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Urate Concentration (urate + concentration)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Serum antioxidant and cholesterol levels in patients with different types of cancer

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS, Issue 6 2001
Clifford Abiaka
Abstract Serum antioxidant (urate, ,-tocopherol) activity and cholesterol concentration in 142 patients of Indian and Arab (Kuwaitis and other Arabs) origin with different types of cancer (breast, colon, stomach, thyroid, oral, rectal, pancreatic, and renal) were compared to 100 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Values were expressed as medians (interquartile range). Urate concentration was significantly decreased in male patients compared to male controls (P < 0.0001) and in female patients and female breast cancer cases compared to female controls; P < 0.0001 and P = 0.001, respectively. ,-Tocopherol concentration decreased significantly in total cancer, stomach, colon, rectal, and breast cancer cases than the controls; P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, P = 0.012, and P = 0.022, respectively. Cholesterol concentration decreased significantly in stomach, oral, colon, and total cancer cases compared to the controls; P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, P = 0.002, and P = 0.012, respectively. Among controls, females had significantly (P < 0.0001) lower concentrations of ,-tocopherol than males. Among patients, cholesterol, urate, and ,-tocopherol concentrations decreased significantly in smokers than in nonsmokers; P < 0.0001, P = 0.004, and P = 0.047, respectively. Generally, changes in ,-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios mimicked changes in ,-tocopherol concentration. Concentrations of all parameters decreased significantly in male patients compared to male controls. Age was positively associated with all three analytes with respect to the controls. ,-Tocopherol correlated with cholesterol in cancer patients (r = 0.367; P < 0.0001) and with urate in the controls (r = 0.342; P < 0.0001). The data suggest cancer-related diminished synthesis of cholesterol and, generally, a greater antioxidant burden for ,-tocopherol than urate in cancer-generated oxidative stress. The increased incidence of pancreatic cancer in Kuwaitis warrants further study. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 15:324,330, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Elevated serum urate concentration independently predicts poor outcome following stroke in patients with diabetes

DIABETES/METABOLISM: RESEARCH AND REVIEWS, Issue 1 2006
Edward J. Newman
Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for stroke and confers increased risk of poor outcome and further vascular events following stroke. Hyperuricaemia occurs commonly in patients with type 2 diabetes, but its significance as a predictor of outcome following stroke is uncertain. We sought to investigate the prognostic significance of elevated serum urate concentration in diabetic subjects following stroke. Methods We studied a cohort of type 2 diabetes patients presenting to our unit with computed tomography-confirmed acute stroke. Fasting blood samples were drawn within 24 h of admission for urate concentration and standard battery of biochemistry and hematological tests. Information on age, stroke type, prior hypertension, smoking status, resolution time of symptoms and National Institutes of Health Stroke Score was collated. The main outcome event was time to myocardial infarction, recurrent stroke or vascular death, as defined in the CAPRIE trial. Stepwise proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the effect of the above variables on event-free survival following stroke. Results One hundred and forty patients were studied. Median follow-up duration was 974 days (IQR 163 to 1830 days). Sixty-four patients suffered an outcome event. Urate levels of greater than 0.42 mmol/L (p < 0.001) and an increasing NIHSS score (p < 0.001) independently predicted increased likelihood of suffering an event. Conclusion Elevated urate concentration is significantly and independently associated with increased risk of future vascular events in diabetic stroke patients. Further studies to elucidate the mechanism of this observation are required. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

REVIEW: Management of gout: beyond allopurinol

INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL, Issue 8 2010
N. W. McGill
Abstract The basic concepts of the pathogenesis and management of gout have not altered for many years. Monosodium urate monohydrate crystals drive the disease and identification of these crystals is required for certain diagnosis. In contrast, our understanding of the mediators of gouty inflammation, the appropriate target serum urate concentration during treatment, the drugs available and the best ways to use those drugs have all advanced in recent years and will be the focus of this review. [source]