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Vessel Morphology (vessel + morphology)
Selected AbstractsIncreased Dosage during Intracoronary Irradiation Due to Overlapped Source Stepping Shows No Long-Term Adverse Changes in Vessel MorphologyJOURNAL OF INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY, Issue 3 2004BONNI SYEDA M.Sc., M.D. Purpose: The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate if overdosage during intracoronary irradiation due to overlapped source stepping may result in long-term morphologic changes in vessel anatomy. Methods: Baseline angiograms of patients with in-stent restenosis undergoing coronary reintervention followed by intracoronary irradiation with source stepping were analyzed. Overlapping was considered present for the segment with overlapped reference isodose length (RIL) (RIL = segment with ,90% of reference dose at 1 mm vessel wall depth). Baseline and 6-months follow-up volumetric intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) analysis were performed for the overlapped segment and for proximal and distal segments of equal length. Results: Overlapping was found in six patients (three patients: 32P treatment; three patients: 90Sr/Y treatment); final analysis was performed in four patients. Comparison of the baseline and follow-up IVUS volumetric parameters revealed no significant change in lumen or vessel volumes at segments of overlaps in comparison to proximal and distal reference segments. Conclusion: Increased dosage due to overlapping during source stepping is not associated with morphologic changes in vessel anatomy at follow-up. (J Interven Cardiol 2004;17:143,149) [source] Heart changes in 17-day-old fetuses of diabetic ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) mothers: Improvement with maternal immune stimulationCONGENITAL ANOMALIES, Issue 1 2009Juan Claudio Gutierrez ABSTRACT Maternal diabetes mellitus is associated with increased fetal teratogenesis, including cardiovascular defects. Non-specific maternal immune stimulation with Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) or interferon gamma (IFN,) has been associated with protection against birth malformations. Using a diabetic mouse model, late-gestation fetal heart and great vessel morphology were analyzed. Four groups of mice were used: non-diabetic females as a control group, hyperglycemic females induced by streptozotocin as a diabetic group, and diabetic females injected either with FCA or IFN,. At day 17 of gestation, females were euthanized and one fetus was arbitrarily selected per litter for fixation and sectioning. Treatment-induced changes in cardiac development were assessed from digital images of serial sections taken at standardized levels in the thorax. One-way parametric and non-parametric ANOVA and ordinal logistic regression were performed to compare the difference among groups (P < 0.05). Maternal hyperglycemia altered morphology of the late-gestation fetal mouse heart by causing ventricular chamber dilation, sectional myocardial reduction, and an increase in transversal aortic area. FCA protected the fetal heart from cavitary dilation in diabetic mothers. FCA and IFN, protected the fetal heart against reduction of myocardial area, and ascending thoracic aorta dilation. Consequences of late gestation heart chamber dilation and myocardial reduction are not yet known. Maternal immune stimulation partially protected against these developmental defects by mechanisms that remain unclear. [source] Efficient estimation of three-dimensional curves and their derivatives by free-knot regression splines, applied to the analysis of inner carotid artery centrelinesJOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY: SERIES C (APPLIED STATISTICS), Issue 3 2009Laura M. Sangalli Summary., We deal with the problem of efficiently estimating a three-dimensional curve and its derivatives, starting from a discrete and noisy observation of the curve. This problem is now arising in many applicative contexts, thanks to the advent of devices that provide three-dimensional images and measures, such as three-dimensional scanners in medical diagnostics. Our research, in particular, stems from the need for accurate estimation of the curvature of an artery, from image reconstructions of three-dimensional angiographies. This need has emerged within the AneuRisk project, a scientific endeavour which aims to investigate the role of vessel morphology, blood fluid dynamics and biomechanical properties of the vascular wall, on the pathogenesis of cerebral aneurysms. We develop a regression technique that exploits free-knot splines in a novel setting, to estimate three-dimensional curves and their derivatives. We thoroughly compare this technique with a classical regression method, local polynomial smoothing, showing that three-dimensional free-knot regression splines yield more accurate and efficient estimates. [source] Aortic and ventricular dilation and myocardial reduction in gestation day 17 ICR mouse fetuses of diabetic mothersBIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH, Issue 6 2007J. Claudio Gutierrez Abstract BACKGROUND: Maternal diabetes mellitus is associated with increased fetal teratogenesis, including cardiovascular defects. Information regarding cardiovascular changes in late-gestation fetal mice, related to maternal hyperglycemia, is not present in the literature. METHODS: Late-gestation fetal heart and great vessel morphology were analyzed in fetuses from control and diabetic mice. Female ICR mice were injected with streptozocin (200 mg/kg IP) prior to mating to induce diabetes (n = 8). Nonhyperglycemic females were used as controls (n = 8). At day 17 of gestation, females were euthanized and one fetus was arbitrarily selected per litter to analyze the heart and great vessels. Six additional fetuses from different litters, showing external malformations (spina bifida and/or exencephaly), were also evaluated from the diabetic group. Fetal thoraxes were processed using routine histopathologic techniques, and 7-,m transversal sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Digital images of sections were made and analyzed using NIH Image J software to compare regional cardiac development. Student's t tests for means were performed to determine differences between groups (p < .05). RESULTS: Maternal hyperglycemia caused a dilation of late-gestation fetal ventricular chambers, a reduction of total ventricular myocardial area, and an increase in transversal ascending thoracic aortic area. Three of six fetuses that displayed external malformations showed an overt cardiac defect, beyond the ventricular and myocardial changes. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal hyperglycemia altered morphology of the late-gestation fetal mouse heart. Postnatal persistence or consequences of late-gestation heart chamber dilation and myocardial reduction are not yet known. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2007. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, [source] Visual fields and optic disc morphology in very low birthweight adolescents examined with magnetic resonance imaging of the brainACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 8 2009Kerstin Hellgren Abstract. Purpose:, We aimed to evaluate visual fields (VFs) and optic disc morphology in very low birthweight (VLBW) adolescents compared with age- and gender-matched controls, and to relate the findings to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results. Methods:, Fifty-nine VLBW adolescents and 55 age- and gender-matched controls with normal birthweight were examined. Visual fields were tested using computerized rarebit perimetry (RB). Optic nerve and retinal vessel morphology were evaluated by digital image analysis of fundus photographs. Brain MRI was conducted in the VLBW subjects. Results:, Ten of the 57 VLBW subjects (p = 0.022) had subnormal VF results defined as a mean hit rate below the fifth percentile of the controls (i.e. < 89%). All of these also had significantly lower mean hit rates (p = 0.039) in the inferior hemifield. Sixteen of 57 (28%) VLBW subjects had white matter damage of immaturity (WMDI) on MRI. Six of 15 subjects with WMDI (who underwent VF testing) also had subnormal RB results, compared with four of 39 with normal MRI findings (p = 0.02). The mean neural retinal rim area was 9% smaller (p = 0.018) in the VLBW group than in the control group. The VLBW adolescents had a significantly higher index for tortuosity of arterioles than the controls (p < 0.001). Conclusions:, In the present study, 18% of all VLBW adolescents and 40% of those with WMDI had subnormal RB VF findings. The VLBW group had increased arterial tortuosity and a somewhat smaller (9%) mean neural retinal rim area than the control group. Thus sequels to VLBW appear to persist in adolescence. [source] Abnormal vessel morphology in boys born after intracytoplasmic sperm injectionACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 11 2008Margareta Hök Wikstrand Abstract Aim: Children born after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are at risk of preterm birth, low birth weight and perinatal morbidity which may predispose for diseases of the central nervous and vascular systems. Our aim was to investigate the ocular fundus morphology in children born after ICSI. Method: Children born after ICSI (n = 82) had ocular fundus photographs taken at the age of 5 years and results were compared with those of a control group (n = 203). The ocular fundus morphology with the central retinal vessels was evaluated by digital image analysis. Results: Children born after ICSI (n = 57) had abnormal retinal vascularization as evidenced by a lower number of vascular branching points compared with the control group (n = 181) (p = 0.0002). A gender difference was found whereby the ICSI boys (n = 35) had significantly fewer retinal branching points (median 24, range 19,29.5) compared with the control boys (median 27.5, range 20,37) (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Our findings showed that ICSI boys have abnormal vessel morphology as demonstrated by a reduced number of central retinal branching points. The difference still remained after elimination of factors earlier shown to be associated with a low number of vascular branching points, i.e. low birth weight and preterm, suggesting other mechanisms responsible for the low number of vascular branching points. [source] | |||||||||||||