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Topical Products (topical + products)
Selected AbstractsBotanical Extracts Used in the Treatment of CelluliteDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 2005Doris Hexsel MD Background. Cellulite is defined as skin relief alterations that give the skin an orange peel or mattress appearance. The lesions tend to be asymptomatic and may be considered the anatomic expressions of the structures in the affected area, such as the fat and subcutaneous septa. Objective. The present article reviews the most important botanical extracts used as active ingredients in the treatment of cellulite, as well as the steps to obtain these botanicals as raw material and their standardization and quality control, which are important to guarantee their therapeutic action. Methods. The current literature was reviewed, and we also obtained information from the manufacturers of the prducts that contained botanicals because of the few publications about this subject. Conclusions. The reduction in fat deposits through the continuous use of anticellulite products depends on the availability of the active ingredient at the action site, the concentration of the ingredient in the formulation, and the physiochemical characteristics particular to each active ingredient. The botanicals used in topical products must have standardized extracts, which would permit each phytomedicine to have the same effect anywhere in the world. New scientific research is necessary to verify the efficacy and ideal concentrations of such substances. DORIS HEXSEL, MD, CECILIA ORLANDI, MD, AND DEBORA ZECHMEISTER DO PRADO, PHARM, HAVE INDICATED NO SIGNIFICANT INTEREST WITH COMMERCIAL SUPPORTERS. [source] Topical palmitoyl pentapeptide provides improvement in photoaged human facial skin,INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE, Issue 3 2005L. R. Robinson Synopsis The palmitoyl pentapeptide palmitoyl-lysine-threonine-threonine-lysine-serine (pal-KTTKS) is a synthetic material that was designed as a topical agent to stimulate collagen production and thus provide a skin anti-wrinkle benefit. To determine if pal-KTTKS is effective, the clinical study reported here was conducted. Caucasian female subjects (n = 93, aged 35,55) participated in a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, split-face, left,right randomized clinical study assessing two topical products: moisturizer control product vs. the same moisturizer product containing 3 ppm pal-KTTKS. Pal-KTTKS was well tolerated by the skin and provided significant improvement vs. placebo control for reduction in wrinkles/fine lines by both quantitative technical and expert grader image analysis. In self-assessments, subjects also reported significant fine line/wrinkle improvements and noted directional effects for other facial improvement parameters. Résumé Le pentapeptide palmitoyl-lysine-thréonine-lysine-sérine (pal-KTTKS) est un composé synthétique décrit comme agent topique stimulant la production de collagène et possédant donc des propriétés anti-rides. L'efficacité du pal-KTTKL a étéévaluée dans l'étude clinique faisant l'objet de cet article. Des femmes de type caucasien (n = 93, de 35 à 55 ans) ont participé pendant 12 semaines à un test en double aveugle avec placébo, en apparié par demie face comparant deux produits topiques: un produit témoin hydratant et le même produit contenant 3 ppm de pal-KTTKS. Bien toléré par la peau, le pal-KTTKS a montré par rapport au témoin, une amélioration significative dans la réduction des rides et ridules que se soit par des techniques quantitatives et par l'analyse d'image quantifiée par un expert. Dans le cadre d'auto-évaluations, les sujets ont fait état d'améliorations significatives et attiré l'attention sur des effets pouvant servir de pistes pour d'autres paramètres d'amélioration faciale. [source] Topical niacinamide reduces yellowing, wrinkling, red blotchiness, and hyperpigmented spots in aging facial skin,INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE, Issue 5 2004D. L. Bissett Synopsis Previous clinical testing of topical niacinamide (vitamin B3) has revealed a broad array of improvements in the appearance of aging facial skin. The study reported here was done to confirm some of those previous observations and to evaluate additional end points such as skin anti-yellowing. Caucasian female subjects (n = 50, aged 40,60 years) participated in a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, split-face, left,right randomized clinical study assessing two topical products: moisturizer control product versus the same moisturizer product containing 5% niacinamide. Niacinamide was well tolerated by the skin and provided significant improvements versus control in end points evaluated previously: fine lines/wrinkles, hyperpigmentation spots, texture, and red blotchiness. In addition, skin yellowing (sallowness) versus control was significantly improved. The mechanism by which this array of benefits is achieved with niacinamide is discussed. Résumé Un précédent test clinique portant sur l'application topique de Niacinamide (Vitamine B3) a révélé le large potentiel de cette matière première pour améliorer l'aspect du visage. La présente étude a pour but de confirmer quelques-unes des observations déjà réalisées ainsi que d'évaluer d,autres propriétés comme l'anti-jaunissement de la peau. Des femmes de type caucasien (n = 50, d'âge compris entre 40 et 60 ans) ont participé pendant 12 semaines à une étude clinique contrôlée, portant sur l'application de deux produits en double aveugle, par demi-visage, aléatoirement répartis à droite ou à gauche. Le premier produit, ou témoin, était un soin hydratant, le second était le même produit, contenant 5% de Niacinamide. Le niacinamide n'a provoqué aucune intolérance cutanée et des améliorations significatives par rapport au témoin ont été observées sur les paramètres évalués: rides, ridules, tâches pigmentaires, texture de la peau, rougeur cutanée. De plus, le jaunissement de la peau par rapport au témoin a été significativement amélioré. Le mécanisme par lequel la Niacinamide agit sur ces différents paramètres est discuté. [source] A multi-sample design for assessing the comedolytic activity of topical productsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE, Issue 5 2004H. Knaggs Synopsis Background:, Facial comedolytic studies allow testing of a maximum of two products. The upper back provides a larger area with a more uniform distribution of microcomedones for comedolytic studies. Objective:, To design a multi-sample method for assessing comedolytic activity of topical products on the back. The effect of season on product discrimination was also explored. Methods:, Three cleansing formulations (products B, C and D), a negative water control and 0.025% Retin-A® cream (positive control) were tested. Seven subjects were recruited in summer and nine in fall. Products were applied for 8 weeks, comedolysis was assessed by visually evaluating cyanoacrylate follicular biopsies taken at baseline and post-treatment. Results:, In all data sets (summer, fall and combined), sites treated with Retin-A® had a significantly lower number of microcomedones as compared to the negative water control. In addition, cleansers B and D showed a significant reduction from baseline in the fall and combined (summer and fall) data, but not in summer data alone indicating different responses to treatment during the year. Conclusions:, The design was sensitive enough to detect differences between cleansing formulations under normal washing conditions. Reduced sensitivity observed during summer suggests hot humid conditions may decrease the comedolytic performance of topical products. Résumé Arrière-plan:, Les études d'agents comédolytiques sur le visage permettent de tester un maximum de deux produits. La partie supérieure du dos offre une plus grande surface couverte d'une distribution plus uniforme de micro-comédons. Objectif:, Mettre au point une méthode multi échantillons permettant d'appréhender l'activité comédolytique de produits appliqués de façon topique sur le dos. L'influence de la saison sur la différenciation des produits a également étéétudiée. Méthode:, Trois formulations lavantes (B, C, D), l'eau en tant que témoin négatif, une crème contenant 0,025% de rétina-A® en tant que témoin positif ont été testées. Sept sujets ont été recrutés en été, neuf l'ont été en automne. Les produits ont été appliqués durant 8 semaines. La comédolyse a étéévaluée par observation visuelle de biopsies folliculaires au cyanoacrylate faite avant et après traitement. Résultat:, Dans chaque groupe de résultats (été, automne et cumulé), les zones traitées avec la rétina-A® possèdent un nombre de micro-comédons statistiquement plus faible, comparé au témoin négatif (l'eau). De plus, les produits de nettoyage B et D ont montré une diminution significative par rapport à la situation avant traitement en automne, ainsi qu'en situation cumulé (automne + été), mais pas en été. Ces résultats indiquent des réponses différentes au traitement durant l'année. Conclusion:, La méthode est assez sensible pour détecter la différence entre des formulations nettoyantes utilisées sous condition normale d'utilisation. La diminution de sensibilité observée en été laisse suggérer que des conditions climatiques chaudes et humides diminuent l'efficacité comédolytique des produits appliqués de façon topique. [source] Axillary intertriginous granular parakeratosis responsive to topical calcipotriene and ammonium lactateINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2003Michael E. Contreras MD A 70-year-old white man presented to our clinic with a 6,8-month history of a pruritic, occasionally burning eruption in both axillae. He had been using the same deodorant for more than 1 year and denied any changes in laundry detergent, soaps, or shampoos. He also denied application of other topical products. On physical examination, there were slightly erythematous, lichenified plaques in both axillae, with more extensive involvement of the left side (Fig. 1). Histologic examination of a punch biopsy specimen from a left axillary plaque revealed hyperkeratosis with retention of nuclei and keratohyaline granules in the stratum corneum (Fig. 2). The stratum granulosum was slightly thickened, and the epidermis was mildly acanthotic. Patch tests of the patient's deodorant and shampoo were negative. The patient was advised to discontinue use of his deodorant. His right axilla was treated with topical calcipotriene, applied twice daily, and his left axilla was treated with topical 12% ammonium lactate, applied twice daily. One month later, the lesions in the right axilla had completely resolved. The left axilla was slightly improved, but still exhibited dusky erythematous plaques. After one additional month of treatment with ammonium lactate, the left axillary lesions completely resolved. A follow-up examination 9 months later revealed no recurrence of the lesions in either axilla. Figure 1. Erythematous, lichenified plaques in the axilla Figure 2. Photomicrograph of biopsy specimen showing keratohyaline granules in the stratum corneum (hematoxylin and eosin, × 200) [source] INFLUENCE OF STORAGE TEMPERATURE ON COOLING INTENSITY OF TOPICAL EMULSIONS CONTAINING ENCAPSULATED MENTHOLJOURNAL OF SENSORY STUDIES, Issue 1 2008VIVIAN ZAGUE ABSTRACT The cooling intensity of topical emulsions added with encapsulated or free menthol was evaluated by a screened and trained panel recruited based on the American Society for Testing and Materials method. A sensory panel composed of 10 trained judges performed the evaluation of samples stored at 22 ± 2C for 24 h and, after 28 days of storage, at 37.0 ± 0.5C. The obtained data were analyzed by analysis of variance and Tukey's test. The results showed an increase of cooling intensity as a function of encapsulated menthol concentration. The opposite was observed in samples added with free menthol, which may have caused sensory fatigue. Storage at 37 ± 0.5C for 28 days had no impact on the cooling intensity of emulsions containing encapsulated menthol, demonstrating high stability and suggesting its application in cooling skin care products. In contrast, emulsions added with free menthol showed a drastic decrease of cooling intensity at 37 ± 0.5C. PRATICAL APPLICATIONS This article deals with sensory assessment of the cooling intensity of topical emulsions added with encapsulated menthol under accelerated storage conditions. In all, the work is a major contribution to (1) investigating the feasibility of sensory analysis for evaluating the sensory properties of topical products during storage; (2) verifying the cooling intensity of topical emulsions containing encapsulated menthol; and (3) evaluating the effect of encapsulation of menthol on its stability during accelerated storage conditions. [source] MotherSafe: Review of three years of counselling by an Australian teratology Information ServiceAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 2 2009Joy Marie LIM Background: MotherSafe was established in January 2000 at the Royal Hospital for Women as Australia's first ,purpose-built' Teratogen Information Service and since then has received over 75 000 calls regarding exposures during pregnancy and lactation. Aim: To describe the patterns of use of MotherSafe over a three-year period. Methods: Retrospective descriptive epidemiological study using data from the database established at MotherSafe. Records from all the calls logged at MotherSafe between January 2005 and December 2007 were analysed to determine total number of calls, demographic characteristics of callers, including age, caller category and postcode, reason for call, source of referral and type of exposure. Results: A total of 47 138 calls were recorded to the MotherSafe service from January 2005 to December 2007. The majority of calls were regarding exposures in pregnancy (55%) and breast-feeding (38%). Average age of patients was 32.3 years. Of the calls made, 81.9% (38 485 of 46 968) were by consumers (the pregnant or lactating woman herself or a relative). The most common primary exposure categories were: over-the-counter medications (11.3%), psychotropic medication (9.0%), herbal or vitamin products (8.2%), antibiotics (7.0%), gastrointestinal medications (6.8%) and topical products (6.6%). Forty per cent of callers enquired about multiple exposures. Conclusions: The utilisation of MotherSafe by consumers and general practitioners continues to increase, reflecting the strong demand for a teratogen counselling service that provides high-quality, evidence-based information on exposures during pregnancy and lactation. [source] Impact of topical oils on the skin barrier: possible implications for neonatal health in developing countriesACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 5 2002GL Darmstadt Topical therapy to enhance skin barrier function may be a simple, low-cost, effective strategy to improve outcome of preterm infants with a developmentally compromised epidermal barrier, as lipid constituents of topical products may act as a mechanical barrier and augment synthesis of barrier lipids. Natural oils are applied topically as part of a traditional oil massage to neonates in many developing countries. We sought to identify inexpensive, safe, vegetable oils available in developing countries that improved epidermal barrier function. The impact of oils on mouse epidermal barrier function (rate of transepidermal water loss over time following acute barrier disruption by tape-stripping) and ultrastructure was determined. A single application of sunflower seed oil significantly accelerated skin barrier recovery within 1 h; the effect was sustained 5 h after application. In contrast, the other vegetable oils tested (mustard, olive and soybean oils) all significantly delayed recovery of barrier function compared with control- or Aquaphor-treated skin. Twice-daily applications of mustard oil for 7 d resulted in sustained delay of barrier recovery. Moreover, adverse ultrastructural changes were seen under transmission electron microscopy in keratin intermediate filament, mitochondrial, nuclear, and nuclear envelope structure following a single application of mustard oil. Conclusion: Our data suggest that topical application of linoleate-enriched oil such as sunflower seed oil might enhance skin barrier function and improve outcome in neonates with compromised barrier function. Mustard oil, used routinely in newborn care throughout South Asia, has toxic effects on the epidermal barrier that warrant further investigation. [source] | ||||||||||