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Truth
Kinds of Truth Terms modified by Truth Selected Abstracts[Commentary] REPLICATION AND FURTHER SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS WILL TELL THE TRUTHADDICTION, Issue 12 2008GERALD ZERNIG No abstract is available for this article. [source] ALCOHOL PROBLEMS IN NATIVE AMERICA: THE UNTOLD STORY OF THE RESISTANCE AND RECOVERY,THE TRUTH ABOUT THE LIEADDICTION, Issue 1 2007JOSEPH WESTERMEYER No abstract is available for this article. [source] SUCCESS, TRUTH, AND MODERNISM IN HOLOCAUST HISTORIOGRAPHY: READING SAUL FRIEDLÄNDER THIRTY-FIVE YEARS AFTER THE PUBLICATION OF METAHISTORY,HISTORY AND THEORY, Issue 2 2009WULF KANSTEINER ABSTRACT This essay provides a close reading of Saul Friedländer's exceptionally successful comprehensive history of the Holocaust from the theoretical perspective of Hayden White's philosophy of history. Friedländer's The Years of Extermination has been celebrated as the first synthetic history of the "Final Solution" that acknowledges the experiences of the victims of Nazi genocide. But Friedländer has not simply added the voices of the victims to a conventional historical account of the Holocaust. Instead, by displacing linear notions of time and space and subtly deconstructing conventional concepts of causality, he has invented a new type of historical prose that performs rather than analyzes the victims' point of view. Friedländer's innovation has particularly radical consequences for the construction of historical explanations. On the one hand, Friedländer explicitly argues that anti-Semitism was the single most important cause of the Holocaust. On the other hand, his transnational, multifaceted history of the "Final Solution" provides a wealth of data that escapes the conceptual grasp of his explicit model of causation. Friedländer chooses this radically self-reflexive strategy of historical representation to impress on the reader the existential sense of disbelief with which the victims experienced Nazi persecution. To Friedländer, that sense of disbelief constitutes the most appropriate ethical response to the Holocaust. Thus the narratological analysis of The Years of Extermination reveals that the exceptional quality of the book, as well as presumably its success, is the result of an extraordinarily creative act of narrative imagination. Or, put into terms developed by White, who shares Friedländer's appreciation of modernist forms of writing, The Years of Extermination is the first modernist history of the Holocaust that captures, through literary figuration, an important and long neglected reality of the "Final Solution." [source] PHOTOGRAPHS, SYMBOLIC IMAGES, AND THE HOLOCAUST: ON THE (IM)POSSIBILITY OF DEPICTING HISTORICAL TRUTHHISTORY AND THEORY, Issue 2 2009JUDITH KEILBACH ABSTRACT Photography has often been scrutinized regarding its relationship to reality or historical truth. This includes not only the indexicality of photography, but also the question of how structures and processes that comprise history and historical events can be depicted. In this context, the Holocaust provides a particular challenge to photography. As has been discussed in numerous publications, this historic event marks the "limits of representation." Nevertheless there are many photographs "showing" the Holocaust that have been produced in different contexts that bespeak the photographers' gaze and the circumstances of the photographs' production. Some of the pictures have become very well known due to their frequent reproduction, even though they often do not show the annihilation itself, but situations different from that; their interpretation as Holocaust pictures results rather from a metonymic deferral. When these pictures are frequently reproduced they are transformed into symbolic images, that is, images that can be removed from their specific context, and in this way they come to signify abstract concepts such as "evil." Despite being removed from their specific context these images can, as this essay argues, refer to historical truth. First, I explore the arguments of some key theorists of photography (Benjamin, Kracauer, Sontag, Barthes) to investigate the relationship between photography and reality in general, looking at their different concepts of reality, history, and historical truth, as well as the question of the meaning of images. Second, I describe the individual circumstances in which some famous Holocaust pictures were taken in order to analyze, by means of three examples, the question what makes these specific pictures so particularly suitable to becoming symbolic images and why they may,despite their abstract meaning,be able to depict historical truth. [source] Computational verb systems: The paradox of the liarINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, Issue 9 2001Tao Yang In this paper, the paradox of the liar is studied in the framework of (computational) verb logic. Unlike other research on liar's paradox, which were based on classical logical or fuzzy logic framework, the study of liar's paradox in verb logic emphasizes the contribution of verbs to the perception of TRUTH in verb statements or sentences. A new interpretation of the paradox of the liar under verb logic is presented. Then the conditions under which verb liar's paradoxes occur are presented based on BE-transformations. Based on different paradoxical functions, the concepts of strong and weak verb paradoxes are presented. The main conclusion is that liar's paradoxes in verb logic are dynamical processes with time-varying degrees of being paradox (paradoxical value) and are sensitive to different contexts; namely, different BE-transformations. Another conclusion is that in natural language systems, weak verb paradoxes can be used intuitively correctly due to the uncertainties in brain dynamics and can be useful for expressing human emotions. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [source] THE TRUTH ABOUT CONSERVATIVE CHRISTIANS: WHAT THEY THINK AND WHAT THEY BELIEVE By Andrew Greeley and Michael HoutJOURNAL FOR THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF RELIGION, Issue 1 2007DARREN SHERKAT No abstract is available for this article. [source] RELIGIOUS HERMENEUTICS: TEXT AND TRUTH IN NEO-CONFUCIAN READINGS OF THE YIJINGJOURNAL OF CHINESE PHILOSOPHY, Issue 1 2007ON-CHO NG [source] CAMBRIDGE THEOLOGY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY: ENQUIRY, CONTROVERSY AND TRUTH by David M. ThompsonNEW BLACKFRIARS, Issue 1033 2010AIDAN NICHOLS OP No abstract is available for this article. [source] DECONSTRUCTING RADICAL ORTHODOXY: POSTMODERN THEOLOGY, RHETORIC AND TRUTH edited by Wayne Hankey and Douglas Hedley, Ashgate, Aldershot and Burlington, Vt, 2005, £50, Pp. xviii + 191 hbk.NEW BLACKFRIARS, Issue 1009 2006David Grumett No abstract is available for this article. [source] MAKING UP THE TRUTHPACIFIC PHILOSOPHICAL QUARTERLY, Issue 3 2009STEVEN L. REYNOLDS A recent account of the meaning of ,real' leads to a view of what anti-realism should be that resembles fictionalism, while not being committed to fictionalism as such or being subject to some of the more obvious objections to that view. This account of anti-realism explains how we might ,make up' what is true in areas such as mathematics or ethics, and yet these made-up truths are resistant to alterations, even by our collective decisions. Finally it is argued that the sort of anti-realism suggested explains the appearance that the ethical domain supervenes on the naturalistic. [source] PROCLAIMING AND PERFORMING THE GOSPEL: LANGUAGE, TRUTH AND ACTION IN POSTMODERN CHRISTIAN FAITHTHE HEYTHROP JOURNAL, Issue 3 2009MARK G. NIXON First page of article [source] 17TH CENTURY PLATONISMS: JOHN NORRIS ON DESCARTES AND ETERNAL TRUTHTHE HEYTHROP JOURNAL, Issue 6 2008BERNARD N. WILLS First page of article [source] THE EXPRESSIVE ROLE OF TRUTH IN TRUTH-CONDITIONAL SEMANTICSTHE PHILOSOPHICAL QUARTERLY, Issue 229 2007Claire Horisk I define ,skim semantics' to be a Davidson-style truth-conditional semantics combined with a variety of deflationism about truth. The expressive role of truth in truth-conditional semantics precludes at least some kinds of skim semantics; thus I reject the idea that the challenge to skim semantics derives solely from Davidson's explanatory ambitions, and in particular from the ,truth doctrine', the view that the concept of truth plays a central explanatory role in Davidsonian theories of meaning for a language. The fate of skim semantics is not determined by the fate of the truth doctrine, so rejecting the truth doctrine does not in itself open the way to skim semantics. I establish my thesis by showing that some recently proposed versions of skim semantics fail because of truth's expressive role. I also discuss the conditions that might permit skim semantics. [source] COMMENTS ON MERRICKS'S TRUTH AND ONTOLOGYANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY, Issue 4 2008Ross P. Cameron First page of article [source] TRUTH AND FUNDAMENTALITY: ON MERRICKS'S TRUTH AND ONTOLOGYANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY, Issue 4 2008Jonathan Schaffer First page of article [source] DECORATING KNOWLEDGE: THE ORNAMENTAL BOOK, THE PHILOSOPHIC IMAGE AND THE NAKED TRUTHART HISTORY, Issue 2 2005Mary Sheriff This essay examines the relations between decoration and knowledge, reason and imagination, truth and fable in eighteenth-century France. Focusing on the Encyclopédie, ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers, par une société de gens de lettres edited by Denis Diderot and Jean Le Rond d'Alembert, it explores the complicated and contradictory relations of these concepts developed not only in the Encyclopédie's entries, but especially in its Frontispiece designed by C.N. Cochin, fils. Using Maurice Quentin de La Tour's monumental pastel portrait of the marquise de Pompadour sitting beside the Encyclopédie as a central example, the essay also suggests that tensions between decoration/knowledge, reason/imagination, truth/fable still shape current interpretation. [source] NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH?BIOETHICS, Issue 1 2007ON TRUTH AND DECEPTION IN DEMENTIA CARE ABSTRACT Lies and deception are often used in the care for demented elderly and often with the best intentions. However, there is a strong moral presumption against all forms of lying and deceiving. The goal of this article is to examine and evaluate concrete examples of deception and lies in dementia care, while addressing some fundamental issues in the process. It is argued that because dementia slowly diminishes the capacities one needs to distinguish between truths and falsehoods, the ability to be lied to also disappears. When the moral reasons to reject lying are explored, it becomes clear that most of them also hold where demented patients are concerned, though this also depends on the capacities of the patient. Lying, though prima facie wrong, can sometimes be justified with an appeal to well-being. The relationship between well-being and the truth is further explored. Two examples of deceiving demented patients for reasons of beneficence are discussed, from which it can be concluded that although in some cases beneficent lies or deception will not enhance patients' well-being, there are circumstances in which they do. In general, methods that enhance the well-being of the patient without deception or lies should be favored above options that use deceit, and methods of getting the truth across without hurting the patient should be favored above blunt honesty. Finally, it is important to note that not only the patient but also the nursing and medical staff can be affected by the use of lies and deception. [source] On the Scope and Truth of Theology: Theology as Symbolic Engagement , By Robert C. NevilleCONVERSATIONS IN RELIGION & THEOLOGY, Issue 1 2007George Newlands First page of article [source] Should I Believe the Truth?DIALECTICA, Issue 2 2010Daniel Whiting Many philosophers hold that a general norm of truth governs the attitude of believing. In a recent and influential discussion, Krister Bykvist and Anandi Hattiangadi raise a number of serious objections to this view. In this paper, I concede that Bykvist and Hattiangadi's criticisms might be effective against the formulation of the norm of truth that they consider, but suggest that an alternative is available. After outlining that alternative, I argue that it is not vulnerable to objections parallel to those Bykvist and Hattiangadi advance, although it might initially appear to be. In closing, I consider what bearing the preceding discussion has on important questions concerning the natures of believing and of truth. [source] Truth and the Enigma of KnowabilityDIALECTICA, Issue 4 2007Bernhard Weiss Since its disc overy by Fitch, the paradox of knowability has been a thorn in the anti-realist's side. Recently both Dummett and Tennant have sought to relieve the anti-realist by restricting the applicability of the knowability principle , the principle that all truths are knowable , which has been viewed as both a cardinal doctrine of anti-realism and the assumption for reductio of Fitch's argument. In this paper it is argued that the paradox of knowability is a peculiarly acute manifestation of a syndrome affecting anti-realism, against which Dummett's and Tennant's manoeuvres are not finally efficacious. The anti-realist can only cope with the syndrome by being much clearer about her notion of knowability. In fact, she'll have to offer an account which relativises the notion of knowability both to the world at which knowability is assessed and to the content of the proposition to which it is applied. This is not, however, merely an ad hoc manoeuvre to counter the problematic syndrome; rather it is just what we should expect from the anti-realist's intuitive use of the notion. A preliminary investigation indicates that there is no way of providing a general, systematic explanation of such a notion of knowability and thus an inherent restriction on the principle of knowability , but one differing from those offered by either Dummett or Tennant , is developed. [source] Truth, Authenticity, and RationalityDIALECTICA, Issue 3 2007Ronald De Sousa Emotions are Janus-faced. They tell us something about the world, and they tell us something about ourselves. This suggests that we might speak of a truth, or perhaps two kinds of truths of emotions, one of which is about self and the other about conditions in the world. On some views, the latter comes by means of the former. Insofar as emotions manifest our inner life, however, we are more inclined to speak of authenticity rather than truth. What is the difference? We need to distinguish the criteria of correspondence or appropriateness suitable for authenticity from those that embody the criterion of truth. Furthermore there is also a question about the transitions , among states of mind, and between states of mind and behaviour , that emotions encourage. This realm of transitions concerns rationality. After sketching the relevant distinctions, I will endeavour to justify the view that emotions should be appraised in terms of all three terms. [source] Knowing Truth: Peirce's epistemology in an educational contextEDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY AND THEORY, Issue 2 2005Christine L. McCarthy Abstract In this paper I examine Peirce's epistemological and ontological theories and indicate their relevance to educational practice. I argue that Peirces conception of Firsts, Seconds and Thirds entails a fundamental ontological realism. I further argue that Peirce does have a theory of truth, that it is a particular non-traditional ,correspondence' theory, consistent with, and implicit in, an over-arching position of pragmatic realism. Peirce's epistemological position is subject to misinterpretation when the ontological realism on which it rests is overlooked. Finally I suggest that such a re-consideration of Peirce's pragmatic ontology and epistemology in an educational context is needed. [source] Moral, Method, and History in Anne Dowriche's The French HistorieENGLISH LITERARY RENAISSANCE, Issue 2 2004Megan Matchinske In "Truth in the Telling: Moral, Method and History in Anne Dowriche's The French Historie," Megan Matchinske asks readers to consider anew early modern history's propensity to convey moral rather than evidentiary truths. Exploring the formal attributes of historical presentation as they reflect on questions of cause and accountability in Dowriche's Historie, Matchinske underscores the connection between marginalized voice and the shape and direction of historical narrative. The French Historie's polemical style, its focus on structure, trajectory and selection, insists that writers of the past, especially those lacking in power, status or appropriate gender qualification, teach and learn better when their convictions are strong and their storyline directive. Anticipating and disrupting later historico-analytical models in its attention to interpretive closure and instructional force,to "the moral at the end of the story," Dowriche's Historie reminds us of how directive history becomes when "Truth" is on our side. [source] Back to Truth: Knowledge and Pleasure in the Aesthetics of SchopenhauerEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY, Issue 2 2008Paul Guyer First page of article [source] Nietzsche on Truth, Illusion, and RedemptionEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY, Issue 2 2005R. Lanier Anderson First page of article [source] The Theory of Truth in the Theory of MeaningEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY, Issue 2 2004Gurpreet S. Rattan First page of article [source] Truth and Clinical Decision RulesACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 2 2001David C. Seaberg MD No abstract is available for this article. [source] Paganism in Conversion-Age Anglo-Saxon England: The Evidence of Bede's Ecclesiastical History ReconsideredHISTORY, Issue 310 2008S. D. CHURCH This article argues that the current understanding of English paganism relies too heavily on the belief that, when they wrote of the pre-Christian religion(s) of the English, Pope Gregory I (d. 604), in the letters preserved in his Register, and the Northumbrian monk Bede (d. 735), in his Ecclesiastical History, were describing English religion before conversion to Christianity as it really was. Their purpose in discussing English paganism, it is argued, was to provide succour and support for the process by which the English would be saved from eternal damnation in the face of the coming Day of Judgement. Neither Gregory nor Bede, both of whom came to be revered as Fathers of the Church, were passive observers of the conversion process. On the contrary, both men were active participants in the eradication of error amongst the English; error whose detail they had no interest or incentive to describe empirically. These were men who answered to a greater Truth , the Truth of the Word of God. It was this Truth which, this article argues, actually informed their descriptions of English paganism and should inform our understanding of their words on this subject. [source] Fact, Truth, and Text: The Quest for a Firm Basis for Historical Knowledge Around 1900HISTORY AND THEORY, Issue 3 2003Rolf Torstendahl The object of this essay is to discuss two problems and to present solutions to them, which do not quite agree with what is generally said of them. The first problem concerns the history of methods for reaching firm historical knowledge. In three methodological manuals for historians, written by J. G. Droysen, E. Bernheim, and C.-V. Langlois and C. Seignobos and first published in the late nineteenth century, the task of the historian was said to be how to obtain firm knowledge about history. The question is how this message should be understood. The second problem concerns the differences between the three manuals. If their common goal is firm historical knowledge, are there any major differences of opinion? The answer given in this article is yes, and the ground is sought in their theories of truth. [source] The Justice of Truth and ReconciliationHYPATIA, Issue 2 2003THOMAS BRUDHOLM First page of article [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||