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Traditional Beliefs (traditional + belief)
Selected AbstractsVietnamese Americans' attitudes toward seeking mental health services: Relation to cultural variablesJOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 2 2005Quang Charles X. Nguyen This study examined the relation between culturally based variables and attitudes toward seeking mental health services among a community sample of Vietnamese Americans ( N = 148) with at least 8 years' residence in the United States (U.S.). Variables included Stigma, Traditional Beliefs about Mental Illness, Help-Seeking Preferences, Problem Prioritizing, and Disclosure. The results indicated that Disclosure, Help-Seeking Preferences, and Problem Prioritizing were significant predictors of attitudes. Greater willingness to disclose, greater preference for professional resources over family/community resources, and higher priority placed on mental/emotional health concerns over other concerns were each associated with more favorable attitudes toward seeking mental health services. Stigma and Traditional Beliefs about Mental Illness did not appear to be significant predictors. Implications of the findings are discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comm Psychol 33: 213,231, 2005. [source] Don't be afraid to treat depression in patients with epilepsy!ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 2 2009D. Kondziella Major depression and related depressive disorders are highly prevalent in the general population and even more so in patients with epilepsy. Yet depression in these patients remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. This is particularly worrisome as depression has greater negative impact on quality of life than seizure frequency. Additionally, depression is associated with poorer seizure control, and the risk of suicide in patients with epilepsy is greatly increased. Reluctance to treat depression results from the traditional belief that antidepressants should be restricted in epilepsy because of a supposed decrease in seizure threshold. However, there is growing evidence that many antidepressants rather have anticonvulsant effects. Experimental studies show that in critical brain regions such as the frontal lobes and the limbic system enforced serotonergic circuits increase seizure threshold. Clinical data suggest that modern antidepressants may reduce seizure frequency in patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Here we review the concept that selective reuptake inhibitors of serotonin (SSRIs) have a positive effect on the mood disorder as well as on epilepsy. When adhering to the usual precautions, treatment with SSRIs in patients with epilepsy and depression is safe and should not be withheld. [source] Medicinal plants and the treatment of diabetes in Senegal: survey with patientsFUNDAMENTAL & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Issue 2 2008Amadou Moctar Dièye Abstract Diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder worldwide and is a major public health problem. Its frequency increases every day in all countries. However, in developing African countries, few people have access to drugs. In addition, in Africa, traditional beliefs induce people to use medicinal plants whenever they have health problems. Thus, many people in these developing countries use plants for the treatment of diabetes. Yet, few studies are focused on the knowledge and attitudes of the users on medicinal plants in Africa in general and in Senegal in particular. Hence we undertook this survey on the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of diabetes in Senegal in order to make recommendations which could contribute to the increase of the value of herbal medicines in developing countries. We did a cross-sectional survey by direct interview at a university teaching hospital, in Dakar with a representative sample of 220 patients. Forty-one plants were used by the patients and the two most frequently cited were Moringa oleifera Lam (65.90%) and Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich) Hochst (43.20%). Patients gave several reasons for using medicinal plants (traditional treatment: 40%, efficacy: 32%, low cost: 20%). The principal suppliers of plants were tradesmen in the market (66.8%) and traditional therapists (5%). Sixty-five per cent of patients think that medicinal plants are efficient for the treatment of diabetes and 20% have reported adverse effects which could be caused by medicinal plants. In conclusion, many people in our study think that medicinal plants are efficient for the treatment of diabetes, which requires research work by scientists in developing countries in this field in order to prove their efficacy and innocuousness. [source] Protestant Conceptions of the Devil in Early Stuart EnglandHISTORY, Issue 278 2000Darren Olderidge The central thesis of this article is that a distinctively Protestant idea of the Devil had emerged in England by the early seventeenth century. This emphasized the role of Satan as a spiritual force, with great power over human affairs. This image was not universally accepted, however. An older tradition, which depicted the Devil in crudely physical form, persisted throughout the seventeenth century in folklore and cheap literature. This article argues that godly Protestants were willing to utilize folk images of the Devil in order to promote their own religious agenda, and explores this process in several different contexts, including exorcisms and anti-Catholic propaganda. The result of this process was an interesting compromise between Protestant ideals and traditional beliefs, which illustrates the wider achievements and limitations of the English Reformation. [source] Factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV-infected women attending an urban care facilityINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING PRACTICE, Issue 1 2008Heila E Aspeling RN MSN Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is often jeopardized by factors misapprehended by health-care providers. As South Africa is severely affected by HIV and AIDS, identifying factors that influence adherence in this specific context becomes essential. An exploratory and descriptive case study design was used to further explore this subject and to identify factors that could influence adherence to ART. A significant correlation with international data was found. Most participants indicated that their traditional beliefs and customs did not interfere with their adherence to ART, although the lack of HIV education might facilitate reversion to traditional customs. Adequate treatment preparation, comprehensive HIV education and a supportive patient,provider relationship seemed to impact adherence significantly. [source] Psychotherapy in Brunei DarussalamJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 8 2007N. Kumaraswamy Clinical psychologists face unique challenges in developing Southeast Asian countries because mental health care has not received the kind of attention it deserves. In part, this has been the result of lack of knowledge or misunderstanding about mental health and adherence to various religious and traditional beliefs. In this article, the practice of psychotherapy in Brunei Darussalam is reviewed and then illustrated with a typical case, Mrs. A Asian psychotherapists need more comprehensive knowledge of prevailing cultural beliefs and religious practices among multiethnic population groups. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 63: 735,744, 2007. [source] Comparative Policy Brief: Status of Intellectual Disabilities in the Republic of ZambiaJOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, Issue 2 2008James Mung'omba Abstract, In the Republic of Zambia, an estimated 256,000 persons have some form of disability, and of these, 5.4% have intellectual disabilities. Even now, traditional beliefs about the etiology of intellectual disabilities persist and considerable stigma is attached to the presence of persons with intellectual disabilities who are often excluded from community life. Recently, antidiscrimination legislation has been enacted and there is a policy related to pupils with special educational needs. Although a range of Zambian and international nongovernmental organizations and church groups have developed services for children and their families, their impact is impeded by widespread poverty. Adults remain vulnerable, with no entitlement to social welfare benefits and very limited access either to government-led trust funds for persons with disabilities or to employment. The most striking issue is poverty (Zambia is one of the world's poorest nations) and an absence of even basic support for people with intellectual disabilities outside of families. Other key issues include a lack of useful data, no specific policy related to persons with intellectual disabilities, and limited progress in achieving education for all. [source] Attacks on local persons by chimpanzees in Bossou, Republic of Guinea: long-term perspectivesAMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY, Issue 10 2010Kimberley J. Hockings Abstract Attacks on humans by nonhuman primates are one of the most serious causes of human,primate conflict, and strongly influence people's perceptions and tolerance of nonhuman primates. Despite their importance, systematic and extensive records of such attacks are rare. Here, we report the attacks that occurred on local persons by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) at Bossou, Republic of Guinea, from 1995 to 2009. There have been a total of 11 attacks during this period, the majority of which were directed toward children. They varied in their severity, but all were nonfatal. Attacks took place on a road and narrow paths that bordered the forest or in cultivated fields and orchards where opportunities for human,chimpanzee contact are high. Attacks occurred between the months of March and October, coinciding with wild fruit scarcity, increased levels of crop-raiding, and periods of human cultivation with likely increased human usage of paths. Although the families of attack victims felt angry and fearful toward chimpanzees after attacks, some drew on their traditional beliefs to explain why chimpanzees were respected, protected, and could not hurt them, even when attacks occurred. We provide suggestions for reducing future nonhuman primate attacks on humans in an effort to mitigate human,primate conflict situations. Am. J. Primatol. 72:887,896, 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | |||||||||||||