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Veterinary Use (veterinary + use)
Selected AbstractsMephentermine dependence without psychosis: a Brazilian case reportADDICTION, Issue 6 2010Henrique Faria De Sousa ABSTRACT Background Substance abuse is a serious health concern. This report presents the case of a 22-year-old Brazilian man with a history of mephentermine use who fulfils all the criteria for chemical dependence listed by ICD-10. Mephentermine is a sympathomimetic agent derived from methamphetamine which, in Brazil, is restricted to veterinary use. Case description The subject used the substance at a high dose (120 mg) to improve his physical performance while working out at a gym. His symptoms included anorexia and insomnia. After days of intense activity, he felt fatigue and soreness. A physical examination revealed scars on both forearms from the injections and a psychological examination revealed moderate speech and motor agitation. Conclusions Cases such as this may be common among the general public. They should have some bearing upon medical practice and public health policies involving drugs. [source] Controlled drug delivery: therapeutic and pharmacological aspectsJOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 5 2000J. Urquhart Abstract. Urquhart J (Department of Epidemiology, Pharmaco-epidemiology Group, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands). Controlled drug delivery: therapeutic and pharmacological aspects (Internal Medicine in the 21st Century). J Intern Med 2000; 248: 357,376. Concerted work to develop human pharmaceuticals based on rate-controlled drug delivery systems began in 1970. Today there are over three dozen such products, plus a few for veterinary use. In addition, osmotic minipumps have been extensively used since 1978, resulting in over 6000 publications in the pharmacological, endocrinological and physiological literature. Rate-controlled delivery provides for drug entry into the bloodstream continuously at either a constant or a modulated rate. By this means, one avoids the usual peak and trough pattern of drug concentrations in plasma, with its echoing peak and trough pattern of drug actions, during the interval between successive doses. In contrast to the happenstance release kinetics of rapid-release dosage forms, rate-controlled delivery systems can be designed to provide specific temporal patterns of drug concentration in plasma, for the purpose of optimizing the selectivity of drug action, the interval between successive administerings of drug and the likelihood that the next administering will occur at the proper time. [source] BSAVA's evidence to the dispensing reviewJOURNAL OF SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE, Issue 3 2001Article first published online: 28 JUN 200 The Independent Review Group (IRG) is currently considering evidence relating to the dispensing of prescription-only medicines for veterinary use, and is due to report its findings to the Minister of Agriculture by March 31. The BSAVA has been actively involved in submitting evidence to the review. Following its written submission in October, it has given oral evidence and has taken part in two public workshops organised by the IRG. Here, Harvey Locke, the BSAVA's Senior Vice-President, provides details [source] Yet another ten stories on antiviral drug discovery (part D): Paradigms, paradoxes, and paraductionsMEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS, Issue 4 2010Erik De Clercq Abstract This review article presents the fourth part (part D) in the series of stories on antiviral drug discovery. The stories told in part D focus on: (i) the cyclotriazadisulfonamide compounds; (ii) the {5-[(4-bromophenylmethyl]-2-phenyl-5H -imidazo[4,5- c]pyridine} compounds; (iii) (1H,3H -thiazolo[3,4- a]benzimidazole) derivatives; (iv) T-705 (6-fluoro-3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinecarboxamide) and (v) its structurally closely related analogue pyrazine 2-carboxamide (pyrazinamide); (vi) new strategies for the treatment of hemorrhagic fever virus infections, including, as the most imminent, (vii) dengue fever, (viii) the veterinary use of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates; (ix) the potential (off-label) use of cidofovir in the treatment of papillomatosis, particularly RRP (recurrent respiratory papillomatosis); and (x) finally, the prophylactic use of tenofovir to prevent HIV infections. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 30, No. 4, 667,707, 2010 [source] Safety of meloxicam to critically endangered Gyps vultures and other scavenging birds in IndiaANIMAL CONSERVATION, Issue 2 2007D. Swarup Abstract Widespread veterinary use of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac is responsible for the population collapse of three species of Gyps vulture in south Asia; these species are now critically endangered. Vultures die when they consume carcasses of livestock that contain lethal residues of diclofenac. National and international conservation organizations have urgently recommended that diclofenac be banned and replaced with alternative drugs that are relatively safe to Gyps vultures and other scavenging birds. We tested the safety of the NSAID meloxicam on the oriental white-backed vulture, long-billed vulture and a range of other scavenging birds in India (Egyptian vulture Neophron percnopterus, cattle egret Bubulcus ibis, house crow Corvus splendens, large-billed crow Corvus machrorhynchos and common mynah Acridotheres tristis). Meloxicam was administered by oral intubation [at 0.5 and 2.0 mg kg,1 vulture body weight (bw)], or through feeding with muscle or liver tissue (at 0.3 to 2.1 mg kg,1 vulture bw) from meloxicam-treated buffalo Bubalus bubalis. We estimate that 2.0 mg kg,1 bw is the maximum likely exposure in the wild. All 31 Gyps vultures and the 20 other scavenging birds given meloxicam survived. Feeding behaviour remained normal and there were no significant differences between the treated and control groups in body mass, or the blood haematology and biochemistry parameters monitored, including those known to be affected by diclofenac (uric acid levels and alanine transferase activity). Meloxicam is used to treat a wide range of livestock ailments and is licensed and manufactured in India. We recommend that meloxicam be introduced as rapidly as possible across the Indian sub-continent as an alternative to diclofenac. [source] First vaccine for cat AIDS approved for veterinary useAUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL, Issue 4 2002Article first published online: 10 MAR 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] Simultaneous determination of quinolone antibacterials in bovine milk by liquid chromatography,mass spectrometryBIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY, Issue 11 2008Alberto Zafra-Gómez Abstract A new liquid chromatography,mass spectrometry (LC,MS) method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of eight quinolone antibacterials for veterinary use in processed bovine milk samples. The quinolones studied included marbofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, danofloxacin, enrofloxacin, sarafloxacin, difloxacin, oxolinic acid and flumequine. Also, a new sample-treatment procedure was used for extraction and preconcentration of these compounds. It involved defatting by centrifugation, protein precipitation by adding a mixture of glacial acetic acid,acetonitrile and removing acetonitrile with dichloromethane; finally, the acidified aqueous layer was evaporated to dryness in a speed vac system, resuspended in the mobile phase and filtered prior to LC injection. The mobile phase was composed of a formic acid aqueous solution 0.1% (v/v) and acetonitrile, with an initial composition of water,acetonitrile 95: 5 (v/v) and using linear gradient elution. Norfloxacin was used as internal standard. The limits of quantification found (2,7 ng g,1) were in all cases lower than the maximum residue limits tolerated by the European Union for these compounds in milk. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | |||||||||||||