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Unique Configuration (unique + configuration)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Psychology	50%

Selected Abstracts

Personality Profiles and the Prediction of Categorical Personality Disorders

JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 2 2001
Robert R. McCrae
Personality disorders (PDs) are usually construed as psychiatric categories characterized by a unique configuration of traits and behaviors. To generate clinical hypotheses from normal personality trait scores, profile agreement statistics can be calculated using a prototypical personality profile for each PD. Multimethod data from 1,909 psychiatric patients in the People's Republic of China were used to examine the accuracy of such hypotheses in the Interpretive Report of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory. Profile agreement indices from both self-reports and spouse ratings were significantly related to PD symptom scores derived from questionnaires and clinical interviews. However, accuracy of diagnostic classification was only modest to moderate, probably because PDs are not discrete categorical entities. Together with other literature, these data suggest that the current categorical system should be replaced by a more comprehensive system of personality traits and personality-related problems. [source]

An experimental investigation of a novel dual-wavelength single-longitudinal-mode fiber laser

MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, Issue 7 2009
Yating Zhou
Abstract A novel continuous-wave fiber laser is proposed and experimentally studied. Due to its unique configuration, the output of the fiber laser is dual-wavelength single-longitude-mode under relative low-gain. The wavelength spacing between the two wavelengths can be tunable slightly, which will benefit some applications of the laser. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1760,1763, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24419 [source]

Relationship of Stigma to HIV Risk Among Women with Mental Illness

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY, Issue 4 2008
Pamela Y. Collins MD
Urban women with severe mental illness (SMI) are vulnerable to stigma and discrimination related to mental illness and other stigmatized labels. Stigma experiences may increase their risk for negative health outcomes, such as HIV infection. This study tests the relationship between perceived stigma and HIV risk behaviors among women with SMI. The authors interviewed 92 women attending community mental health programs using the Stigma of Psychiatric Illness and Sexuality Among Women Questionnaire. There were significant relationships between personal experiences of mental illness and substance use accompanying sexual intercourse; perceived ethnic stigma and having a riskier partner type; and experiences of discrimination and having a casual or sex-exchange partner. Higher scores on relationship stigma were associated with a greater number of sexual risk behaviors. The findings underscore the importance of exploring how stigma attached to mental illness intersects with other stigmatized labels to produce unique configurations of HIV risk. HIV risk reduction interventions and prevention research should integrate attention to stigmatized identities in the lives of women with SMI. [source]

Comparison of hemodynamic responses to social and nonsocial stress: Evaluation of an anger interview

PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 6 2001
Kenneth M. Prkachin
Hemodynamic responses to an anger interview and cognitive and physical stressors were compared, and the stability of associated hemodynamic reactions examined. Participants experienced control, handgrip, counting, and mental arithmetic tests and an anger interview on two occasions. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output were measured. Total peripheral resistance was also derived. The anger interview produced larger, more sustained changes in blood pressure in both sessions than the other stressors. These changes were largely a consequence of increased peripheral resistance. Consistent with previous findings, handgrip was associated with a resistance-type reaction whereas arithmetic was associated with a cardiac output-type reaction. There was low-to-modest stability of hemodynamic reactions to the interview. Further research is necessary to optimize its utility in studies of cardiovascular function. Nevertheless, the findings underscore the ability of ecologically relevant stressors to provoke unique configurations of cardiovascular activity. [source]