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Treatment Provision (treatment + provision)
Selected AbstractsFactors affecting treatment outcomes following complicated crown fractures managed in primary and secondary careDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2006N. G. Jackson Abstract,,, The aims of this retrospective observational study were to determine the factors which affect treatment provision and the Median Survival Time (MST) for maintenance of tooth vitality following complicated crown fracture. The survey was carried out for patients treated at Newcastle Dental Hospital (NDH) according to departmental guidelines over a 2-year period following the introduction of a new protocol for management of these types of injuries. Seventy-three cases of complicated crown fracture were identified in 69 children with a mean age of 10.3 years (SD = 2.5 years). Seventy-one percent of the fractures occurred in males (M:F ratio was 2.5:1). Fifty-one percent of the complicated crown fractures were in immature teeth. Of the 73 traumatised teeth, 45% presented initially in general dental practice (GDP), 37% at the dental hospital and 8% at local accident and emergency departments with the remaining 10% seen at other or unrecorded locations. Of the 41 fractures, which presented initially at a location other than the dental hospital, 38% were referred to the dental hospital without the provision of an emergency pulp bandage. The overall definitive treatments provided for the 37 open apex teeth included pulp cap (19%), partial pulpotomy (32%), cervical pulpotomy (8%) and pulpectomy (35%), while for the 36 closed apex teeth it was pulp cap (28%), pulpotomy (11%), and pulpectomy (61%). Of the 30 teeth, which underwent vital pulp therapy (18 open and 12 closed apex), the MST for the 15 teeth treated with pulp caps was 1460 days (95% CI: 1067, 1853) while for the 15 teeth treated with pulpotomies it was 1375 days (95% CI: 964, 1786). There was no statistically significant difference in the MST between teeth treated with pulp caps and pulpotomies. In conclusion, the proportion of patients referred to secondary care with complicated crown fractures without provision of a pulp bandage is of some concern. More conservative treatment of closed apex teeth sustaining complicated crown fractures, utilizing vital pulp therapy techniques would appear to be appropriate. [source] Connecting patient needs with treatment managementACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 2009R. Kerwin Objective:, To propose ideas for the development of a core strategy for monitoring patients with schizophrenia to ensure physical health and optimal treatment provision. Method:, A panel of European experts in the field of schizophrenia met in Bordeaux in June 2006 to discuss, ,Patient management optimisation through improved treatment monitoring.' Results:, Key consensus from the discussion deemed that weight gain, oral health and ECG parameters were core baseline parameters to be monitored in all patients with schizophrenia. Further, an identification of a patient's own barriers to treatment alongside local health service strategies might comprise elements of an individualised management strategy which would contribute to optimisation of treatment. Any monitoring strategy should be kept simple to encourage physician compliance. Conclusion:, A practical solution to the difficulties of providing holistic patient care would be to suggest a limited set of physical parameters to be monitored by physicians on a regular basis. [source] Impact of treatment provision on the epidemiological recording of root cariesEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES, Issue 1 2000A. W. G. Walls The estimation of root caries prevalence and the identification of risk factors for decay depend upon the successful identification of carious lesions in epidemiological studies. Root surface restorations can either be placed to manage decay or cervical wear/sensitivity. The handling of data for restorations during epidemiological surveys is critical to the accurate assessment of caries prevalence. The objective of this study was to determine the relative frequency of dentists' placing root surface restorations according to their reason for placement. Data for 696 restorations were recorded from 35 dentists. Forty-five % of restorations were placed because of decay compared with 55% for cervical wear/sensitivity. There were no significant differences in proportion of placement of restoration with age of the patient or between regular and irregular attenders of different ages. Using these data a correction factor was developed for inclusion in the Root Caries Index (RCI) to make allowance for the proportion of restorations placed because of wear/sensitivity. When this correction factor was introduced into an existing data-set for root caries, the RCI was reduced for all groups. This reduction was greatest in regular attenders. When these data were analysed without making allowance for treatment effects, there was a significant difference in RCI between regular and irregular attenders. When the correction factor was applied to these data, this difference was eliminated. [source] Presentations and management of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and the elderly: a need for investigationINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY, Issue 5 2004Walter Busuttil Abstract Background With an aging population increasing presentations of cases of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can be expected to old age services. While progress has been made in recent years in relation to the understanding and development of aetiological theories, classification, assessment and management strategies and protocols in the adult population, similar advances have lagged behind for the elderly. Aims To review the adult literature regarding PTSD and discuss how this might apply to an elderly population. An attempt is made to highlight a better awareness of the field of psychological trauma in the elderly in the hope of stimulating debate and research. Method A review of the adult literature is conducted relating to classification, aetiology, demographic features, vulnerability, assessment, clinical management including psychotherapy and medications and how these may apply to the elderly. Results Little has been published in this field that directly relates to the elderly. The adult literature allows insight into understanding how PTSD may present in the elderly, and how they may be managed. Conclusions Further specific research is needed in the elderly in order to facilitate a better understanding of PTSD that present in this unique population. This will lead to better clinical assessment, management and treatment provision. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] A retrospective study of treatment provided in the primary and secondary care services for children attending a dental hospital following complicated crown fracture in the permanent dentitionINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, Issue 3 2000A. Maguire Objectives. To investigate treatment provision in primary and secondary dental care following complicated crown fracture of permanent teeth. Design and methods. Retrospective observational survey of dental records of all patients attending a dental hospital trauma clinic during a 2-year period with complicated crown fracture. Results. Eighty children (70% male) aged 6,16 years (mean age 10·3 years) with 98 complicated crown fractures were identified. Of these children, 54% were seen for emergency treatment on the day of their injury, 75% within 48 h. Of the 98 injured teeth, 60% were seen initially in general dental practice but only 56% of these 59 cases were provided with emergency treatment in practice, the others being referred immediately to the trauma clinic for treatment. The main cause of fractures was transport, in particular, bicycles. Radiographs were available for 96 teeth; for the 43 open apex teeth, the definitive treatment was pulp capping (44% of cases) and pulpotomy (30%), with vitality maintained in five cases up to 4·8 years after trauma. The 53 closed apex cases were treated definitively with pulp capping (38%) and pulpectomy (36%) and six teeth had maintained their vitality up to 4·3 years after trauma. Sixty-seven per cent of the pulp caps and 47% of the 19 pulpotomies provided relied on a doubtful coronal seal. This was primarily due to the extensive use of a conventional glass ionomer cement as an emergency bandage. The use of an etched or bonded material at initial presentation extended the Median Survival Time for vitality in open apex teeth from 188 to 377 days and in closed apex teeth from 15 to 64 days. Conclusions. Emergency treatment of complicated crown fractures, particularly in primary care services is often inappropriate or inadequate with regard to emergency management of the exposed pulp and provision of a hermetic coronal seal. [source] Mainstream In-Patient Mental Health Care for People with Intellectual Disabilities: Service User, Carer and Provider ExperiencesJOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, Issue 3 2010Ben Donner Background, Government guidelines promote the use of mainstream mental health services for people with intellectual disabilities whenever possible. However, little is known about the experiences of people with intellectual disabilities who use such services. Materials and Methods, Face-to-face interviews with service users, carers and community nurses were completed and analysed on a case by case basis using interpretative phenomenological analysis. The results were followed up in focus groups with service providers. Results, Positive aspects included the provision of respite, particularly for carers, and good basic care. These were outweighed by a perception of the admission as disempowering and lacking in flexible treatment provision. Accessing help emerged as a major problem, as well as the prospect of staff neglecting the specific needs of people with intellectual disabilities. Conclusions, While there were some indications of improvements in line with recent policies and guidance, mainstream services seem a long way off realizing aims of easy accessibility, person-centred practices and active partnership with intellectual disability services. [source] Measuring psychological morbidity for diabetes commissioningPRACTICAL DIABETES INTERNATIONAL (INCORPORATING CARDIABETES), Issue 1 2010A cross-sectional survey of patients attending a secondary care diabetes clinic Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of psychological morbidity in the local secondary care population of people with type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes (T1DM or T2DM) in order to determine appropriate treatment provision. Four hundred patients seen in diabetes outpatient clinics were sent a number of standardised and validated questionnaires designed to measure: diabetes related distress; anxiety and depression; disordered eating behaviours; and borderline personality disorder. A response rate of 52.7% was achieved, providing a total of 211 completed questionnaires (111 T1DM, 100 T2DM) for analysis. This study has demonstrated a high prevalence of psychological morbidity in the local secondary care population of people with diabetes, with as many as half of those surveyed (52%) reporting some level of psychological disturbance. After controlling for age, gender and diabetes type, few differences in levels of psychological dysfunction were identified between the T1DM and T2DM cohorts. The exception to this was disinhibited eating behaviours: 22% of people with T2DM had severe levels of disinhibited eating, twice that recorded in the T1DM population. Overall, 36% (n=76) of study participants had moderate,severe levels of depression, anxiety or both, and 9.5% (16 of 168) had scores suggestive of borderline personality disorder. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons. [source] An audit of the prevalence of recorded nicotine dependence treatment in an Australian psychiatric hospitalAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, Issue 3 2010Paula Wye Abstract Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of recorded smoking status, nicotine dependence assessment, and nicotine dependence treatment provision; and to examine the patient characteristics associated with the recording of smoking status. Method: A retrospective systematic medical record audit was conducted of all psychiatric inpatient discharges over a six-month period (1 September 2005 to 28 February 2006), at a large Australian psychiatric hospital, with approximately 2,000 patient discharges per year. A one-page audit tool identifying patient characteristics and prevalence of recorded nicotine dependence treatment, and requiring ICD-10-AM diagnoses coding was used. Results: From 1,012 identified discharges, 1,000 medical records were available for audit (99%). Documentation of smoking status most frequently occurred on the admission form (28.8%) and diagnoses summary (41.6%). Documentation of nicotine dependence was not found in any record, and recording of any nicotine dependence treatment was negligible (0-0.5%). The rate of recorded smoking status on discharge summaries was 6%. Patients with a diagnosis of alcohol, cannabis, sedative use disorders or asthma were twice as likely to have their smoking status recorded compared to those who did not have these diagnoses. Conclusions: Mental health services, by failing to diagnose and document treatment for nicotine dependence, do not conform to current clinical practice guidelines, despite nicotine dependence being the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorder. Implications: Considerable system change and staff support is required to provide an environment where a primary prevention approach such as smoking care can be sustained. [source] | ||||||||||