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Tomography Angiogram (tomography + angiogram)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Kinds of Tomography Angiogram

  • computed tomography angiogram
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    Selected Abstracts

    Computed tomography angiogram: Accuracy in renal surgery

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 1 2009
    Danny M Rabah
    Objectives: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of computed tomography angiogram (CTA) in detecting number and location of renal arteries and veins as well as crossing vessels causing uretero-pelvic junction obstruction (UPJO), and to determine if this can be used in decision-making algorithms for treatment of UPJO. Methods: A prospective study was carried out in patients undergoing open, laparoscopic and robotic renal surgery from April 2005 until October 2006. All patients were imaged using CTA with 1.25 collimation of arterial and venous phases. Each multi-detector CTA was then read by one radiologist and his results were compared prospectively with the actual intra-operative findings. Results: Overall, 118 patients were included. CTA had 93% sensitivity, 77% specificity and 90% overall accuracy for detecting a single renal artery, and 76% sensitivity, 92% specificity and 90% overall accuracy for detecting two or more renal arteries (Pearson ,2 = 0.001). There was 95% sensitivity, 84% specificity and 85% overall accuracy for detecting the number of renal veins. CTA had 100% overall accuracy in detecting early dividing renal artery (defined as less than 1.5 cm branching from origin), and 83.3% sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy in detecting crossing vessels at UPJ. The percentage of surgeons stating CTA to be helpful as pre-operative diagnostic tool was 85%. Conclusion: Computed tomography angiogram is simple, quick and can provide an accurate pre-operative renal vascular anatomy in terms of number and location of renal vessels, early dividing renal arteries and crossing vessels at UPJ. [source]

    Novel Use of a Magnetic Coupling Device to Repair Damage of the Internal Thoracic Artery

    JOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY, Issue 1 2006
    Alexandros Charitou M.D., F.R.C.S.
    The device has been primarily used to perform distal coronary anastomoses. We report for the first time the novel use of this magnetic coupling device as a technique to repair iatrogenic injury of the left internal thoracic artery conduit. Technical issues, advantages, disadvantages, and the use of computer tomography angiogram for assessment of the anastomosis are discussed. [source]

    Severe Venous and Lymphatic Obstruction after Single-Chamber Pacemaker Implantation in a Patient with Chest Radiation Therapy

    PACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 4 2010
    JOSHUA M. DIAMOND M.D.
    A 73 - year - old woman with a history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, sinus node dysfunction, bilateral breast cancer, and extensive chest radiation developed progressive edema, dyspnea, and recurrent pleural effusions soon after single - chamber pacemaker implantation. Thoracentesis yielded a diagnosis of chylothorax, and progressive refractory anasarca developed. A computed tomography angiogram suggested obstruction of the superior vena cava and left subclavian vein despite outpatient therapeutic anticoagulation. Autopsy confirmed venous thrombosis, along with mediastinal fibrosis. The presumed etiology of the chylothorax and anasarca was obstruction of the atretic central venous structures following pacemaker implantation, critically impairing the already tenuous venous and lymphatic drainage. (PACE 2010; 520,524) [source]

    Characteristics and management of splenic artery aneurysms in adult living donor liver transplant recipients

    LIVER TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 11 2009
    Deok-Bog Moon
    Splenic artery aneurysms (SAAs), occurring in 7% to 17% of patients with cirrhosis, often result in catastrophic rupture after liver transplantation. We had experienced 3 cases of ruptured SAAs after adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), and we then performed this study to find risk factors for coexisting SAAs in liver transplant candidates with cirrhosis and to propose ideal approaches for them. Preoperative and postoperative computed tomography angiograms and axial views were reviewed for 310 adult LDLT recipients who had cirrhosis from January 2004 to August 2005. The recorded variables were the preoperative diagnosis, the presence of SAA and its characteristics, the splenic artery (SA) diameter, and the presence and size of portosystemic collaterals. Devastating SAA rupture accompanied by hypovolemic shock occurred on postoperative days 6, 82, and 8, respectively, and it was treated emergently by embolization in cases 1 and 2 and by splenectomy in case 3. Cases 1 and 3 recovered well, but case 2 died of an unrelated cause with a long hospital stay. The incidence of SAA during the study period was 14.2% (44/310), and the size was 16.6 ± 5.7 mm. Most SAAs were single (70.6%, 31/44) and were located in the distal one-third of the SA (82.4%, 36/44). Large portosystemic collaterals demonstrating longstanding severe portal hypertension were significantly correlated with the occurrence of SAAs. Nine patients with SAAs were preventively treated by proximal ligation (n = 4) intraoperatively and by embolization (n = 5) 1 day before or after LDLT. No patient showed severe postembolization syndrome. In conclusion, a careful preoperative evaluation of SAAs by high-resolution 3-dimensional computed tomography in liver transplant candidates, especially in those showing large portosystemic collaterals, is merited. Preventive treatment should be encouraged regardless of the size in order to avoid severe morbidity and mortality related to SAA rupture, and methods such as radiological and surgical interventions need to be individualized according to the location and number of SAAs. Liver Transpl 15:1535,1541, 2009. © 2009 AASLD. [source]