CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 5-6 2006
Kaw Yan Chua
SUMMARY 1Allergic diseases are characterized by inappropriate immune responses to common environmental antigens. The prevalence of these diseases has been increasing worldwide for reasons that are not exactly clear. 2Current treatment is largely symptomatic. Because the initial observation that simple plasmid DNA injections resulted in in vivo protein expression and induction of adaptive immune responses to the encoded antigen, the potential of modifying the allergic immune responses by DNA vaccination so as to treat and prevent these diseases has been explored extensively. 3In the present paper we review preclinical studies using animal models of allergic diseases, with an emphasis on DNA vaccine design, for house dust mite allergens-related allergic asthma. [source]

Review of issues concerning the use of reproductive inhibitors, with particular emphasis on resolving human-wildlife conflicts in North America

INTEGRATIVE ZOOLOGY (ELECTRONIC), Issue 1 2010
Kathleen A. FAGERSTONE
Abstract This manuscript provides an overview of past wildlife contraception efforts and discusses the current state of research. Two fertility control agents, an avian reproductive inhibitor containing the active ingredient nicarbazin and an immunocontraceptive vaccine, have received regulatory approval with the Environmental Protection Agency and are commercially available in the USA. OvoControl G Contraceptive Bait for Canada Geese and Ovo Control for pigeons are delivered as oral baits. An injectable immunocontraceptive vaccine (GonaCon Immunocontraceptive Vaccine) was registered with the Environmental Protection Agency for use in female white-tailed deer in September 2009. An injectable product (GonaCon Immunocontraceptive Vaccine) is registered for use in female white-tailed deer. Both products are labeled for use in urban/suburban areas where these species are overabundant. Several other compounds are currently being tested for use in wildlife in the USA, Europe, Australia and New Zealand that could have promise in the future. The development and use of reproductive inhibitors for resolving human,wildlife conflicts will depend on a number of factors, including meeting the requirements of regulatory agencies for use in the environment and on the biological and economical feasibility of their use. Use will also be dependent on health and safety issues and on public acceptance of the techniques. [source]

Zoster Vaccine in Older Adults

JOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 9 2010
Roy Fried MD
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Flu: Effect of Vaccine in Elderly Care Home Residents: A Randomized Trial

JOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 12 2007
Fiona Gaughran MD
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether assessing seroprotection after influenza vaccine and administering booster vaccination where not achieved reduces hospitalization and death. To estimate the overall seroprotection rate of influenza vaccine. DESIGN: A two-arm, partially blind, randomized, multicenter, parallel-group, controlled trial. SETTING: Twenty-six care homes in three South London boroughs in fall 2004. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred seventy-seven elderly permanent care home residents meeting eligibility criteria. INTERVENTION: Postvaccination blood samples were randomized to booster evaluation or no booster evaluation (control). If evaluation revealed inadequate seroprotection, a booster vaccine was administered. MEASUREMENTS: Primary outcome was hospitalization to end April 2005; secondary outcomes were death, antibiotic use, and seroprotection. RESULTS: Sixty percent of the controls and 41% of the booster evaluation group responded to routine vaccination. Booster vaccination where indicated increased seroprotection rates in the booster evaluation group to 66%. Treatment groups did not differ in any outcome measures in the intention-to-treat analysis (hospitalization odds ratio=1.02, 95% confidence interval=0.55,1.87). There was a tendency towards greater differences between groups in the per-protocol analysis than in the intention-to-treat analysis, particularly regarding seroprotection rates. The same effect was observed in the a priori exploratory analysis of residents not seroprotected after routine vaccination alone. CONCLUSION: In a year without circulating influenza, there is no clinical benefit of administering a booster vaccine if routine trivalent vaccination fails to result in seroprotection. Hemagglutination titers rose in two strains postbooster vaccination but fell against the novel strain, Wyoming. The benefit of such a booster strategy when influenza is prevalent thus remains unc ertain. [source]

Safety and Immunogenicity Profile of the Concomitant Administration of ZOSTAVAX and Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Adults Aged 50 and Older

JOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 10 2007
Boris Kerzner MD
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of ZOSTAVAX administered concomitantly with inactivated influenza vaccine or sequentially in adults aged 50 and older. DESIGN: Randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled study. SETTING: Thirteen U.S. and seven European study sites. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred eighty-two concomitantly, 380 sequentially vaccinated subjects. INTERVENTION: The concomitant vaccination group received influenza vaccine and ZOSTAVAX at separate injection sites on Day 1 and placebo at Week 4. The nonconcomitant vaccination group received influenza vaccine and placebo at separate injection sites on Day 1 and ZOSTAVAX at Week 4. MEASUREMENTS: Primary safety endpoints: vaccine-related serious adverse experiences (AEs) within 28 days postvaccination (PV); and diary card,prompted local and systemic AEs. Primary immunogenicity endpoints: geometric mean titer (GMT) and geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) from baseline of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) antibody (Ab) at 4 weeks PV according to glycoprotein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gpELISA) and GMT of influenza Ab for the three vaccine strains (2005,2006 influenza season) at 4 weeks PV according to hemagglutination inhibition assay. Secondary immunogenicity endpoint: influenza seroconversion rates (SCRs). RESULTS: No serious AEs related to ZOSTAVAX were observed during the study. VZV Ab GMTs 4 weeks PV for the concomitant and sequential groups were 554 and 597 gpELISA U/mL, respectively. The estimated VZV Ab GMT ratio was 0.9 (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.8,1.0), indicating noninferior (P<.001 for the null hypothesis of GMT ratio <0.67) responses. Estimated VZV Ab GMFR from baseline in the concomitant group was 2.1 (95% CI=2.0,2.3), indicating acceptable fold rise. Estimated GMT ratios (concomitant/sequential) for influenza strains A(H1N1), A(H3N2), and B were 0.9 (95% CI=0.8,1.1), 1.1 (95% CI=0.9,1.3), and 0.9 (95% CI=0.8,1.1), respectively, and SCRs were comparable across both groups, with more than 85% achieving titers of 1:40 or greater, meeting regulatory criteria. CONCLUSION: ZOSTAVAX and influenza vaccine given concomitantly are generally well tolerated in adults aged 50 and older. Ab responses were similar whether ZOSTAVAX and influenza vaccine were given concomitantly or sequentially. [source]

A Review of the Evidence Comparing the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Versus Condoms in the Prevention of Human Papillomavirus Infections

JOURNAL OF OBSTETRIC, GYNECOLOGIC & NEONATAL NURSING, Issue 3 2008
Shelley Miksis
ABSTRACT Objective:, To examine the evidence related to the efficacy of condom use versus the human papillomavirus vaccine in the prevention of human papillomavirus infections. Data sources:, Cochrane, CINHAL, PubMed, and Clinical Evidence. Various combinations of the keywords HPV, vaccine, and condoms were used for the search. Study selection:, Randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled trials were reviewed for evaluation of the human papillomavirus vaccine. Several longitudinal studies and a meta-analysis were used for review of condom efficacy related to human papillomavirus transmission. Data extraction and synthesis:, Studies evaluating the use of either condoms or the human papillomavirus vaccine and its impact on human papillomavirus transmission rates, detected through either human papillomavirus DNA testing or clinical disease. Conclusions:, The evidence indicates that the greatest degree of protection from specific types of human papillomavirus infection is provided by the vaccine. However, the use of condoms in addition to the human papillomavirus vaccine provides the greatest protection from the untoward effects of human papillomavirus infection and may also provide protection against human papillomavirus types not in the vaccine and other sexually transmitted infections. [source]

Rapid and Sustained Immune Response Against Hepatitis A and B Achieved With Combined Vaccine Using an Accelerated Administration Schedule

JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE, Issue 1 2007
Bradley A. Connor MD
Background Combined hepatitis A and B vaccine administered on an accelerated schedule provides a rapid immune response against both hepatitis A and B viruses, which might be especially relevant for individuals who need protection quickly. Methods A prospective, open-label, randomized study to compare the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of the combined hepatitis A and B vaccine Twinrix (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium) (,720 EL.U/mL inactivated hepatitis A antigen and 20 ,g/mL recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]) administered at 0, 7, 21 to 30 days, and 12 months compared with concurrent administration of Havrix [GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium (,1440 EL.U/mL inactivated hepatitis A antigen)] at 0 and 12 months, and Engerix-B [GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium (20 ,g/mL recombinant HBsAg)] at 0, 1, 2, and 12 months in seronegative healthy adults. Results At month 13, the anti-hepatitis B seroprotection rates (>10 mIU/mL) for the combined vaccine compared to the monovalent hepatitis B vaccine were 96.4% (95% CI: 92.7,98.5) and 93.4% (95% CI: 89.0,96.4), respectively. The anti-hepatitis A seroconversion rates were 100% in both groups (95% CI: 98.1,100). At day 37, the anti-hepatitis A seroconversion rates were similar in both groups (98.5% for combined vaccine, 98.6% for the monovalent vaccine group), but the combined vaccine resulted in a statistically significantly ( p < 0.001) better anti-hepatitis B seroprotection compared to monovalent hepatitis B vaccine, 63.2% versus 43.5%, respectively. The reactogenicity profile was similar in both study groups. Conclusions The combined hepatitis A and B vaccine administered on an accelerated schedule was at least as immunogenic and as well tolerated as the corresponding monovalent vaccines. [source]

Duration of Immunity: An Anamnestic Response 14 Years After Rabies Vaccination With Purified Chick Embryo Cell Rabies Vaccine

JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE, Issue 1 2007
Claudius Malerczyk MD
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Travel and Yellow Fever Vaccine

JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE, Issue 6 2002
Subhash C Arya
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Hepatitis E Vaccine for Travelers?

JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE, Issue 4 2000
David R. Shlim
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Pilot Study Evaluating Efficacy and Reactogenicity of an Oral ETEC B-Subunit-Inactivated Whole Cell Vaccine against Travelers' Diarrhea (Preliminary Report)

JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE, Issue 1 2000
Gerhard Wiedermann
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Vaccine-based approaches to squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

ORAL DISEASES, Issue 1 2007
X Zhang
Vaccine-based approaches for the treatment of advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck have achieved very limited success. Improvement in vaccine efficacy for both diseases control and survival is predicated on a careful analysis of the root causes for successes and failures to date. In this review, we analyse the utility and limitations of select protective and therapeutic vaccine strategies for tumour prevention and therapy. Based on this characterisation, we define potential directions which are meritorious of future study. [source]

Erythema Multiforme due to Diphtheria,Pertussis,Tetanus Vaccine

PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2007
LU M.D., YELDA KARINCAO
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Mothers' Pap Screening and STD History Associated With Daughters' Uptake, Completion of HPV Vaccine

PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, Issue 3 2009
Article first published online: 3 SEP 200
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Immunogenicity of Pneumococcal Vaccine in Renal Transplant Recipients,Three Year Follow-up of a Randomized Trial

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 3 2007
D. Kumar
Routine pneumococcal vaccination is recommended at regular intervals posttransplant. However, there is limited data on durability of vaccine response and the impact of vaccine type on antibody persistence. We determined the durability of response for patients enrolled in a randomized trial of conjugate (PCV7) versus polysaccharide (PPV23) pneumococcal vaccination. Response was defined as a twofold increase from baseline and a titer ,0.35 ,g/mL using a pneumococcal ELISA for seven serotypes (measured at 8 weeks and 3 years). Forty-seven patients were evaluated and had received either PPV23 (n = 24) or PCV7 (n = 23). Response rates and geometric mean titers varied by serotype but declined significantly at 3-years for 6 of 7 serotypes (p < 0.001). No significant difference in durability was found in patients that had received PPV23 versus PCV7. Compared to the 8-week response, 20.6% fewer patients had a response to at least one serotype by 3 years. The largest relative declines were seen for serotype 4 (response dropped from 40.4% at 8 weeks to 17.0% at 3 years) and serotype 9V (44.7% dropping to 21.3%). The only factor predictive of response durability was a strong multiserotype initial response (p < 0.001). In conclusion, vaccine responses decline significantly by 3 years and conjugate vaccine does not improve the durability of response. [source]

Safety and Immunogenicity of Varicella-Zoster Virus Vaccine in Pediatric Liver and Intestine Transplant Recipients

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 3 2006
A. Weinberg
Primary varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections following organ transplantation may cause significant morbidity. We examined the safety and immunogenicity of Varivax® after transplantation as a potential prophylactic tool. Pediatric liver and intestine transplant recipients without history of chickenpox received one dose of Varivax®. VZV humoral and cellular immunity were assessed before and ,12 weeks after vaccination. Adverse events (AE) and management of exposure to wild type VZV were monitored. Sixteen VZV-naïve subjects, 13,76 months of age, at 257,2045 days after transplantation were immunized. Five children developed mild local AE of short duration. Four subjects developed fever and four developed non-injection site rashes, three of whom received acyclovir. Liver enzymes did not increase during the month after vaccination. Eighty-seven percent and 86% of children developed humoral and cellular immunity, respectively. There were five reported exposures to varicella in four children, none of which resulted in chickenpox. One subject received VZV-immunoglobulin and another subject with liver enzyme elevations after exposure received acyclovir; all remained asymptomatic. Varivax® was safe and immunogenic in pediatric liver and intestine transplant recipients. Larger studies are needed to establish the efficacy and role of varicella vaccination after transplantation. [source]

Bioprocess Engineering Issues That Would Be Faced in Producing a DNA Vaccine at up to 100 m3 Fermentation Scale for an Influenza Pandemic

BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS, Issue 6 2005
Mike Hoare
The risk of a pandemic with a virulent form of influenza is acknowledged by the World Health Organization (WHO) and other agencies. Current vaccine production facilities would be unable to meet the global requirement for vaccine. As a possible supplement a DNA vaccine may be appropriate, and bioprocess engineering factors bearing on the use of existing biopharmaceutical and antibiotics plants to produce it are described. This approach addresses the uncertainty of timing of a pandemic that precludes purpose-built facilities. The strengths and weaknesses of alternative downstream processing routes are analyzed, and several gaps in public domain information are addressed. The conclusion is that such processing would be challenging but feasible. [source]

Autologous Fixed Tumor Vaccine: A Formulation with Cytokine-microparticles for Protective Immunity against Recurrence of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma

CANCER SCIENCE, Issue 4 2002
Bao Gang Peng
We developed a tumor vaccine consisting of fixed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells/tissue fragments, biodegradable microparticles encapsulating granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor and interleukin-2, and an adjuvant. The vaccine protected 33% of syngeneic mice from HCC cell challenge. The vaccine containing human autologous HCC fragments showed essentially no adverse effect in a phase I/IIa clinical trial and 8/12 patients developed a delayed-type hyper-sensitivity (DTH) response against the fragments. Although 2 of 4 DTH-response-negative patients had recurrence after curative resection, the DTH-response-positive patients had no recurrence. The time before the first recurrence in the vaccinated patients was significantly longer than that in 24 historical control patients operated in the same department (P<0.05). This formulation is a promising candidate to prevent recurrence of human HCC. [source]

Safety and efficacy of vaccines

DERMATOLOGIC THERAPY, Issue 2 2009
Brenda L. Bartlett
ABSTRACT For the past two centuries, vaccines have provided a safe and effective means of preventing a number of infectious diseases. Although the safety of some vaccines has been questioned in recent years, the currently available vaccines are more than a millionfold safer than the diseases they are designed to prevent. Vaccines, however, should always be used in conjunction with other public health interventions. One important intervention is education because the general public can be led to believe that vaccines are unsafe and not needed by misinformation readily available electronically and in print. Not only are some vaccines available via injection but other vaccines are also given orally or intranasally. New vaccines are being studied for topical and intravaginal use. In addition, new systems are being developed for more efficient production of vaccines, especially for influenza. Vaccines are currently available for only a limited number of viral and bacterial diseases. In the future, it is anticipated that safe and effective vaccines will be developed against a number of other viral and bacterial infections as well as fungal and protozoan diseases. [source]

Vaccines, Viagra, and Vioxx: medicines, markets, and money,when life-saving meets life-style,

DRUG DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH, Issue 2 2005
David J. Triggle
Abstract In this Commentary, life-style drugs will be termed as "those drugs for which there is a definable and real, but limited, therapeutic need, but a need that has been significantly stimulated by the cycle of pharmaceutical company advertising and pressure and public demand." The key to the continuing expansion of the life-style drug market is a progressive narrowing of the definition of "normal" coupled with campaigns launched by the pharmaceutical industry that persuade both patients and clinicians that a major and treatable disease does exist and that drug treatment, rather than acceptance of hair loss or occasional lack of sexual interest, and so on, is both necessary and appropriate. The expansion of the market for prescription drugs in this manner is now an integral part of the business model of the pharmaceutical industry. For society, the expanding role of these drugs, particularly those directed at "desires rather than diseases," raises ethical issues of our increasing obsession with a medically directed quest for perfection, and financial issues of the cost of this quest on the health care system and its priorities. For the pharmaceutical industry, there are questions of whether its role is life-saving or life-styling for a Huxleyan "Brave New World." Drug Dev Res 64:90,98, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

DNA vaccines against chronic lung infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

FEMS IMMUNOLOGY & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 2-3 2003
J Staczek
Abstract Vaccines containing outer membrane protein F (OprF) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are effective in reducing lesion severity in a mouse pulmonary chronic infection model. One OprF-based vaccine, called F/I, contains carboxy oprF sequences fused to oprI in an expression vector. When delivered three times biolistically by gene gun, the F/I vaccine induces protection that is antibody-mediated in outbred mice. To demonstrate the role of F/I -induced antibody-mediated immunity, B-cell-deficient [B(,)] and B-cell-intact [B(+)] mice were immunized with F/I, challenged with Pseudomonas, and examined for lesion severity. As expected, F/I -immunized B(+) mice had fewer and less severe lesions than vector-immunized B(+) mice. However, surprisingly, F/I - and vector-immunized B(,) mice were equally protected to levels similar to F/I -immunized B(+) mice. Examination of immune cell populations and cytokine levels indicated a relative increase in the quantity of CD3+ T-lymphocytes in vector- or F/I -immunized and challenged B(,) mice compared to B(+) mice. These data indicate the protective role played by cell-mediated immunity in B(,) mice, which supports our hypothesis that cell-mediated immunity can play an important role in protection against P. aeruginosa. [source]

Vaccines, coming of age after 200 years

FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS, Issue 1 2000
P.Helena Mäkelä
Abstract An overview on the short, only 200 years, past history and future expectations in the field of vaccines is presented. The focus is on development trends and potential rather than individual vaccines. While the first vaccines were a result of keen observation, the further development has been tightly dependent on the development of microbiology to provide both the knowledge basis and the technology for new vaccines for new purposes. The post-genomic era just starting therefore promises an exponential increase of vaccine research and new vaccines, both improved vaccines with a greater efficacy and less adverse effects to replace old ones and vaccines for prevention of diseases for which no vaccines exist. Furthermore, fully new applications to prevention or treatment of chronic diseases not traditionally associated with infections are expected. [source]

P04 Inflammation, Host response, Immunity, Animal Models, and Vaccines

HELICOBACTER, Issue 4 2009
Article first published online: 23 JUL 200
First page of article [source]

W2 Inflammation, Host Response, and Vaccines

HELICOBACTER, Issue 5 2008
Article first published online: 13 AUG 200
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Helicobacter pylori Vaccines: Is DNA the Answer?

HELICOBACTER, Issue 6 2006
Douglas Emancipator
First page of article [source]

Bionanocomposites as New Carriers for Influenza Vaccines

ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 41 2009
Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky
Bionanocomposites resulting from the assembly of negatively charged polysaccharides (xanthan gum) and sepiolite at the nanometer scale are able to associate efficiently to influenza-virus particles. This produces stable dispersions suitable as effective intranasal or intramuscular flu vaccines, as confirmed from experiments carried out in mice. [source]

MF59® -adjuvanted vaccines for seasonal and pandemic influenza prophylaxis

INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES, Issue 6 2008
Angelika Banzhoff
Abstract, Influenza is a major cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality through frequent seasonal epidemics and infrequent pandemics. Morbidity and mortality rates from seasonal influenza are highest in the most frail, such as the elderly, those with underlying chronic conditions and very young children. Antigenic mismatch between strains recommended for vaccine formulation and circulating viruses can further reduce vaccine efficacy in these populations. Seasonal influenza vaccines with enhanced, cross-reactive immunogenicity are needed to address these problems and can confer a better immune protection, particularly in seasons were antigenic mismatch occurs. A related issue for vaccine development is the growing threat of pandemic influenza caused by H5N1 avian strains. Vaccines against strains with pandemic potential offer the best approach for reducing the potential impact of a pandemic. However, current non-adjuvanted pre-pandemic vaccines offer suboptimal immunogenicity against H5N1. For both seasonal and pre-pandemic vaccines, the addition of adjuvants may be the best approach for providing enhanced cross-reactive immunogenicity. MF59®, the first oil-in-water emulsion licensed as an adjuvant for human use, can enhance vaccine immune responses through multiple mechanisms. A trivalent MF59-adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine (Fluad®) has shown to induce significantly higher immune responses to influenza vaccination in the elderly, compared with non-adjuvanted vaccines, and to provide cross-reactive immunity against divergent influenza strains. Similar results have been generated with a MF59-adjuvanted H5N1 pre-pandemic vaccine, which showed higher and broader immunogenicity compared with non-adjuvanted pre-pandemic vaccines. [source]

Impact of prior or concomitant seasonal influenza vaccination on MF59-adjuvanted H1N1v vaccine (FocetriaÔ) in adult and elderly subjects

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE, Issue 4 2010
R. Gasparini
Summary Background:, When H1N1v vaccines become widely available, most elderly subjects will have already received their seasonal influenza vaccination. Adults seeking H1N1v vaccination may be offered seasonal vaccine as well. We investigated prior seasonal vaccination in adult and elderly subjects, and concomitant vaccination with seasonal vaccine in adults, on the tolerability and immunogenicity of the Novartis MF59-adjuvanted H1N1v vaccine, Focetria®. Methods:, A total of 264 adult (four groups) and 154 elderly (three groups) subjects were enrolled. The licensure study cohorts for plain (Agrippal®) and MF59-adjuvanted (Fluad®) 2009,2010 seasonal vaccines were invited to receive Focetria 3 months later, with seasonal vaccine,naïve controls, and adults who received Focteria and seasonal vaccine concomitantly. Immunogenicity of all vaccines was assessed by haemagglutination inhibition on Days 1 and 22, safety and reactogenicity were monitored using patient diaries. Results:, All adult and elderly groups met all the European CHMP licensing criteria for H1N1v, as did adults receiving concomitant seasonal vaccine for the three seasonal strains. Vaccines were generally well tolerated, causing no SAEs, and profiles typical of MF59-adjuvanted vaccines. Reactions were mainly mild or moderate and transient, and unaffected by prior or concomitant seasonal vaccination except for elderly subjects previously given MF59-adjuvanted seasonal vaccine, whose reaction rates to Focetria were about half those seen in groups receiving their first MF59 vaccine. Conclusion:, One dose of MF59-adjuvanted H1N1v vaccine met the licensure criteria for adult and elderly subjects 3 months after seasonal vaccination, or concomitantly with seasonal vaccine in adults, without impacting the tolerability or immunogenicity of either vaccine, thus facilitating mass influenza immunisation campaigns. [source]

Plant-Derived Vaccines: A New Approach to International Public Health

JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 1 2004
CHARLES J. ARNTZEN
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Comments on Plant-Derived Vaccines:

JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 1 2004
A New Approach to International Public Health
No abstract is available for this article. [source]