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Vietnam Veterans (vietnam + veteran)
Selected AbstractsVietnam Veterans Three Years after Vietnam: How Our Study Changed Our View of HeroinTHE AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS, Issue 3 2010Lee N. Robins PhD First page of article [source] MMPI-2 profiles of Gulf and Vietnam combat veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorderJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2002D. Michael Glenn The current study examined service era differences in a sample of 172 Gulf and Vietnam outpatient veterans with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Participants completed the MMPI-2 and several additional self-report measures of symptom severity (PTSD, depression, anxiety, hostility, and health complaints). Results indicated that MMPI-2 profiles differed significantly according to service era with Vietnam veterans scoring higher on scales 2, 8, and 0 and lower on scale 9 than did Gulf veterans. Examination of group means derived from parametric analysis of MMPI-2 data suggested a mean two-point code type of 2,8/8,2 for Vietnam veterans and 1,8/8,1 for Gulf veterans. In contrast, when the data were examined using descriptive techniques based on frequency counts of individual MMPI-2 profiles, the most frequently occurring two-point codetype was 7,8/8,7 for Vietnam veterans, and 6,8/8,6 for Gulf veterans. In addition, Gulf veterans reported a greater number of total health complaints than Vietnam veterans, whereas Vietnam veterans reported a greater number of physician-diagnosed physical conditions. Potential advantages of incorporating descriptive approaches versus parametric methods when examining profile data are also presented. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 58: 371,381, 2002. [source] War-related posttraumatic stress disorder in Black, Hispanic, and majority White Vietnam veterans: The roles of exposure and vulnerabilityJOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS, Issue 2 2008Bruce P. Dohrenwend Elevated prevalence rates of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been reported for Black and Hispanic Vietnam veterans. There has been no comprehensive explanation of these group differences. Moreover, previous research has relied on retrospective reports of war-zone stress and on PTSD assessments that fail to distinguish between prevalence and incidence. These limitations are addressed by use of record-based exposure measures and clinical diagnoses of a subsample of veterans from the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study (NVVRS). Compared with Majority White, the Black elevation is explained by Blacks' greater exposure; the Hispanic elevation, by Hispanics' greater exposure, younger age, lesser education, and lower Armed Forces Qualification Test scores. The PTSD elevation in Hispanics versus Blacks is accounted for mainly by Hispanics' younger age. [source] Risk and resilience factors for posttraumatic stress symptomatology in Gulf War I veteransJOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS, Issue 1 2007Dawne S. Vogt What factors distinguish war-exposed veterans who experience posttraumatic stress symptomatology (PTSS) from those who do not? This study used structural equation modeling procedures to examine the complex interplay among predeployment, war-zone, and postdeployment factors as they relate to PTSS in a sample of Gulf War I veterans. A primary goal was to determine to what extent previously documented associations among Vietnam veterans would replicate in this more contemporary veteran cohort. Results supported a multivariate etiological perspective on PTSS, with war-zone factors accounting for the largest proportion of variance in PTSS. The majority of hypothesized associations held, suggesting that the mechanisms underlying PTSS may be similar across veteran cohorts. [source] Patterns of treatment response in chronic posttraumatic stress disorder: An application of latent growth mixture modelingJOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS, Issue 4 2005Peter Elliott This study attempts to differentiate groups of individuals who exhibit different patterns of recovery following treatment for chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and describes these groups in terms of relevant characteristics at program intake. A sample of 2,219 Vietnam veterans who had completed a 12-week treatment program was followed up at 6, 12, and 24 months post admission using self-report measures. With change in PTSD symptoms over time as the focus, latent growth mixture modeling was used to assign individual veterans to subgroups. A three-group solution provided the best account of the data. Two groups showed moderate and consistent improvement over time although the larger group (n = 1,380) began treatment with more PTSD symptoms and improved more quickly over time. The smallest group (n = 87) showed a substantially different trajectory, with almost no net change in symptom levels over the 24-month period. The groups also varied significantly in terms of their characteristics, with symptom severity and improvements over time reflecting greater comorbidity and younger age. The results have both research and clinical implications. [source] A descriptive analysis of PTSD chronicity in Vietnam veteransJOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS, Issue 6 2003Paula P. Schnurr Abstract This study examined the chronicity of PTSD in 530 male and female Vietnam veterans who were drawn from 2 large, ethnically diverse samples. Delayed onset was common, as was a failure to fully remit: 78% of the 239 veterans with full or partial lifetime PTSD were symptomatic in the 3 months prior to assessment. Cluster analysis identified 4 subtypes of posttraumatic response, with women most likely to be in a delayed onset cluster, and minority men most likely to be in a severe chronic cluster. The extent of chronicity observed in this sample underscores the need for treatments that address the persistence of posttraumatic symptoms. [source] Ambulatory monitoring and physical health report in Vietnam veterans with and without chronic posttraumatic stress disorderJOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS, Issue 4 2003Jean C. Beckham Abstract This study investigated the associations among PTSD, ambulatory cardiovascular monitoring, and physical health self-reports in 117 male Vietnam combat veterans (61 with PTSD and 56 without PTSD). PTSD was associated with health symptoms and number of current health conditions beyond the influence of several covariates. PTSD was associated with greater systolic blood pressure variability, and an elevated percentage of heart rate and systolic blood pressure readings above baseline. Higher mean heart rate and an elevated percentage of heart rate above baseline were associated with physical health symptoms. None of the ambulatory monitoring variables mediated the association between PTSD and physical health outcomes. Findings suggest that the interrelationships among ambulatory autonomic responses, PTSD, and physical health deserve more research attention. [source] Examination of predictors of severe violence in combat-exposed Vietnam veteransJOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS, Issue 4 2001Matthew K. Nock Abstract This study examined several proposed predictors of severe wartime violence in a randomly selected, nationally representative sample of 1,125 Vietnam veterans. Participation in severe acts of violence during wartime was reported by 7.6% of the sample. Disruptive behavior before the age of 15 and increased combat exposure were both significant predictors of severe wartime violence. Childhood contextual factors were indirectly related to severe wartime violence via prewar disruptive behavior. The classification rate of perpetrators of severe violence was comparable to rates from studies of less severe forms of violence. The implications of these results and suggestions for future research in this area are discussed. [source] | ||||||||||