriate for short-term analysis. Thus, we sought to establish a new approach that would combine experimental accessibility with sustained development. We implanted fragments of embryonic day 12 mouse embryo first branchial arch containing early bud stage tooth germs into the lateral mesenchyme of day 4,5 chick embryo wing buds in ovo. Eggs were reincubated, and implanted tissues were examined by histochemistry and in situ hybridization over time. The tooth germs underwent seemingly normal growth, differentiation, and morphogenesis. They reached the cap, bell, and crown stages in approximately 3, 6, and 10 days, respectively, mimicking in a striking manner native temporal patterns. To examine mechanisms regulating tooth germ development, we first implanted tooth germ fragments, microinjected them with neutralizing antibodies to the key signaling molecule Sonic hedgehog (Shh), and examined them over time. Tooth germ development was markedly delayed, as revealed by poor morphogenesis and lack of mature ameloblasts and odontoblasts displaying characteristic traits such as an elongated cell shape, nuclear relocalization, and amelogenin gene expression. These phenotypic changes began to be reversed upon further incubation. The data show that the limb bud represents an effective, experimentally accessible as well as economical system for growth and analysis of developing tooth germs. The inhibitory effects of Shh neutralizing antibody treatment are discussed in relation to roles of this signaling pathway proposed by this and other groups previously. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||