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Ultrasonic Device (ultrasonic + device)
Selected AbstractsInfluence of track surface on the equine superficial digital flexor tendon loading in two horses at high speed trotEQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL, Issue 3 2009N. Crevier-Denoix Summary Reasons for performing study: Although track surfaces are a risk factor of tendon injuries, their effects on tendon loading at high speed are unknown. Using a noninvasive ultrasonic technique, it is now possible to evaluate the forces in the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) in exercise conditions. Objectives: To compare the effects of an all-weather waxed track (W) vs. a crushed sand track (S), on the SDFT loading in the trotter horse at high speed. Methods: Two trotter horses were equipped with the ultrasonic device (1 MHz ultrasonic probe, fixed on the palmar metacarpal area of the right forelimb). For each trial, data acquisition was made at 400 Hz and 10 consecutive strides were analysed. In each session, the 2 track surfaces were tested in a straight line. The speed was imposed at 10 m/s and recorded. The right forelimb was also equipped with a dynamometric horseshoe and skin markers. The horse was filmed with a high-speed camera (600 Hz); all recordings were synchronised. Statistical differences were tested using the GLM procedure (SAS; P<0.05). Results: Maximal tendon force was significantly lower on W compared with S. In addition to maximal force peaks around mid-stance, earlier peaks were observed, more pronounced on S than on W, at about 13%(horse 2) and 30% (both horses) of the stance phase. Comparison with kinematic data revealed that these early peaks were accompanied by plateaux in the fetlock angle-time chart. For high tendon forces, the tendon maximal loading rate was significantly lower on W than on S. Conclusions and potential clinical relevance: The all-weather waxed track appears to induce a lesser and more gradual SDFT loading than crushed sand. The SDFT loading pattern at high speed trot suggests proximal interphalangeal joint movements during limb loading. [source] Mechanical non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: a double-blind randomized longitudinal clinical study.JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 7 2009I: clinical results Abstract Background: Peri-implantitis is a frequent finding in patients with dental implants. The present study compared two non-surgical mechanical debridement methods of peri-implantitis. Material and Methods: Thirty-seven subjects (mean age 61.5; S.D±12.4), with one implant each, demonstrating peri-implantitis were randomized, and those treated either with titanium hand-instruments or with an ultrasonic device were enrolled. Data were obtained before treatment, and at 1, 3, and 6 months. Parametric and non-parametric statistics were used. Results: Thirty-one subjects completed the study. The mean bone loss at implants in both groups was 1.5 mm (SD ±1.2 mm). No group differences for plaque or gingival indices were found at any time point. Baseline and 6-month mean probing pocket depths (PPD) at implants were 5.1 and 4.9 mm (p=0.30) in both groups. Plaque scores at treated implants decreased from 73% to 53% (p<0.01). Bleeding scores also decreased (p<0.01), with no group differences. No differences in the total bacterial counts were found over time. Higher total bacterial counts were found immediately after treatment (p<0.01) and at 1 week for ultrasonic-treated implants (p<0.05). Conclusions: No group differences were found in the treatment outcomes. While plaque and bleeding scores improved, no effects on PPD were identified. [source] Influence of different treatment approaches on non-submerged and submerged healing of ligature induced peri-implantitis lesions: an experimental study in dogsJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 8 2006Frank Schwarz Abstract Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate non-submerged and submerged healing of ligature induced peri-implantitis in dogs. Material and Methods: Peri-implantitis was induced by ligature placement in five beagle dogs (n=30 implants). The defects were randomly and equally allocated in a split-mouth design to either closed treatment+non-submerged healing (CNS), or open treatment+submerged healing (OS) using an Er:YAG laser (ERL), an ultrasonic device (VUS), or plastic curettes+local application of metronidazole gel (PCM), respectively. The animals were sacrificed after 3 months. Clinical, radiological and histological (e.g. new bone-to-implant contact (BIC)) parameters were assessed. Results: All treatment procedures resulted in statistically significant improvements of all clinical parameters at both CNS and OS implants. Radiological improvements were merely observed at OS implants. Histomorphometrical analysis revealed that all CNS implants exhibited comparable low amounts of new BIC (1.0,1.2%), while mean BIC was statistically significant higher in the respective OS groups [ERL (44.8%), PCM (14.8%), VUS (8.7%)]. Conclusion: Within the limits of the present study, it was concluded that (i) OS improved the outcome of treatment in comparison with CNS and (ii) ERL seemed to be more suitable to promote re-osseointegration than PCM and VUS. [source] Open flap debridement with or without intentional cementum removal: a 4-month follow-upJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 9 2005Antonio Wilson Sallum Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of cementum removal on periodontal repair. Material and Methods: Forty subjects with chronic periodontitis and presenting, at least, two proximal sites in anterior teeth (upper or lower) with probing depth 5 mm were selected. After oral hygiene instructions and ultrasonic supragingival instrumentation, the subjects were randomly assigned for one of the following groups: CIC, scaled with Gracey curettes; CIUS, scaled with ultrasonic device; CDC, calculus deattachment with Gracey curettes and brushing with saline solution; and CDUS, calculus deattachment with ultrasonic device and brushing with saline solution. Full-thickness flaps were reflected and the instrumentation was performed with a clinical microscope. Probing depth (PD), relative gingival margin level (RGML) and relative attachment level (RAL) were registered at five experimental periods: baseline and 30, 60, 90 and 120 days postoperative. Results: All the approaches were able to markedly reduce the PD values from the baseline to the other evaluation periods (p<0.0001). The increase in RGML values was statistically significant only for the CDUS group. There were no statistically significant differences between the baseline and postoperative values in all groups for the RAL changes. The changes in RAL were statistically significant only among the groups CDC and CDUS (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The conventional scaling and root planing and the calculus deattachment were effective in reducing the probing depth values, regardless of the instrumentation method. [source] Significant influence of scaler tip design on root substance loss resulting from ultrasonic scaling: a laserprofilometric in vitro studyJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 11 2004Søren Jepsen Abstract Objectives: Ultrasonic scalers have become increasingly popular for subgingival debridement. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of different working tip designs (narrow versus wide) on root substance loss caused by either magnetostrictive or piezoelectric ultrasonic devices. Methods: In this in vitro study, a magnetostrictive ultrasonic system with either Slimline or TFI-10 inserts and a piezoelectric ultrasonic system with either Perioprobe or Type-A inserts were compared at different application forces. Loss of root dentin was determined by defect width, defect depth and defect volume resulting from standardized instrumentation using laser profilometry. Results: There were consistent and statistically significant differences between all groups. The mean observed dentin alterations for the magnetostrictive ultrasonic device operating a Slimline insert at a lateral force of 0.3 N were 254.4 ,m, 6.3 ,m and 22.5 ,m3 and for the TFI-10 tip 759.0 ,m, 23.5 ,m and 160.2 ,m3 for the parameters defect width, depth and volume, respectively. For the piezoelectric ultrasonic system operating a Perioprobe insert, the corresponding mean values were 352.0 ,m/12.1 ,m/56.4 ,m3 and for the universal Type-A insert they were 402.4 ,m/14.0 ,m/133.4 ,m3. With application forces of 0.7 N, root substance removal increased up to twofold. Conclusion: The present investigation could demonstrate that the aggressiveness of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric ultrasonic devices to root substance was significantly influenced by the scaler tip designs, increasing for wider scaler tips as compared with narrow, probe-shaped inserts. [source] Non-surgical periodontal treatment with a new ultrasonic device (VectorÔ-ultrasonic system) or hand instrumentsJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 6 2004A prospective, controlled clinical study Abstract Objectives: The aim of this prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study was to compare the effectiveness of a newly developed ultrasonic device to that of scaling and root planing for non-surgical periodontal treatment. Material and Methods: Thirty-eight patients with moderate to advanced chronic periodontal disease were treated according to an "one-stage procedure" with either a newly developed ultrasonic device (VUS) (VectorÔ-ultrasonic system) or scaling and root planing (SRP) using hand instruments. Clinical assessments by plaque index (PlI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were made prior to and at 6 months after treatment. Differences in clinical parameters were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed ranks test and Mann and Whitney U -test. Results: No differences in any of the investigated parameters were observed at baseline between the two groups. The mean value of BOP decreased in the VUS group from 32% at baseline to 20% after 6 months (p<0.001) and in the SRP group from 30% at baseline to 18% after 6 months (p<0.001). The results have shown that at moderately deep sites (initial PD 4,5 mm) mean CAL changed in the test group from 4.6±1.2 to 4.2±1.6 mm (p< 0.001) and in the control group from 4.8±1.3 to 4.4±1.5 mm (p<0.001). At deep sites (inital PD>6 mm) mean CAL changed in the test group from 8.5±1.9 to 7.9±2.4 mm (p<0.001) and in the control group from 7.9±1.6 to 7.2±2.2 mm (p<0.001). No statistically significant differences in any of the investigated parameters were found between the two groups. Conclusion: Non-surgical periodontal therapy with the tested ultrasonic device may lead to clinical improvements comparable to those obtained with conventional hand instruments. [source] Subgingival polishing with a teflon-coated sonic scaler insert in comparison to conventional instruments as assessed on extracted teethJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 8 2001(II). Subgingival roughness Abstract Aim: To assess the root surface roughness and topography on extracted teeth using different instruments. Material and Methods: In the present study, laser profilometry was used to examine the 3-D roughness values Ra and Rz and topography of root surfaces of periodontally-involved teeth instrumented in vivo with curette, conventional ultrasonic device, conventional or teflon-coated sonic scaler insert, or the Periotor instrument (12 teeth per instrument type), and compare these with uninstrumented cementum surfaces. Results: The roughness values Ra and Rz of the roots treated with the different instruments showed a similar pattern: curettes and the Periotor instrument produced the smoothest surfaces (Ra about 1.5 ,m, Rz 30 ,m); the 4 other instruments created similar Ra values of approximately 2,3 ,m and Rz roughness of about 50,70 ,m, which equals the untreated root surface. For Ra, the difference between the curette or the Periotor instrument and the teflon-coated sonic insert or ultrasonic insert was significant, and for Rz, a significant difference was found between the curette or the Periotor instrument and ultrasonic insert. As opposed to surfaces debrided with the Periotor and teflon-coated sonic scaler, it appears that hand instruments markedly reconfigure surfaces. Conclusion: The lowest root-surface roughness values were obtained with hand instruments. The teflon tubing on the sonic scaler insert effected no change of topography or roughness as compared to uninstrumented, control surfaces. However, it must be pointed out that hard-tissue removal was not investigated. Zusammenfassung Einführung: Wir wollten die Rauhigkeit und die Topographie der Wurzeloberfläche an extrahierten Zähnen infolge unterschiedlicher Instrumentation einschätzen. Material und Methoden: In der vorliegenden Studie wurde die Laserprofilometrie genutzt, um die 3D Rauhigkeitswerte Ra und Rz sowie die Topographie der Wurzeloberfläche von parodontal erkrankten Zähnen, die in vivo mit Küretten, konventionellen Ultraschallgeräten, konventionellen oder mit Teflon beschichteten Schallscalereinsätzen oder mit dem Periotorgerät (12 Zähne pro Instrumentenart) bearbeitet worden waren, zu überprüfen und dies mit unbehandelten Zementoberflächen zu vergleichen. Ergebnisse: Die Rauhigkeitswerte Ra und Rz der Wurzeln, die mit verschiedenen Instrumenten behandelt worden waren, zeigten ein ähnliches Muster: Küretten und das Periotorinstrument erbrachten die glattesten Oberflächen (Ra ungefähr 1.5 ,m, Rz 30 ,m); die 4 anderen Instrumente schufen gleiche Ra-Werte von ungefähr 2,3 ,m und Rz-Rauhigkeit von ungefähr 50,70 ,m, was den unbehandelten Wurzeloberflächen glich. Für Ra war die Differenz zwischen Kürette oder Periotorinstrument und mit Teflon beschichteten Schalleinsätzen oder Ultraschalleinsätzen signifikant, und für Rz wurde eine signifikante Differenz zwischen der Kürette oder dem Periotorinstrument und dem Ultraschalleinsatz gefunden. Im Gegensatz zu Oberflächen, die mit Periotor und mit Teflon beschichteten Schallscalern bearbeitet wurden, scheint es, daß Handinstrumente die Oberflächen deutlich rekonfigurieren. Schlußfolgerung: Die geringsten Wurzeloberflächenrauhigkeitwerte wurden mit Handinstrumenten erzielt. Die Teflonröhrchen auf den Schallscalereinsätzen erbrachten keine Veränderungen der Topographie oder der Rauhigkeit im Vergleich zu unbehandelten Kontrolloberflächen. Jedoch muß ausgeführt werden, daß die Entfernung des Hartgewebes nicht untersucht wurde. Résumé Nous voulions mettre en évidence la rugosité de la surface radiculaire et sa topographie sur des dents extraites à la suite de polissage avec différents instruments. Dans cette étude, la profilométrie par laser a été utilisée pour examiner les valeurs Ra et Rz de rugosité tridimensionnelle et la topographie des surfaces radiculaires de dents atteintes de maladies parodontales instrumentées in vivo à l'aide de curettes, d'un appareil ultrasonique conventionnel, d'insert de détargrage sonique recouvert de téflon ou du Periotor (12 dents par type d'instrument) et de les comparer avec les valeurs des surfaces cémentaires non-instrumentées. Les valeurs Ra et Rz de rugosité des racines traitées avec les différents instruments montraient des caractéristiques similaires: les curettes et le Periotor produisait les surfaces les plus lisses (Ra environ 1.5 ,m, Rz 30 ,m); les 4 autres instruments donnaient des valeurs Ra de 2,3 ,m approximativement et une rugosité Rz d'environ 50,70 ,m, équilavent aux surfaces non traitées. Pour Ra, la différence entre les curettes ou le Periotor et les inserts soniques recouverts de téflon ou l'insert ultrasonique étaient significatifs, et pour Rz, une différence significative apparaissait entre les curettes ou le priotor et les inserts ultrasoniques. Contrairement aux surfaces débridées avec le periotor et le détartreur sonique recouvert de téflon, il apparaissait que les instruments manuels reconfiguraient la surface remarquablement. Les valeurs les plus basses de rugosité de la surface radiculaire étaient obtenues avec les instruments à mains. Le revètement de téflon sur l'insert sonique n'entrainait pas de modifications de topographie ni de rugosité par rapport au surfaces controles non-instrumentées. Cependant, il faut signaller que l'élimination des tissus durs n'a pas étéétudiée. [source] Dynamics of mucosal dimensions after root coverage with a bioresorbable membraneJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 1 2000Hans-Peter Müller Abstract Background: So far, the clinical effects of the placement of a resorbable membrane for guided tissue regeneration have not been studied in humans in great detail. The dynamics of the resorptive processes, in particular, appear to be rather speculative. In the present longitudinal study, specific alterations of the dimensions of the dentogingival mucosa were explored after surgical root coverage by using a bioresorbable membrane and a coronally-repositioned flap. Methods: The study population consisted of 14 patients with a total of 31 predominantly shallow, Miller class I, II or III recessions. The thickness of the masticatory and lining mucosa before and after surgical intervention was measured with an ultrasonic device. Results: Mean (±sd) recession depth and width were 2.85±1.29 and 4.46±1.14 mm, respectively. After 12 months, 51±29% of the recession depth (p<0.001) and 13±35% of its width (n.s.) were covered. Root coverage seems to be rather defect-type sensitive with best results obtained at canines with relatively shallow recessions. Mucosal thickness was considerably increased after surgery with a gradual decrease during the following 9 months. Thus, thickness of the marginal tissue rose from 0.82±0.27 mm to 1.49±0.54 mm 3 months after placement of the membrane (p<0.001). After 12 months, a mean thickness of 1.03±0.40 mm was observed (p<0.001). Even more pronounced alterations were noted for the alveolar lining mucosa with a threefold increase of thickness 3 months after surgery and a gradual decrease to about 1 mm after 12 months. Conclusions: The present results point to the considerable space making capacity of the bioresorbable membrane which probably allows for the ingrowth of a granulation tissue derived from the underlying structures. The gradual decline in mucosal thickness between months 6 and 9 after surgery may be paralleled by the maturation of the granulation tissue while complete resorption of the membrane had been accomplished. [source] Significant influence of scaler tip design on root substance loss resulting from ultrasonic scaling: a laserprofilometric in vitro studyJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 11 2004Søren Jepsen Abstract Objectives: Ultrasonic scalers have become increasingly popular for subgingival debridement. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of different working tip designs (narrow versus wide) on root substance loss caused by either magnetostrictive or piezoelectric ultrasonic devices. Methods: In this in vitro study, a magnetostrictive ultrasonic system with either Slimline or TFI-10 inserts and a piezoelectric ultrasonic system with either Perioprobe or Type-A inserts were compared at different application forces. Loss of root dentin was determined by defect width, defect depth and defect volume resulting from standardized instrumentation using laser profilometry. Results: There were consistent and statistically significant differences between all groups. The mean observed dentin alterations for the magnetostrictive ultrasonic device operating a Slimline insert at a lateral force of 0.3 N were 254.4 ,m, 6.3 ,m and 22.5 ,m3 and for the TFI-10 tip 759.0 ,m, 23.5 ,m and 160.2 ,m3 for the parameters defect width, depth and volume, respectively. For the piezoelectric ultrasonic system operating a Perioprobe insert, the corresponding mean values were 352.0 ,m/12.1 ,m/56.4 ,m3 and for the universal Type-A insert they were 402.4 ,m/14.0 ,m/133.4 ,m3. With application forces of 0.7 N, root substance removal increased up to twofold. Conclusion: The present investigation could demonstrate that the aggressiveness of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric ultrasonic devices to root substance was significantly influenced by the scaler tip designs, increasing for wider scaler tips as compared with narrow, probe-shaped inserts. [source] | ||||||||||