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Urinary Markers (urinary + marker)
Selected AbstractsUrinary Markers in Healthy Young and Aged Dogs and Dogs with Chronic Kidney DiseaseJOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 1 2010P.M.Y. Smets Background: Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine concentrations only detect a decrease of >75% of renal functional mass. Therefore, there is a need for markers that allow early detection and localization of renal damage. Hypothesis: Urinary albumin (uALB), C-reactive protein (uCRP), retinol binding protein (uRBP), and N -acetyl-,- d -glucosaminidase (uNAG) concentrations are increased in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with healthy controls and in healthy older dogs compared with young dogs. Animals: Ten dogs with CKD, 10 healthy young dogs (age 1,3 years), and 10 healthy older dogs (age > 7 years) without clinically relevant abnormalities on physical examination, hematology, biochemistry, and urinalysis. Methods: Urinary markers were determined using an ELISA (uALB, uCRP, and uRBP) or a colorimetric test (uNAG). Results were related to urinary creatinine (c). The fixed effects model or the Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare the different groups of dogs. Results: uALB/c, uRBP/c, and uNAG/c were significantly higher in CKD dogs than in healthy dogs. No significant difference was found for uCRP, which was not detectable in the healthy dogs and only in 3 of the CKD dogs. Between the healthy young and older dogs, no significant difference was detected for any of the markers. Conclusion: The urinary markers uALB/c, uRBP/c, and uNAG/c were significantly increased in dogs with CKD compared with healthy controls. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the ability of these markers to detect renal disease before the onset of azotemia. [source] Urinary markers for urothelial cancerBJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 7 2004T.M. Lane First page of article [source] Stable isotope dilution analysis of N-acetylaspartic acid in urine by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometryBIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY, Issue 9 2007Osama Y. Al-Dirbashi Abstract N -acetylaspartic acid (NAA) is a specific urinary marker for Canavan disease, an autosomal recessive leukodystrophy. We developed a ,dilute and shoot' stable isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for determination of NAA in urine. Deuterated internal standard d3 -NAA was added to untreated urine and the mixture was injected into the LC-MS/MS system operated in the negative ion mode. Chromatography was carried out on a C8 minibore column using 50% acetonitrile solution containing 0.05% formic acid at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min. The retention time was 1.6 min and the turnaround time was 2.2 min. NAA and d3 -NAA were analyzed in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Calibrators and quality control samples were prepared in pooled control urine. The assay was linear up to 2000 µmol/L with limit of quantification at 1 µmol/L (S/N = 12). Interassay and intraassay coefficients of variation were less than 7% and recovery at three different concentrations was 98.9,102.5%. The LC-MS/MS method for NAA as described involves no extraction and no derivatization, showed no interference and gave excellent recovery with low variability and short analytical time. The method was successfully applied for the retrospective analysis of urine from 21 Canavan disease cases. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Urine cytology in renal glomerular disease and value of G1 cell in the diagnosis of glomerular bleedingDIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 2 2003Gia-Khanh Nguyen M.D. Abstract The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the cytology of urine sediments in patients with glomerular diseases, as well as the value of G1 dysmorphic erythrocytes (G1DE) or G1 cells in the detection of renal glomerular hematuria. Freshly voided urine samples from 174 patients with glomerular diseases were processed according to the method used for semiquantitative cytologic urinalysis. G1DEs (distorted erythrocytes with doughnut-like shape, target configuration with or without membranous protrusions or blebs), non-G1DEs (distorted erythrocytes without the above-mentioned morphologic changes), normal erythrocytes (NEs), and renal tubular cells (RTCs) were evaluated. Erythrocytic casts (ECs) were counted and graded as abundant (>1 per high-power field) or rare (1 per 5 high-power fields). G1DE/total erythrocyte ratios were calculated by counting 200 erythrocytes including G1DEs, non-G1DEs, and NEs. Only abundant NEs were found in 13 cases; abundant G1DEs, non-G1DEs, NEs, and no ECs in 95 cases; abundant NEs, non-G1DEs, and ECs and no G1DEs in 31 cases; and abundant NEs, G1DEs and non-G1DEs, and rare ECs in 35 cases. In 130 cases in which G1DEs were present, the G1DE/total erythrocyte ratios varied from 10% to 100%. This parameter was greater or equal to 80%, 50%, 20%, and 10% in 58 (44.6%), 29 (22.3%), 28 (21.5%), and 15 (11.5%) patients, respectively. In all cases, the number of RTCs was within normal limits or slightly increased, and a variable number of non-G1DEs were present in 161 cases. Thus, abundant ECs and/or G1DEs with a G1DE/total erythrocyte ratio of 10,100% proved to be specific urinary markers for renal glomerular diseases. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2003;29:67,73. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Urinary L-FABP and anaemia: distinct roles of urinary markers in type 2 diabetesEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Issue 2 2010M. Von Eynatten Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (2): 95,102 Abstract Background, Urinary liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) and kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1, novel urinary biomarkers of renal tubulointerstitial function, have previously been associated with acute ischaemic kidney injury. We studied the clinical significance of urinary L-FABP, KIM-1 and N -acetyl-,-glucosaminidase (NAG) as potential markers of renal function and chronic ischaemic injury in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Material and methods, A total of 130 type 2 diabetes patients with early diabetic nephropathy and 40 healthy controls were studied. Urinary L-FABP, KIM-1, NAG, albumin excretion rate (AER) and creatinine clearance were obtained from 24-h urine samples, and correlated with measures of red blood cell count, renal function and metabolic control. Results, Urinary L-FABP was significantly increased in diabetes patients compared with healthy controls [8·1 (interquartile 0·6,11·6) vs. 2·4 (0·5,3·6) ,g/g creatinine, P < 0·001] and correlated with AER (r = 0·276, P = 0·002), creatinine clearance (r = ,0·189, P = 0·033) and haemoglobin levels (r = ,0·190, P = 0·030). In multivariable linear regression analysis, haemoglobin (, = ,0·247, P = 0·015) and AER (, = 0·198, P = 0·046) were significant predictors of urinary L-FABP. Prevalent anaemia was independently associated with a 6-fold risk for increased tubulointerstitial kidney damage (upper vs. lower two L-FABP tertiles: OR, 6·06; 95% CI: 1·65,22·23; P = 0·007). Urinary KIM-1 was not significantly associated with kidney function, AER, or measures of red blood cell count while urinary NAG was associated with parameters of glucose control and renal function. Conclusions, Different urinary biomarkers may reflect distinct pathophysiological mechanisms of tubulointerstitial damage in early diabetic nephropathy: Urinary L-FABP could be a novel biomarker for chronic intrarenal ischaemia. [source] Hypertension, erythrocyturia and proteinuria in childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphomaNEPHROLOGY, Issue 3 2006WASIU A OLOWU SUMMARY: Aim: The objectives were to determine the prevalence and outcome of hypertension, significant microerythrocyturia and proteinuria among children with acute renal failure (ARF) due to Burkitt-type non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (BNHL). Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical and laboratory data of children with BNHL/ARF was undertaken. Results: Nine of 23 (39.13%) BHNL/ARF children aged 5,14 years were found to have significant microerythrocyturia and proteinuria as urinary markers of glomerulonephritis (GN). Eight of nine were hypertensive with hypertensive encephalopathy (HTE) in three, and congestive heart failure (CCF)/pulmonary oedema in six. Three of nine patients (33.3%) died from these complications; two from CCF and one from a combination of CCF and HTE. A fourth death was due to uraemia. Treatments with cytotoxic drugs and anti-tumour lysis syndrome therapy resulted in normotension, improved clinical outcome and normalisation of laboratory features of ARF and GN in all five (55.6%) survivors. Conclusion: We conclude that all the children with BNHL/ARF had enlarged kidneys and evidence of glomerular disease. The mechanism of the glomerular disease is unclear. It is associated with a high mortality rate. [source] | ||||||||||