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Trauma Rate (trauma + rate)
Selected AbstractsRisk of perineal damage is not a reason to discourage a sitting birthing position: a secondary analysisINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE, Issue 5 2010A. De Jonge Summary Aim:, To examine the association between semi-sitting and sitting position at the time of birth and perineal damage amongst low-risk women in primary care. Background:, Evidence on the association between birthing positions and perineal trauma is not conclusive. Most studies did not distinguish between positions during the second stage of labour and position at the time of birth. Therefore, although birthing positions do not seem to affect the overall perineal trauma rate, an increase in trauma with upright position for birthing cannot be ruled out. Methods:, Secondary analysis was performed on data from a large trial. This trial was conducted amongst primary care midwifery practices in the Netherlands. A total of 1646 women were included who had a spontaneous, vaginal delivery. Perineal outcomes were compared between women in recumbent, semi-sitting and sitting position. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the effects of these positions after controlling for other factors. Findings:, No significant differences were found in intact perineum rates between the position groups. Women in sitting position were less likely to have an episiotomy and more likely to have a perineal tear than women in recumbent position. After controlling for other factors, the odds ratios (OR) were 0.29 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.16,0.54] and 1.83 (95% CI: 1.22,2.73) respectively. Women in semi-sitting position were more likely to have a labial tear than women in recumbent position (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.00,2.04). Conclusion:, A semi-sitting or sitting birthing position does not need to be discouraged to prevent perineal damage. Women should be encouraged to use positions that are most comfortable to them. [source] Craniofacial trauma in the Prehispanic Canary IslandsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY, Issue 5 2007L. S. Owens Abstract The current project is a study of craniofacial trauma in a large sample (n,=,896) of Prehispanic Canary Islanders (PCIs). The possible causes and social implications of the trauma found are considered, with reference to archaeological and historical data. Variables include the island, period and ecology, the sex and age of the individuals, the distribution of lesions across the skull (by side and by individual bone) and ante-mortem tooth loss. The results show a fairly high trauma rate (16%), a low prevalence of peri-mortem trauma (3.8% of all lesions), higher prevalence of trauma in males than in females (25% vs. 13% of all individuals), more cranial than facial lesions (8.9% vs. 3.5% of all elements) and more lesions on the left side of the skull (6.7% vs. 4.5% of all elements) which suggests that the lesions were sustained through intentional rather than accidental agency. There was no correspondence between trauma prevalence and ecology. The archaeological and historical data support the assertion that the lesions may be the result of skirmishing between groups, using weapons such as slingshots, stones and staves. The presence of edged-weapon lesions on some individuals suggests that these may have been the victims of contact-period European groups. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Morbidity figures from general practice: sex differences in traumatologyJOURNAL OF EVALUATION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE, Issue 4 2010Toine Lagro-Janssen MD PhD Abstract Background, Trauma prevention starts with to find out the extent of the problem and who it affects. Insight into morbidity figures is therefore necessary. Aim, To explore sex differences in traumatology and secondary medical care utilization in primary care related to age and socio-economic status (SES). Methods, Data were obtained from an academic continuous morbidity registration project in the Netherlands in the period from 1996 to 2006, in which 13 000 patients were followed in 10 successive years. Results, Sex differences showed a male excess from childhood to 45 years and women showing almost double trauma rates in the elderly. Low SES was associated with the greatest incidence of traumas. The largest sex difference in incidence above 65 years appeared in the high SES with more traumas in women compared with men. From this age on, female morbidity in traumatology outnumbered male morbidity regardless of SES. Considering use of referrals, we found that in the age group 15,45 years men made a greater use of secondary medical care. However, the vastest gender influence in medical care utilization was noticed in the age group over 65 years, outnumbered with women. Conclusion, Young men and old women are the most at risk for traumatic health problems: men presenting with traumata of the skull, the tibia and ocular trauma's and women with fractures of the femur, humerus and wrist. For both men and women the greatest incidence is in the low SES. Family physicians can play a pivotal role in prevention to focus on their patients with high risks. [source] Occupational injury disparities in the US hotel industry,AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 2 2010Susan Buchanan MD Abstract Background Hotel employees have higher rates of occupational injury and sustain more severe injuries than most other service workers. Method OSHA log incidents from five unionized hotel companies for a three-year period were analyzed to estimate injury rates by job, company, and demographic characteristics. Room cleaning work, known to be physically hazardous, was of particular concern. Results A total of 2,865 injuries were reported during 55,327 worker-years of observation. The overall injury rate was 5.2 injuries per 100 worker-years. The rate was highest for housekeepers (7.9), Hispanic housekeepers (10.6), and about double in three companies versus two others. Acute trauma rates were highest in kitchen workers (4.0/100) and housekeepers (3.9/100); housekeepers also had the highest rate of musculoskeletal disorders (3.2/100). Age, being female or Hispanic, job title, and company were all independently associated with injury risk. Conclusion Sex- and ethnicity-based disparities in injury rates were only partially due to the type of job held and the company in which the work was performed. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:116,125 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||