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Behavior Questionnaire (behavior + questionnaire)
Selected AbstractsBrain responses to surprising sounds are related to temperament and parent,child dyadic synchrony in young childrenDEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOBIOLOGY, Issue 6 2010Anu-Katriina Pesonen Abstract This study investigated the relationship between temperament characteristics, parent,child dyadic synchrony and auditory event-related potentials (ERP) in 15 two-year-old children. Temperament was assessed with the Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire, and parent,child dyadic synchrony was analyzed from video-taped play situations. Involuntary switching of attention toward surprising sounds was measured with auditory ERPs by quantifying the P3a response for repeated and nonrepeated novel, naturally varying sounds, presented in a continuous repetitive sound sequence. Lower negative emotionality, higher effortful control and higher dyadic synchrony were associated with larger P3a responses to repeated novel sounds. The results demonstrate that temperament is related to P3a responses in early childhood, and that parent,child synchrony associates with both temperament and P3a responses in a theoretically meaningful way. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 513,523, 2010. [source] Infant temperament, pleasure in parenting, and marital happiness in adoptive families,INFANT MENTAL HEALTH JOURNAL, Issue 5 2001Leslie D. Leve Temperamental characteristics have been related to later externalizing and internalizing behavioral outcomes. To assess the relationship between temperament and the early family environment, we measured infant temperament, pleasure in parenting, and marital happiness via parent report in 99 families with a nonrelative adoptive infant. Perceptions of child temperament were assessed using two subscales of the Infant Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ; Rothbart, 1981). Mothers and fathers who rated their adoptive child as showing more Distress to Limitations (on the IBQ) reported less pleasure in routine parenting activities; this effect was mediated by marital happiness for fathers. Mothers reported less pleasure in parenting with infants perceived to be more temperamentally fearful (on the IBQ). The bidirectional relationship between temperamental characteristics and pleasure in parenting is discussed. © 2001 Michigan Association for Infant Mental Health. [source] Brain dopamine is associated with eating behaviors in humansINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS, Issue 2 2003Nora D. Volkow Abstract Objective Eating behavior in humans is influenced by variables other than just hunger-satiety including cognitive restraint, emotional distress, and sensitivity to food stimuli. We investigate the role of dopamine (DA), a neurotransmitter involved with food motivation, in these variables. Methods We used the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) to measure Restraint, Emotionality, and Externality in 10 subjects. We correlated DEBQ scores with brain DA levels. Positron emission tomography and {11C}raclopride uptake were used to measure baseline D2 receptors (neutral stimulation) and to assess changes in extracellular DA to food stimulation (display of food). Results Restraint was correlated with DA changes with food stimulation (higher restraint, greater responsivity), emotionality was negatively correlated with baseline D2 receptors (higher emotionality, lower D2 receptors), whereas externality was not. These correlations were significant in the dorsal but not in the ventral striatum. Discussion These results provide evidence that DA in the dorsal striatum is involved with the restraint and emotionality components regulating eating behavior and that these two dimensions reflect different neurobiologic processes. © 2003 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Int J Eat Disord 33: 136,142, 2003. [source] Development and validation of the Subtypes of Antisocial Behavior QuestionnaireAGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR, Issue 5 2009S. Alexandra Burt Abstract There is converging evidence that physical aggression, rule-breaking, and social aggression constitute meaningfully distinct, if somewhat overlapping, components of the broader construct of antisocial behavior. Indeed, these subtypes appear to have different developmental trajectories, demographic correlates, and personological underpinnings. They also demonstrate important etiological distinctions. One potential limitation to accumulating additional scientific insights into the correlates and origins of these three types of antisocial behavior is the lack of an efficient self-report assessment in the public domain. We developed the 32-item Subtypes of Antisocial Behavior Questionnaire (STAB) to fill this gap. Our goal was to develop a brief measure that could reliably and validly assess each of the three major subtypes of antisocial behavior and that would be freely available for other researchers. The present series of studies provides initial evidence of the factorial validity, internal consistency, and criterion-related validity of the STAB scales. In short, it appears that the STAB is a brief and useful measure that can be used to differentiate and assess physically aggressive, rule-breaking, and socially aggressive forms of antisocial behavior. Aggr. Behav. 35:376,398, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Postoperative behavioral changes following anesthesia with sevofluranePEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA, Issue 10 2004Aideen Keaney MB FRCA Summary Background :,Behavioral disturbance following hospitalization is a relatively frequent event, some children still having negative behavioral changes (NBC) 1 month following their operation. Sevoflurane has a propensity to induce ,excitement' during induction of anaesthesia, and delirium in the immediate postoperative phase. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether this translates into prolonged behavioral change. Methods :,A total of 120 children presenting for daycase surgical procedures under anesthesia were included in the study. Children were randomized to induction and maintenance of anesthesia with sevoflurane or halothane. No additional sedative drugs were administered. Postoperative behavioral change was assessed using the Post-Hospital Behavior Questionnaire (PHBQ) on postoperative days 1, 7 and 30. Results :,The Sevoflurane group (n = 63) were more distressed on emergence of anesthesia than the Halothane group (n = 57) (P < 0.05). About 58.3, 46.8 and 38.3% of all children exhibited NBC on postoperative days 1, 7 and 30, respectively. There was no association between anesthetic agent and behavior. There was a significant relationship between decreasing age and NBC (P < 0.005). Conclusions :,Children anesthetized with sevoflurane exhibit more immediate postoperative distress than those anesthetized with halothane. This difference is not carried over into the longer posthospital period. Negative behavioral changes occur more frequently with decreasing age. [source] Evidence-based practice-focused interactive teaching strategy: a controlled studyJOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING, Issue 6 2009Son C. Kim Abstract Title.,Evidence-based practice-focused interactive teaching strategy: a controlled study. Aim., This paper is a report of a study to evaluate the effectiveness of the evidence-based practice (EBP)-focused interactive teaching (E-FIT) strategy. Background., Although EBP is a mandatory competency for all healthcare professionals, little is known about the effectiveness of E-FIT in nursing. Methods., A quasi-experimental, controlled, pre- and post-test study involving senior, 4th-year nursing students (N = 208) at two nursing schools in the USA was carried out from August 2007 to May 2008. The experimental group (n = 88) received the E-FIT strategy intervention and the control group (n = 120) received standard teaching. A Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors Questionnaire for Evidence-Based Practice was used to assess the effectiveness of the E-FIT strategy. Results., Independent t -tests showed that the experimental group had statistically significant higher post-test Evidence-Based Practice Knowledge (mean difference = 0·25; P = 0·001) and Evidence-Based Practice Use (mean difference = 0·26; P = 0·015) subscale scores compared to the control group, but showed no statistically significant differences in Attitudes toward Evidence-Based Practice and Future Use of Evidence-Based Practice (mean difference = ,0·12; P = 0·398 and mean difference = 0·13; P = 0·255 respectively). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses of the post-test data indicated that the intervention explained 7·6% and 5·1% of variance in Evidence-Based Practice Knowledge and Evidence-Based Practice Use respectively. Conclusion., The EBP-focused interactive teaching strategy was effective in improving the knowledge and use of EBP among nursing students but not attitudes toward or future use of EBP. [source] Cigarette smoking is associated with suicidality in bipolar disorderBIPOLAR DISORDERS, Issue 7 2009Michael J Ostacher Objectives:, Cigarette smoking in individuals with bipolar disorder has been associated with suicidal behavior, although the precise relationship between the two remains unclear. Methods:, In this prospective observational study of 116 individuals with bipolar disorder, we examined the association between smoking and suicidality as measured by Linehan's Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire (SBQ) and prospective suicide attempts over a nine-month period. Impulsivity was measured by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. Results:, Smoking was associated with higher baseline SBQ scores in univariate and adjusted analyses, but was not significant after statistical adjustment for impulsivity in a regression model. A higher proportion of smokers at baseline made a suicide attempt during the follow-up period (5/31, 16.1%) compared to nonsmokers (3/85, 3.5%); p = 0.031, odds ratio = 5.25 (95% confidence interval: 1.2,23.5). Smoking at baseline also significantly predicted higher SBQ score at nine months. Conclusions:, In this study, current cigarette smoking was a predictor of current and nine-month suicidal ideation and behavior in bipolar disorder, and it is likely that impulsivity accounts for some of this relationship. [source] | ||||||||||||||||