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Visual Aura (visual + aura)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Brain Apparent Water Diffusion Coefficient Magnetic Resonance Image During a Prolonged Visual Aura

HEADACHE, Issue 6 2010
Robert Belvís MD
(Headache 2010;50:1045-1049) Background., Reversible changes in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) weighted in diffusion-weighted images (DWI) and apparent water diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps have been reported in acute stroke, epilepsy, eclampsia, and hypoglycemia, but they are contradictory regarding to migraine aura. Objective., A 41-year-old woman with known basilar migraine for 5 years consulted about a persistent visual aura (visual snow phenomenon) plus bilateral paresthesias in the extremities for 4 days. The headache was treated with success with 10 mg of wafer rizatriptan and 600 mg of ibuprophen. Methods., The neurologic and ophthalmologic examination were normal. An urgent brain MRI detected no lesions in T1, T2, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, and DWI, but an abnormal signal appeared in the left occipital lobe in ADC and (r)ADC maps. The brain MRI angiography, carotid ultrasound study, transesophageal echocardiography, 24-hour cardiac Holter monitoring, and thrombophilia study were normal. Results., A new brain MRI 8 days after did not show any previous lesion in the same sequences. Conclusions., We present a patient with migraine and transitory abnormal signals in the ADC map of an occipital region during persistent visual aura. The clinical-radiological relationship is congruent. Some similar cases have showed these MRI signals during the aura, suggesting cytotoxic edema, without ischemic lesions in the MRI controls. Theses ADC images probably appear in complex auras. [source]

Paroxysmal Hemicrania With Visual Aura in a 17-Year-Old Boy

HEADACHE, Issue 4 2009
Stefan Seidel MD
We report the case of a 17-year-old boy presenting with a history of recurrent episodes of isolated visual aura later followed infrequently by indomethacin-responsive headache attacks resembling paroxysmal hemicrania. [source]

Predictive Clinical Factors for the Differential Diagnosis of Childhood Extratemporal Seizures

EPILEPSIA, Issue 8 2005
András Fogarasi
Summary:,Purpose: To describe predictive clinical factors for the differentiation between childhood frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) and posterior cortex epilepsy (PCE). Methods: Two independent, blinded investigators analyzed 177 seizures from 35 children (aged 11 months to 12 years) with extratemporal epilepsy selected by postoperative seizure-free outcome. Semiologic seizure components and different periictal signs were observed. Age at onset, auras, seizure frequency, and nocturnal dominance, as well as surgical and histopathologic data, were collected from medical charts. Results: Twenty patients had FLE, and 15 had PCE. Patients from both groups had daily seizures without significant differences in frequency but with higher nocturnal dominance in children with FLE (p < 0.05). Visual aura, nystagmus, and versive seizure were observed exclusively in the PCE group, whereas somatosensory aura and hypermotor seizures appeared only in FLE. Tonic seizures were significantly more frequent in FLE (p < 0.01), whereas the presence of clonic seizure (FLE; p = 0.07) and postictal nose-wiping (PCE; p = 0.05) showed only a trend to localize the seizure-onset zone. Myoclonic seizures, epileptic spasms, psychomotor seizures, atonic seizures, oral and manual automatisms, as well as vocalization and eye deviation appeared in both groups without significant differences in their frequency. Conclusions: Characteristic features described in adults' extratemporal epilepsies were frequently missing during childhood seizures, especially in infants and preschool children. Ictal features help only a little in differentiating childhood FLE from PCE. Nocturnal appearance and the type of aura have high localizing value; therefore an accurate history taking is still an essential element of pediatric presurgical evaluation. [source]

Brain Apparent Water Diffusion Coefficient Magnetic Resonance Image During a Prolonged Visual Aura

Paroxysmal Hemicrania With Visual Aura in a 17-Year-Old Boy

Transformation Into Daily Migraine With Aura Following Transcutaneous Atrial Septal Defect Closure

HEADACHE, Issue 5 2003
A. E. Yankovsky MD
A link between migraine with aura and cardiac right-to-left shunting has been previously reported. Abortion or decreased frequency of migraine with aura attacks after atrial septal defect closure has been reported in the literature. We report the first case of transformation of migraine with aura into a daily pattern after atrial septal defect closure. A 48-year-old male who had been suffering from rather infrequent attacks of migraine with sensory and visual aura underwent transcutaneous closure of an atrial septal defect. His migraine attacks changed into a daily pattern the day following the procedure and remained so for 6 months. This change in pattern may be related to a changed intra-atrial pressure after the closure or some other unknown factor. [source]

Parietal Lobe Epilepsy: The Semiology, Yield of Diagnostic Workup, and Surgical Outcome

EPILEPSIA, Issue 6 2004
Dong Wook Kim
Summary: Purpose: To characterize the clinical features, the prognostic value, and diagnostic sensitivities of various presurgical evaluations and the surgical outcomes in parietal lobe epilepsy (PLE), we describe 40 patients who were diagnosed as having PLE, including 27 surgically treated patients. Methods: The diagnosis was established by means of a standard presurgical evaluation, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fluorodeoxyglucose,positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), ictal single-photon emission tomography (SPECT), and scalp video-electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring, with additional intracranial EEG monitoring in selected cases. Results: Among the 40 patients, 27 experienced at least one type of aura. The most common auras were somatosensory (13 patients), followed by affective, vertiginous, and visual auras. The patients had diverse manifestations. Eighteen patients showed simple motor seizure, followed by automotor seizure, and dialeptic seizure. Two patients manifested generalized tonic,clonic seizures only, and 19 patients experienced more than one type of seizure. The surgical outcome was favorable in 22 of 26 patients including 14 who were seizure free. Patients with localized MRI abnormality had a higher probability to be seizure free, with marginal significance (p = 0.062), whereas other diagnostic modalities failed to predict the surgical outcome. In the seizure-free group, localization sensitivity was 64.3% by MRI, 50% by PET, 45.5% by ictal SPECT, and 35.7% by ictal EEG. The concordance rate of the various diagnostic modalities was higher in the seizure-free group than in the non,seizure-free group, although it did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Seizures, in the case of PLE, can manifest themselves in a wider variety of ways than was previously thought. Surgical outcome was favorable in most of the patients. MRI abnormality and concordance of different diagnostic modalities were associated with high seizure-free rate. [source]