Home  About us  Contact
 

Two-pair Primers (two-pair + primer)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences60%

Kinds of Two-pair Primers

  • confronting two-pair primer
    		•

    Selected Abstracts

    Interleukin-2 Gene Polymorphisms Associated with Increased Risk of Gastric Atrophy from Helicobacter pylori Infection

    HELICOBACTER, Issue 3 2005
    Shozo Togawa
    ABSTRACT Background., Gastric atrophy induced by Helicobacter pylori is thought to predispose patients to noncardiac gastric cancer development. However, the host genetic factors that influence the progression of gastric atrophy have not been elucidated. In this study, we examined the effects of cytokine polymorphisms on H. pylori -induced gastric atrophy. Methods., Blood samples were taken from 454 Japanese subjects. The interleukin-2 (IL-2; T-330G), IL-4 (C-33T), and IL-13 (C-1111T) polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers (PCR-CTPP). Anti- H. pylori IgG antibody and pepsinogen I and II were measured to diagnose H. pylori infection and atrophic gastritis. Results., The odds ratios (ORs) for the association between IL-2 polymorphism [OR = 2.78, 95% CI (confidence interval) = 1.26,6.17 (T/T to G/G)] or IL-4 polymorphism [OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.01,4.89 (T/C to C/C)] were increased significantly with gastric atrophy, whereas the corresponding OR of IL-13 polymorphism was decreased with gastric atrophy [OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.39,0.96 (C/T and T/T to C/C)]. There were no significant H. pylori seropositivity-related differences between these polymorphisms. We examined the relationship between these polymorphisms and gastric atrophy separately in H. pylori -seropositive and -seronegative groups. In the H. pylori -seropositive group, the IL-2 T/T (OR = 2.78, 95% CI = 1.12,6.93) had a significant association with gastric atrophy. Conclusions., These results reveal that the IL-2 gene polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of gastric atrophy induced by H. pylori infection and might predispose to gastric cancer. [source]

    Single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping of the barley waxy gene by polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers

    PLANT BREEDING, Issue 3 2004
    E. Domon
    Abstract A high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping procedure was developed to select amylose-free barley mutants whose waxy genes had a C- to T-base substitution in exon 5, which converted Gln-89 of the wild-type gene into a termination codon. An F2 population carrying an amylose-free waxy gene was checked for segregation. Polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers (PCR-CTPP) produced allele-specific PCR products that have different sizes and are inherited in a co-dominant manner. Two alleles of the barley waxy gene with SNP were correctly identified in parental strains using the PCR-CTPP procedure. Segregation of the SNP as detected by PCR-CTPP in an F2 population fitted the expected 1:2:1 ratio. The PCR-CTPP procedure can provide a time saving and cost-effective alternative to derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence in marker-assisted selection. [source]

    Interleukin 1 Polymorphisms, Lifestyle Factors, and Helicobacter pylori Infection

    CANCER SCIENCE, Issue 4 2001
    Nobuyuki Hamajima
    Associations between Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and lifestyle factors have been reported by several authors, but little is known about the host factors associated with the infection. This study aims to examine the infection rate of HP according to gene polymorphisms of interleukin (TL)-IA, IL-1B, and IL-1RN, and to investigate the interactions with lifestyle factors. Subjects were 241 non-cancer outpatients who had participated in a HP eradication program. Polymorphisms at -889 (T to C) of IL-1A, at -31 (C to T; T allele makes a TATA box) and -511 (C to T) of IL-1B, and at intron 2 (86-bp VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats)) of IL-1RN were genotyped by PCR (polymerase chain reaction), PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and PCR-CTPP (PCR with confronting two-pair primers). It was found that IL-1B polymorphisms at -31 and -511 were near-completely linked, but in the opposite way to that in Caucasians; -31C/ -511T and -31T/-511C alleles were dominant in the present subjects. The HP infection rate was substantially different among the genotypes of IL-1B C-31T; 45.2% (19/42) for the C/C, 67.7% (90/133) for the C/T, and 63.6% (42/66) for the T/T. The age-sex adjusted odds ratio (OR) relative to the C/C genotype was 2.32 (95%CI (confidence interval), 1.10-4.92) for the T/C genotype and 2.46 (1.06-5.74) for the T/T genotype. The OR for the T/T genotype was significantly modified by smoking status; interaction term=14.6 (1.12-190). The polymorphisms of IL-1A and IL-1RN were not associated with the infection rate. The results suggested that the T allele of IL-1B C-31T is associated with vulnerability to persistent HP infection, and that the vulnerability is modified by smoking. [source]

    Polymerase Chain Reaction with Confronting Two-pair Primers for Polymorphism Genotyping

    CANCER SCIENCE, Issue 9 2000
    Nobuyuki Hamajima
    A novel PCR method using confronting two-pair primers, named PCR-CTPP, is introduced to detect a single nucleotide polymorphism (base X or Y). One primer for the X allele is set to include X'at the 3,end (antisense), where X'is the antisense of X, with the counterpart sense primer upstream. For the Y allele, a sense primer including Y at the 3,end is set, with the antisense primer downstream. One common band and one specific band for each allele are amplified, which allows genotyping directly by electrophoresis. This method is exemplified by application to the polymorphisms of beta-adrenoceptor 2 and interleukin 1B. It is simpler than PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism), which requires incubation with a restriction enzyme, and is suitable for genotyping in studies of genetic epidemiology involving hundreds of samples. [source]