Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Urinary Iodine (urinary + iodine)
Selected AbstractsUrinary iodine and thyroid volume in a Swedish populationJOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 5 2004M. Milakovic Abstract. Objective., To evaluate the present efficacy of an iodine supplementation programme working in Sweden since 1936 by studying the iodine excretion in urine and determining the thyroid volume in a population in a semi-rural community. Design., A cross-sectional population screening comprising three age groups with randomly selected individuals: group 1 (children): 7,9 years, n = 61 (invited 70); group 2 (teenagers): 15,17 years, n = 61 (invited 63), and group 3 (adults): 60,65 years; n = 57 (invited 73). Main measurements., Urinary iodine was measured spectrophotometrically; thyroid volume by ultrasonography. Results., The median values for urinary iodine concentration in the three age groups were 194 ,g L,1, 246 ,g L,1 and 190 ,g L,1, respectively, indicating an adequate iodine intake. In the 7,9 year olds, the median value of the thyroid volume was 4.7 mL, which coincides with the recently established upper limit of normal children of that age, 4.0,4.8 mL (ICCIDD, International Council for control iodine deficiency disorders). One eight-year-old boy had a pronounced goiter. Four teenagers and one adult were found to have an enlarged thyroid gland according to earlier established reference volumes (15 years >16 mL; adults > 25 mL). Conclusion., We conclude that the iodine intake in our region is sufficient in age groups ranging from young children to pre-retirement adults. [source] Persistent iodine deficiency in a cohort of Tasmanian school children: associations with socio-economic status, geographical location and dietary factorsAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, Issue 5 2004Kristen L. Hynes Objective: To determine the adequacy of iodine nutrition of Tasmanian primary school-aged children and to examine possible associations with socio-economic status (SES), location and dietary factors. Methods: Urinary iodine levels and measures of SES, geographical information and dietary habits were surveyed in a population-based sample of 170 children (4 to 12 years) at baseline (1998/99) and at follow-up (2000/01). Results: Median urinary iodine concentration in 1989-99 and 2000-01 were 75 ,g/L (range 15 ,g/L to 240 ,g/L) and 76 ,g/L (range 18 ,g/L to 480 ,g/L) respectively. No significant associations with SES or geographical location were found. More frequent or recent intake of foods that are likely to be dietary sources of iodine tended to be associated with greater prevalence of adequate urinary iodine, particularly consumption of yoghurt and ,fruche' (p=0.04). Conclusions: After several decades of iodine sufficiency, Tasmanian primary school-aged children are again mildly iodine-deficient by WHO criteria. Despite reduction in iodophor use by the dairy industry in the past decade, consumption of dairy products continues to be associated with higher levels of iodine nutrition. Implications: The lack of association of iodine levels with SES and geographical location within Tasmania found in our study, and the results of studies of iodine levels in Melbourne and Sydney, suggest that inadequate iodine nutrition is a widespread problem in south-eastern Australia. Our study suggests that milk-containing products continue to be an important source of iodine for children. [source] Beneficial effects of iodized salt prophylaxis on thyroid volume in an iodine deficient area of southern ItalyCLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 1 2009Daniela Bonofiglio Summary Objective and subjects, Goitre prevalence in school-age children is an indicator of the severity of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in an endemic area. The aims of the present study were (i) to provide ultrasound thyroid volume (TV) reference values in a healthy population of school-children aged 11,14 year living in iodine-sufficient areas of Calabria region (ii) to assess both goitre prevalence and urinary iodine (UI) concentration in all children aged 11,14 year from four mildly iodine-deficient areas in which we have carried out a program of salt iodization and (iii) to evaluate the efficacy of the iodoprophylaxis in an adult population living in a small village of the same endemic area. Design, Cross-sectional and prospective studies. Methods, TV was assessed by ultrasonography and iodine intake was estimated by measuring iodine excretion in spot urine samples. Results, We provided the ultrasound normal reference values as a function of age and body surface area, which displayed significant differences from those recommended by the World Health Organization. By adopting local criteria, the prevalence of goitre in children ranged from 23·4% to 27·7% normalized for age and body surface area, respectively, while the UI excretion was < 100 µg/l in 38% of subjects studied. In an adult population living in the same endemic area, goitre prevalence was lowest in the 18,27-year-old age group, and increased progressively with age. Conclusion, We propose for the first time local reference ultrasound values for TV in a population of 11,14-year-old school-children that should be used for monitoring IDDs and have demonstrated the beneficial effects of iodoprophylaxis in consistent with reduced goitre prevalence in children and in the young adult population studied. [source] Factors associated with elevated serum concentrations of anti-TPO antibodies in subjects with and without diffuse goitre.CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 6 2007American Cohort Study of Thyroid Cancer, Other Thyroid Diseases Following the Chornobyl Accident, Results from the Ukrainian Summary Objectives, To examine factors associated with the prevalence of elevated anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (ATPO) among iodine-deficient adolescents and young adults and test whether associations vary according to the presence of diffuse goitre. Design, Subjects were members of the Ukrainian,American Cohort Study exposed to the Chornobyl accident whose 131I thyroid dose estimates were below 0·2 Gy. Measurements, The odds ratios (ORs) for ATPO above 60 U/ml were estimated using logistic regression models for a number of factors in the total population (N = 5133), and separately for thyroid disease-free subjects (N = 3875), those with diffuse goitre (N = 921), and diffuse goitre without autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT; N = 883). Results, Elevated ATPO was found in 9·9% of the total population and ORs were significantly higher in females, older individuals, those examined in earlier calendar years, residents of Kyiv and Chernihiv oblasts, subjects with a family history of thyroid disease, higher thyroid ultrasound volume, suppressed or elevated TSH, blood collection in March to May, very low thyroglobulin (Tg), and shorter serum storage time. When thyroid disease-free subjects and those with diffuse goitre were compared, there were few differences in antibody prevalence, and after excluding individuals with AIT, the only difference was an increased prevalence of elevated ATPO at low urinary iodine in those with goitre alone. Conclusions, Although a number of factors are associated with the prevalence of elevated ATPO in our study group, with the exception of urinary iodine these factors are independent of goitre, and differences between thyroid disease-free subjects and those with diffuse goitre are largely due to AIT. [source] | ||||||||||