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Verbal Behavior (verbal + behavior)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Humanities and Social Sciences	22%

Selected Abstracts

Achieving activity transitions in physician-patient encounters.

HUMAN COMMUNICATION RESEARCH, Issue 2 2001
From history taking to physical examination
This article examines how physicians and patients interactionally accomplish the transition from the activity of history taking to that of physical examination. Prior research focuses on participants' reliance on overt verbal resources (e.g., physicians' requests for permission to examine patients or explanations that foreshadow examination). Using the methodology of conversation analysis, this article draws on a corpus of 40 primary-care encounters to demonstrate that: (a) In addition to verbal behavior, nonverbal behavior is integral to the accomplishment of transitions; and (b) patients' understandings of physicians' verbal and nonverbal behavior as communicating transitions are achieved through situating those behaviors in other contexts of embodied action, talk, activity, and social structure (i.e., the phase structure of encounters). Findings have implications for: (a) the theoretic relationship between verbal and nonverbal behavior in terms of social meaning, (b) what it means to explain transitions and reduce patients' uncertainty, (c) the organization of physician-patient interaction, and (d) the relationship and interface between macro- and microconceptualization of context. [source]

Unexpected but authentic use of an ethnically,marked dialect

JOURNAL OF SOCIOLINGUISTICS, Issue 4 2002
Julie Sweetland
Recent work on language crossing in the U.S. has examined the temporary appropriation of African American Vernacular English by white youth in an effort to participate in the current popularity and prestige of hip,hop culture, or in order to highlight racial boundaries. While such verbal behavior probably encompasses most white use of AAVE, it is not the only way in which whites (or other non,blacks) can use the variety. This paper presents a case study of the language of a 23 year old white female who makes consistent use of many distinctive linguistic features associated with AAVE. I argue that the interaction of ideologies of race, class, localness and language allow her to be considered an ingroup member despite her biographical race. This suggests that there is a tension between academic linguistic theory and actual speaker practice in assigning authenticity to individuals, and I conclude that language ideologies and other forms of qualitative evidence should be taken into account by sociolinguists looking at the link between language and race. [source]

Reducing aberrant verbal behavior by building a repertoire of rational verbal behavior,

BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS, Issue 3 2006
Erik Arntzen
The purpose of the present study was to train different verbal classes in a 44-year-old woman to reduce aberrant verbal behavior. She had been hospitalized for 22 years in different psychiatric institutions, and has been diagnosed with schizophrenia, developmental disabilities, non-organic psychosis, and autism. Assessment of her verbal behavior showed that a small amount was adequate verbal behavior, whereas almost the entire repertoire of verbal behavior could be characterized as aberrant verbal behavior (,psychotic' and repetitive verbal behavior), and this behavior was maintained by social reinforcement such as smiles, various comments from other persons. The treatment program was based on results from the assessment results and was focused on establishing relationships between a variety of verbal response responses and proper controlling variables. She was trained to produce different verbal classes, mainly mand, tact, intraverbal, textual, transcription, and dictation responses. The duration of aberrant verbal behavior and the rate of ,psychotic' verbal behavior were gradually reduced as a function of an increasing number of adequate verbal responses. In the study, we present data covering a very long period; the last data point was acquired 25 months after the start of the program. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Exploring the utility of functional analysis methodology to assess and treat problematic verbal behavior in persons with acquired brain injury

BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS, Issue 2 2004
Mark R. Dixon
Functional analyses were conducted on four adults with acquired brain injuries who regularly displayed instances of inappropriate verbal behavior including depressive, aggressive, suicidal, profane, and sexually inappropriate utterances. After the functional analysis yielded a maintaining variable for each participant, a function-based intervention consisting of differential reinforcement of alternative verbal behavior was implemented. Results of the behavioral interventions show that instances of vocal behavior can be assessed and subsequently treated using the functional analysis methodology often reserved for nonverbal forms of behavior. The utility of functional analysis for assessing complex human behavior is discussed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Effects of DRL and DRL combined with response cost on perseverative verbal behavior of an adult with mental retardation and obsessive compulsive disorder

BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS, Issue 1 2001
George Kostinas
Although there has been increased interest in the identification and diagnosis of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in people who have developmental disabilities, clinical research has been reported infrequently. The present single-case study evaluated the effects from systematic behavioral intervention with a 26-year-old man who had moderate mental retardation, OCD, and exhibited perseverative verbalizations. Verbalizations were reduced when the man gained access to preferred activities contingent upon a low response frequency (DRL: differential reinforcement of low-rate responding). The behavior was reduced further when a DRL contingency was implemented in the form of a response cost procedure. The implications of these findings for the treatment of OCD in people with developmental disabilities are discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Identification of Perceived Interviewee Behaviors that Influence Auditors' Assessment of Deception

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDITING, Issue 3 2008
Chih-Chen Lee
US and international policy setters recently called for auditors to be alert for anomalous interviewee behaviors that may indicate deception. In this call, they included verbal behaviors, such as implausibility and inconsistency, as suggested indicators. This study empirically identifies the perceived verbal and physical interviewee behaviors that influence auditors' deception detection judgments. Perceptions of informativeness and body movement were found to increase auditors' suspicion of interviewees. The literature provides support for using deception indicators relating to informativeness for deception detection. However, the literature suggests that more body movement is a false deception indicator; that deceivers typically manifest less body movement when lying. The study's results also suggest that entry-level accountants use anxiety-related behaviors for deception detection, whereas experienced auditors do not. The deception detection literature suggests that anxiety-related behaviors do not predict deception. [source]