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Urine Dipstick Testing (urine + dipstick_testing)

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Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Diagnostic performance of urine dipstick testing in children with suspected UTI: a systematic review of relationship with age and comparison with microscopy

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 4 2010
R Mori
Abstract Background:, Prompt diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children is needed to initiate treatment but is difficult to establish without urine testing, and reliance on culture leads to delay. Urine dipsticks are often used as an alternative to microscopy, although the diagnostic performance of dipsticks at different ages has not been established systematically. Method:, Studies comparing urine dipstick testing in infants versus older children and urine dipstick versus microscopy were systematically searched and reviewed. Meta-analysis of available studies was conducted. Results:, Six studies addressed these questions. The results of meta-analysis showed that the performance of urine dipstick testing was significantly less in the younger children when compared with older children (p < 0.01). Positive likelihood ratio (LR) of both nitrite and leucocyte positive 38.54 [95% confidence interval (CI) 22.49,65.31], negative LR for both negative 0.13 (95% CI 0.07,0.25) are reasonably good, and those for young infants are less reliable [positive LR 7.62 (95% CI 0.95,51.85) and negative LR 0.34 (95% CI 0.66,0.15)]. Comparing microscopy and urine dipstick testing, using bacterial colony count on urine culture showed no significant difference between the two methods. Conclusion:, Urine dipstick testing is more effective for diagnosis of UTI in children over 2 years than for younger children. [source]

Is microscopic haematuria a urological emergency?

BJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 4 2002
M.A. Khan
Objective ,To determine the prevalence of urological pathology in a retrospective and prospective study of patients with microscopic haematuria attending a haematuria clinic. Patients and methods ,Between January 1998 and May 2001, 781 patients attended the haematuria clinic; of these, 368 (47%; median age 60 years, range 18,90) had a history of microscopic haematuria, as detected by urine dipstick testing. These patients were investigated by urine culture and cytology, renal ultrasonography, intravenous urography (IVU), flexible cystoscopy, urea and electrolyte analysis, and assay of prostate specific antigen (PSA) where appropriate. Results ,Urine cytology showed no malignant cells in any patient with a history of microscopic haematuria. In 143 patients (39%), urine cytology showed no red blood cells and all other investigations were normal. Of the remaining 225 patients, IVU showed a tumour in one (bladder), renal stones in 15 and an enlarged prostate in two. Renal ultrasonography detected no additional pathology. Urine analysis showed one urinary tract infection. Flexible cystoscopy detected five patients with a bladder tumour (all G1pTa), two urethral strictures, five bladder stones and enlarged prostates, six enlarged prostates only, and nine red patches in the bladder, showing one patient with carcinoma in situ . No PSA levels were suggestive of prostate cancer. Conclusion ,Patients with dipstick-positive haematuria should be re-assessed by urine microscopy before referral. As only 1.4% of patients had a malignant pathology (all noninvasive), microscopic haematuria should be regarded as a separate entity from macroscopic haematuria, and such patients do not need to be referred urgently. [source]

Diagnostic performance of urine dipstick testing in children with suspected UTI: a systematic review of relationship with age and comparison with microscopy

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 4 2010
R Mori
Abstract Background:, Prompt diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children is needed to initiate treatment but is difficult to establish without urine testing, and reliance on culture leads to delay. Urine dipsticks are often used as an alternative to microscopy, although the diagnostic performance of dipsticks at different ages has not been established systematically. Method:, Studies comparing urine dipstick testing in infants versus older children and urine dipstick versus microscopy were systematically searched and reviewed. Meta-analysis of available studies was conducted. Results:, Six studies addressed these questions. The results of meta-analysis showed that the performance of urine dipstick testing was significantly less in the younger children when compared with older children (p < 0.01). Positive likelihood ratio (LR) of both nitrite and leucocyte positive 38.54 [95% confidence interval (CI) 22.49,65.31], negative LR for both negative 0.13 (95% CI 0.07,0.25) are reasonably good, and those for young infants are less reliable [positive LR 7.62 (95% CI 0.95,51.85) and negative LR 0.34 (95% CI 0.66,0.15)]. Comparing microscopy and urine dipstick testing, using bacterial colony count on urine culture showed no significant difference between the two methods. Conclusion:, Urine dipstick testing is more effective for diagnosis of UTI in children over 2 years than for younger children. [source]