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Urban Size (urban + size)
Selected AbstractsAn Urban Approach to Firm Entry: The Effect of Urban SizeGROWTH AND CHANGE, Issue 4 2005JOSEP-MARIA ARAUZO-CAROD ABSTRACT This article explores the determinants of firm entry in Spanish municipalities. The authors consider that size is an important determinant of a city's capacity to attract new manufacturing firms. Panel data were used to estimate the determinants of entry according to urban size in Spain (from 1994 to 1702). This article contributes to the literature on market entry because most previous contributions have focused on regional factors rather than urban ones. The results show that local characteristics affect the formation of new firms. However, more local data are needed to obtain more specific results. [source] Growth and Location of Economic Activity: The Spatial Dynamics of Industries in Canada 1971,2001GROWTH AND CHANGE, Issue 3 2006MARIO POLÈSE ABSTRACT A growing literature has accumulated that points to the stability of industrial location patterns. Can this be reconciled with spatial dynamics? This article starts with the premise that demonstrable regularities exist in the manner in which individual industries locate (and relocate) over space. For Canada, spatial distributions of employment are examined for seventy-one industries over a thirty-year period (1971,2001). Industry data is organized by "synthetic regions" based on urban size and distance criteria. "Typical" location patterns are identified for industry groupings. Industrial spatial concentrations are then compared over time using correlation analysis, showing a high degree of stability. Stable industrial location patterns are not, the article finds, incompatible with differential regional growth. Five spatial processes are identified, driving change. The chief driving force is the propensity of dynamic industries to start up in large metro areas, setting off a process of diffusion (for services) and crowding out (for manufacturing), offset by the centralizing impact of greater consumer mobility and falling transport costs. These changes do not, however, significantly alter the relative spatial distribution of most industries over time. [source] An Urban Approach to Firm Entry: The Effect of Urban SizeGROWTH AND CHANGE, Issue 4 2005JOSEP-MARIA ARAUZO-CAROD ABSTRACT This article explores the determinants of firm entry in Spanish municipalities. The authors consider that size is an important determinant of a city's capacity to attract new manufacturing firms. Panel data were used to estimate the determinants of entry according to urban size in Spain (from 1994 to 1702). This article contributes to the literature on market entry because most previous contributions have focused on regional factors rather than urban ones. The results show that local characteristics affect the formation of new firms. However, more local data are needed to obtain more specific results. [source] Une histoire de résidus : à propos des facteurs généraux et locaux de croissance régionale au Canada, de 1971 à 2001THE CANADIAN GEOGRAPHER/LE GEOGRAPHE CANADIEN, Issue 4 2009PHILIPPE APPARICIO local economic development; regional growth models; centre-periphery En partant d'un modèle géostatistique d'explication des variations locales de croissance d'emploi pour le Canada (1971,2001), les résidus , par rapport aux prédictions , sont analysés dans le temps et dans l'espace, permettant ainsi de faire la distinction entre, d'une part, des facteurs à portée générale et, d'autre part, des facteurs proprement locaux, conjoncturels ou aléatoires. Le pouvoir d'explication du modèle, qui intègre des variables telles que la taille, la distance et les structures industrielles s'accroît dans le temps, si bien que la dynamique spatiale de l'économie canadienne s'aligne de plus en plus sur des grandes variables géo-structurelles. Toutefois, un regard sur les résidus révèle des processus plus localisés. La volatilité des trajectoires est surtout manifeste en Alberta et en Colombie-Britannique, qui abritent les économies locales les plus erratiques. Des processus émergents se devinent pour la dernière période, dont la sous-performance du Nord ontarien et des localités non-métropolitaines sur l'axe Québec-Windsor, riveraines du Saint-Laurent et des Grands-Lacs. En contrepartie, la surperformance de villes moyennes du Sud-est québécois laisse deviner des processus proprement locaux, associés au dynamisme de l'entreprenariat local. Starting from an econometric model of local employment growth, applied to Canada (1971,2001), residuals,relative to model predictions,are analyzed over time and over space, in turn allowing us to draw a distinction between general explanatory variables and factors of a more local, cyclical or accidental nature. The model's explanatory power grows over time, founded on variables such as urban size, market access and industrial structure, allowing us to conclude that local employment growth in Canada follows an increasingly geographically predictable pattern. However, an examination of the residuals reveals more localized processes. Growth volatility is most manifest in Alberta and British Columbia, home to the most erratic local economies. Emerging patterns are visible in the last period, most notably the underperformance of Northern Ontario and of non-metropolitan communities between Windsor and Québec City, lying along the Great Lakes and the Saint Lawrence. The over-performance,compared to model predictions , of small and mid-sized towns in south-eastern Québec can, on the other hand, be interpreted as a sign of truly local social processes, generally associated with a particularly dynamic local entrepreneurial class. [source] | ||||||||||