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Total Intensity (total + intensity)
Selected AbstractsMagnetic polarity stratigraphy of Siwalik Group sediments of Karnali River section in western NepalGEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL, Issue 3 2000Pitambar Gautam The remanent magnetization of siltstones and sandstones sampled at 476 levels/sites throughout a 3560 m thick molasse sequence belonging to the Siwalik Group (0,2015 m: Lower; 2015,3560 m: Middle) has been studied by stepwise thermal demagnetization. This section is exposed along the Karnali River in Nepal. The natural remanent magnetization (NRM) usually consists of two components: a viscous or thermoviscous component of recent field origin, and an ancient characteristic component (ChRM). The former component is of normal polarity and resides either in goethite (unblocking temperature < 150 °C; resistant to AFD up to 150 mT) or in maghemite (unblocking temperature 150,400 °C). Goethite contributes up to 90 per cent of the total intensity in the finer variegated muddy samples belonging to the lower half of the section. Maghemite content is significant in the grey mud-free lithologies from the upper half of the section. The main component, unblocked in the high-temperature range (commonly 610,680 °C) and believed to reside in haematite, presumably of mostly detrital origin, represents a characteristic remanence (ChRM). The tilt-corrected ChRM directions at individual sites show antipodal clusters (ratio of normal- to reverse-polarity sites: 0.62), and yield mean inclinations recording significant inclination shallowing,a feature well recorded in the Siwaliks. This ChRM is interpreted to represent a largely primary detrital remanence. The ChRM data from 430 sites yield the Karnali River magnetic polarity sequence, whose correlation with the geomagnetic polarity timescale (Cande & Kent 1995) suggests a depositional age of 16 Ma (younger than chron C5Cn.1n) to 5.2 Ma (around the top of chron C3r) for the 3560 m section sampled. Hence, the Karnali River exposes the oldest part of the Siwalik Group in Nepal. Estimates of the sediment accumulation rate (SAR) average to 32.9 cm kyr,1 for the 10.8 Myr time span of deposition. [source] INFLUENCE OF GLASS SHAPE ON WINE AROMAJOURNAL OF SENSORY STUDIES, Issue 1 2002J.F. DELWICHE ABSTRACT Differences in the physical shape of glasses could potentially influence proportions of aromatic compounds trapped in the headspace of a wine glass, altering the perception of a wine. Blindfolded, naïve subjects assessed the aroma of a California Cabernet Sauvignon presented in 4 different glasses. Two of these were from a speciality line of crystal wine glasses, one designed for Chardonnay, the other for Bordeaux/Cabernet Sauvignon. A restaurant-style wine glass and a leaded crystal goblet were the remaining vessels used. The nonexpert judges assessed wine aroma for total intensity, fruitiness, vinegariness, oakiness, and mustiness, as well as liking. The only significant difference found in the aroma intensity ratings was for the Bordeaux glass, which was rated as having a significantly lower total intensity than the other three glasses. However, several significant correlations were found between the attribute intensity ratings and physical characteristics of the glasses. This suggests that the glass does have a limited, but subtle, impact upon the olfactory experience of wines. [source] Space very long baseline interferometry observations of polarization in the jet of 3C 380MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, Issue 2 2006A. Papageorgiou ABSTRACT A comparison between low-frequency space very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) and high-frequency ground-based VLBI images can, in principle, be used to detect small variations in rotation measure (RM) on fine angular scales inaccessible to ground arrays alone. This paper reports an attempt to perform such a comparison using the jet in the quasar 3C 380. Observations made with the VSOP antenna HALCA together with a ground array at wavelength 1.6 GHz provide total intensity and polarization images of comparable resolution to those from the ground array alone at 5 GHz. The results provide an image showing derotated magnetic vector position angle of somewhat higher resolution than that available earlier. The results show variations in an RM around component A of the order of 10 rad m,2 that could not have been detected with the ground array alone. It is concluded that satellite VLBI observations provide a promising means to study the distribution of matter and magnetic fields around parsec-scale jets. The ground observations used here follow the steady outward drift of component A, which has approximately doubled its distance from the core since the first observations in 1982. They also reveal total intensity and polarization structure associated with a bright knot 0.7 arcsec from the core which is reminiscent of that expected for a conical shock wave. [source] Unusual radio properties of the BL Lac object 0820+225MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, Issue 1 2001D.C. Gabuzda We present the results of simultaneous VLBA polarization observations of the BL Lacertae object 0820+225 at 5, 8 and 15 GHz, together with earlier images at 5 GHz. This source has an unusually rich total intensity and polarization structure compared with other objects with comparable redshifts. The magnetic field in the inner part of the complex and highly twisted VLBI jet is transverse, as is typical of BL Lacertae objects, but becomes roughly longitudinal further from the core, possibly as a result of shear. Although the integrated rotation measure of 0820+225 is modest, the rotation-measure distribution on parsec scales is non-uniform, and clearly shows regions where the rotation measure is substantially higher than the integrated value. [source] VSOP polarization observations of the BL Lacertae object OJ 287MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, Issue 4 2001D. C. Gabuzda VLBI total intensity and linear polarization images of the BL Lacertae object OJ 287 have been obtained at using a global ground array and the HALCA orbiting antenna, and at two weeks earlier using the VLBA. In the ground-based 6-cm images, the source is dominated by a core,jet double structure the components of which are essentially unresolved. The baselines to the orbiting antenna resolve both of these compact components. In the VSOP images, the ground-based ,core' breaks up into several distinct components, demonstrating that this region is dominated by the contribution of bright, optically thin knots of jet emission. A very similar structure is observed in the 1.3-cm image. The magnetic field in the core is transverse, becomes longitudinal in the inner jet, then makes a sharp transition to a region of transverse field further from the core. This suggests that the field in the outer jet has become highly ordered in the transverse direction owing to the action of a shock; the physical nature of the extended region of longitudinal field closer to the core is not clear. The availability of nearly simultaneous observations with comparable resolution at widely spaced frequencies enabled detection of a ,90° rotation in polarization position angle for the core, owing to the transition from the optically thick (6 cm) to the optically thin (1.3 cm) regime. [source] Effects of the Intensity of Immunosuppressive Therapy on Outcome of Treatment for CMV Disease in Organ Transplant RecipientsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 8 2010A. Åsberg An effective host immune response, critical for successful control of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in solid organ transplant recipients, is affected by intensity and type of immunosuppressive therapy. We used information prospectively captured in the VICTOR-trial to investigate the impact of immunosuppressive therapy on short- and long-term outcomes of CMV treatment in organ transplant recipients. Dual, as compared to triple, immunosuppressive therapy ([odds ratios] OR of 2.55; 95% CI: 1.51,4.60; p = 0.002), lower blood concentrations of calcineurin inhibitors (OR of 5.53; CI: 1.04,29.35; p = 0.045), and longer time since transplantation (OR of 1.70; CI: 1.01,2.87; p = 0.047) all showed better early (Day 21) CMV DNAemia eradication. We observed no effect of the intensity of the immunosuppressive therapy on overall rates of viral eradication or recurrence. The type of calcineurin inhibitor (tacrolimus/cyclosporine) or use of mycophenolate did not affect treatment efficacy, although both tacrolimus and mycophenolate treated patients showed a lower rate of virological recurrence OR 0.51 (95% CI: 0.26,0.98; p = 0.044) and OR 0.45 (95% CI: 0.22,0.93; p = 0.031), respectively. Lower total intensity of immunosuppressive therapy was associated with more effective early, but not overall, CMV DNAemia eradication by valganciclovir/ganciclovir therapy. Both mycophenolate and tacrolimus (rather than cyclosporine) therapy seem to be associated with reduced risk of recurrence. [source] An "incomplete sample" of CSSs observed with the VLAASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN, Issue 2-3 2009A. Rossetti Abstract A sample of 26 Compact Steep Spectrum sources selected from the original list drawn up by Dallacasa & Stanghellini (1990) have been observed with the VLA A-array at X, U, and K bands. Images have been produced in both total intensity and polarisation at four widely-spaced frequencies with the aim of deriving linear polarisation parameters. We present preliminary polarisation results on source fractional polarisation and electric vector angle at X and U bands. These new information will be completed with available archive data in order to perform a polarimetric analysis of a complete CSS sample (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Behavioral change related to Wenchuan devastating earthquake in miceBIOELECTROMAGNETICS, Issue 8 2009Yonghong Li Abstract It has been suggested that some animals are much more capable of perceiving certain kinds of geophysical stimuli which may precede earthquakes than humans, but the anecdotal phenomena or stories about unusual animal behaviors prior to an earthquake should be interpreted with objective data. During the Wenchuan magnitude 8.0 earthquake that happened in Wenchuan county (31.0° north latitude, 103.4° east longitude) of Sichuan province, China, on May 12, 2008, eight mice were monitored for locomotor activity and circadian rhythm in constant darkness with temperature 22,24 °C and humidity 55,65% for 38 days. The ongoing monitoring of locomotor activity of mice in our laboratory made it possible to design a posteriori study investigating whether the earthquake was associated with any change in animal behavior. Based on analyzing the recorded data with single cosinor, we found that the locomotor activity dramatically decreased in six of these eight mice on day 3 before the earthquake, and the circadian rhythm of their locomotor activity was no longer detected. The behavioral change lasted for 6 days before the locomotor activity returned to its original state. Analyses of concurrent geomagnetic data showed a higher total intensity during the span when the circadian rhythm in locomotor activity weakened. These results indicated that the behaviors, including circadian rhythm and activity, in these mice indeed changed prior to the earthquake, and the behavioral change might be associated with a change of geomagnetic intensity. Bioelectromagnetics 30:613,620, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Difference in Intensity of Ant Defense among Three Species of Macaranga Myrmecophytes in a Southeast Asian Dipterocarp Forest,BIOTROPICA, Issue 2 2000Takao Itioka ABSTRACT To examine interspecific variation in the intensity of ant defense among three sympatric species of obligate myrme-cophytes of Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae), we measured the ratio of ant biomass to plant biomass, ant aggressiveness to artificial damage on host plants, and increase in herbivore damage on host plants when symbiont ants were removed. Increase in herbivore damage from two- and four-week ant exclusion varied significantly among the three species. The decreasing order of vulnerability to herbivory was M. winkleri, M. trachyphylla, and M. beccariana. The antip/ant biomass ratio (= rate of the dry weight of whole ant colonies to the dry weight of whole aboveground plant parts) and ant agressiveness also varied significantly among the three species; the orders of both the ant/plant biomass ratio and ant aggressiveness were the same as in the herbivory increase. These results indicated that the intensity of ant defense differs predictably among sympatric species of obligate myrmecophytes on Macaranga. In addition to the interspecific difference in the total intensity of ant defense, when symbiont ants were excluded, both patterns of within-plant variation in the amount of herbivore damage and compositions of herbivore species that caused the damage differed among species. This suggests that the three Macaranga species have different systems of ant defense with reference to what parts of plant tissue are protected and what herbivorous species are avoided by ant defense. Thus, it is important to consider the interspecific variation in ant defense among Macaranga species to understand the herbivore community on Macaranga plants and the mechanisms that promote the coexistence of multiple Macaranga myrmecophytes. [source] | |||||||||||||