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Values Study (value + study)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Humanities and Social Sciences	80%

Selected Abstracts

Culture and Economic Systems

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND SOCIOLOGY, Issue 4 2007
Frederic L. Pryor
Applying a cluster analysis to the results of the World Value Study, this article shows that the OECD nations have five distinct patterns of cultural characteristics. Moreover, these five cultural systems are almost the same as a classification of economic systems that have been derived from a cluster analysis of their economic institutions. A comparison of the cultural characteristics of East and West Germany suggests that the economic system has relatively little influence on the cultural systems. Instead, in a democracy, where the economic system is not imposed by force, the cultural characteristics are more likely to determine the economic system, rather than the reverse. [source]

Risk management in a globalizing world: An empirical analysis of individual preferences in 26 European countries

INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SECURITY REVIEW, Issue 3 2009
Ferry Koster
Abstract The risks that individuals face in everyday life, such as illness and unemployment, can be covered using market, government, or community mechanisms. The market can function with a lower level of solidarity compared to the other two mechanisms; the government mechanism requires the highest level of compulsory solidarity and communities are associated with voluntary solidarity. Social context affects individual preferences with regard to any one of these mechanisms. This article investigates to what extent these preferences are influenced by globalization: the economic, social and political openness of countries. The dataset used in this study combines data from the European Values Study 1999-2000 (EVS), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the KOF Index of Globalization, and contains information about 31,554 people living in 26 European countries. The results derived from logistic multilevel analysis show that preferences towards the organization of solidarity are related to the different dimensions of globalization. [source]

Risikomanagement in einer sich globalisierenden Welt: Eine empirische Analyse individueller Präferenzen in 26 europäischen Ländern

INTERNATIONALE REVUE FUR SOZIALE SICHERHEIT, Issue 3 2009
Ferry Koster
Auszug Die Risiken, denen der Einzelne im täglichen Leben ausgesetzt ist, wie Krankheit und Arbeitslosigkeit, lassen sich mit dem Einsatz von Markt-, Staats- oder Gemeinschaftsmechanismen abdecken. Der Markt kann mit einem niedrigeren Niveau an Solidarität als die anderen beiden Mechanismen funktionieren; der Staatsmechanismus erfordert ein Höchstmaß an gesetzlich vorgeschriebener Solidarität, und die Gemeinschaften üben freiwillige Solidarität aus. Der Sozialkontext beeinflusst die individuellen Präferenzen in Bezug auf jeden dieser Mechanismen. Der vorliegende Artikel untersucht, inwieweit diese Präferenzen durch die Globalisierung beeinflusst werden: die wirtschaftliche, soziale und politische Offenheit von Ländern. Die in dieser Studie verwendeten Daten kombinieren Daten aus der Europäischen Wertestudie (European Values Study, EVS) 1999-2000, vom Internationalen Währungsfonds (IWF) und vom KOF-Globalisierungsindex und werten Informationen über 31 554 Menschen aus, die in 26 europäischen Ländern leben. Wie die Ergebnisse einer logistischen Analyse mehrerer Ebenen zeigen, gibt es einen Zusammenhang zwischen den Präferenzen beider Organisation der Solidarität und den verschiedenen Dimensionen der Globalisierung. [source]

Social stratification and attitudes: a comparative analysis of the effects of class and education in Europe1

THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY, Issue 4 2007
Matthijs Kalmijn
Abstract A classic topic in the sociology of inequality lies in the subjective consequences of people's stratification position. Many studies have shown that education and occupational class have significant effects on attitudes, but little is known about how the magnitude of these effects depends on the societal context. There has been debate in the scholarly literature, with some authors arguing that effects of class and education are less important when societies are more developed, whereas other authors argue that effects are either stable (for class) or increasing (for education). We use a meta-analytical design to address this debate. More specifically we examine the effects of class and education for a broad range of attitudes (21 scales) in 22 European countries using data from the 1999 wave of the European Values Study. We pool summary-measures of association (Eta-values) into a new dataset and analyse these Eta-values (N = 453) applying multilevel models with characteristics of countries and characteristics of attitudes as the independent variables. Our results show that there is no evidence that the effects of class on attitudes are lower when countries are more modern, but we do find larger effects of education in more modern countries. [source]

Nutritive value of partially dehulled and extruded sunflower meal for post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in sea water

AQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 13 2006
Navneet Gill
Abstract This study determined the digestibility of protein in partially dehulled sunflower meal (SFM) and then, as the main goal, the nutritive value of high-temperature extruded (,149°C) partially dehulled SFM (SFMEX) for post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in sea water. The digestibility study was conducted using the settling column approach (,Guelph system') for faeces collection as described by Hajen, Higgs, Beames and Dosanjh. In the nutritive value study, triplicate groups of 50 salmon (mean weight ,116 g) in 4000-L outdoor fibreglass tanks supplied with 25,40 L min,1, filtered, oxygenated (dissolved oxygen, 7.0,8.5 mg L,1), 11,12°C sea water (salinity, 29,31 g L,1), were fed twice daily to satiation one of five steam-pelleted dry diets that contained 422 g of digestible protein (DP) kg,1 and ,16.4 MJ of digestible energy (DE) kg,1 on a dry weight basis for 84 days. Low-temperature-dried anchovy meal (LT-AM) comprised 68.2% of the basal diet protein whereas in four test diets, SFMEX progressively replaced up to 33.0% of the DP provided by LT-AM in the basal diet (SFMEX,271 g kg,1 of dry matter). Sunflower meal had 87.9% DP. Diet treatment did not significantly affect specific growth rate (1.39,1.45% day,1), feed efficiency (1.19,1.26), percentage of dietary protein retained (45.8,47.5), gross energy utilization (46.5,49.4%), per cent survival (96.0,99.3) or terminal whole body and muscle proximate compositions. We conclude that SFMEX can comprise ,271 g kg,1 of the dry diet or ,22.7% of the digestible dietary protein of post-smolt Atlantic salmon in seawater without any adverse effects on their performance. [source]