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Tooth Eruption (tooth + eruption)
Selected AbstractsMyD88 expression in the rat dental follicle: implications for osteoclastogenesis and tooth eruptionEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES, Issue 4 2010Dawen Liu Liu D, Yao S, Wise GE. MyD88 expression in the rat dental follicle: implications for osteoclastogenesis and tooth eruption. Eur J Oral Sci 2010; 118: 333,341. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 Eur J Oral Sci Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is a key adaptor molecule in the interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-18 toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Because MyD88 is present in dental follicle (DF) cells in vitro, the purpose of this study was to determine its chronological expression in vivo, as well as its possible role in osteoclastogenesis and tooth eruption. An oligo DNA microarray was used to determine expression of the Myd88 gene in vivo in the DFs from the first mandibular molars of postnatal rats from days 1 to 11. The results showed that MyD88 was expressed maximally on day 3. Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) to knock down MyD88 expression in the DF cells also reduced the expression of the nuclear factor-kappa B-1 (NFKB1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) genes. Interleukin-1, up-regulated the expression of NFKB1, MCP-1, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), but knockdown of MyD88 nullified this IL-1, effect. Conditioned medium from DF cells with MyD88 knocked down had reduced chemotactic activity for mononuclear cells and reduced osteoclastogenesis, as opposed to controls. In conclusion, the maximal expression of MyD88 in the DF of postnatal day 3 rats may contribute to the major burst of osteoclastogenesis needed for eruption by up-regulating MCP-1 and RANKL expression. [source] Early primary tooth eruption in neurofibromatosis 1 individualsEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES, Issue 5 2007Marga Lammert No abstract is available for this article. [source] Craniofacial morphology, dental occlusion, tooth eruption, and dental maturity in boys of short stature with or without growth hormone deficiencyEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES, Issue 5 2000Heidrun Kjellberg The aim of this project was to study the craniofacial morphology, dental occlusion, dental maturation and tooth eruption in short-statured boys with growth hormone secretion ranging from low to high. The measurements from lateral and postero-anterior cephalograms, orthopantomograms and plaster models were used. Almost all linear measurements of the facial structures were significantly smaller. A disproportionate growth in the cranial base structures as well as in the jaws resulted in facial retrognathia, a proportionately smaller posterior than anterior facial height, and a steep vertical inclination of the mandible. Dental crowding was more common and the overbite was small. Dental maturity and tooth eruption were delayed 1.2 and 1.3 yr, respectively. No significant differences between the idiopathic short-statured and the growth hormone-deficient group in any of the above-mentioned variables were found. It can be concluded that although most of the cephalometric variables measured differed significantly from the average, the facial appearance of the boys is not conspicuous and is of minor clinical importance. However, the short-statured boys might be in greater need of orthodontic treatment due to the higher percentage of dental crowding. [source] Mortality date estimation using fetal pronghorn remainsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY, Issue 1 2008J. N. Fenner Abstract Pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) fetal remains are sometimes recovered from archaeological contexts. Pronghorn have consistent reproductive schedules so their remains may provide information on seasonality of site occupation and number of mortality events. To investigate the reliability of fetal remains for seasonality and mortality event assessment, bone size and tooth eruption were measured in a sample of modern fetal pronghorn remains with known mortality dates. Results indicate a strong correlation between bone size and mortality date, but no significant correlation between tooth eruption level and mortality date. Fetal bone size was used to estimate a late April or early May mortality date at both the Oyster Ridge (48UT35) and Trappers Point (48SU1006) archaeological sites. The number of mortality events at Trappers Point was also investigated. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Estimating age and season of death of pronghorn antelope (Antilocapra americana Ord) by means of tooth eruption and wearINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY, Issue 3 2001Patrick M. Lubinski Abstract Age and season of death information for prey animals at archaeological sites can address issues such as season of site occupation and prey hunting or harvesting strategies. Unfortunately, adequate reference information for estimating age and season is lacking for many wild species, including pronghorn antelope. To address this problem, new methods of scoring tooth eruption and wear have been developed and have been applied to a sample of over 500 pronghorn mandibles to obtain improved eruption and wear schedules. One implication of this study is that ,age class discreteness' is an unreliable method for demonstrating mass mortality of prey. This study provides a much larger comparative sample than previously available, although larger known-age mandible samples are still needed for pronghorn and many other wild species. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Oral features and dental health in Hurler Syndrome following hematopoietic stem cell transplantationINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, Issue 5 2010ELEANOR McGOVERN International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2010; 20: 322,329 Background., Hurler Syndrome is associated with a deficiency of a specific lysosomal enzyme involved in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in early infancy is undertaken to help prevent the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans and improve organ function. Aim., To investigate the oral features and dental health of patients with Hurler Syndrome who have undergone successful HSCT. Materials and methods., Twenty-five patients (median age 8.6 years) post-HSCT (mean age 9.4 months) underwent oral assessment (mean of 7.5 years post-HSCT). Results., Dental development was delayed. Numerous occlusal anomalies were noted including: open-bite, class III skeletal base, dental spacing, primary molar infra-occlusion and ectopic tooth eruption. Dental anomalies included hypodontia, microdontia, enamel defects, thin tapering canine crowns, pointed molar cusps, bulbous molar crowns and molar taurodontism. Tooth roots were usually short/blunted/spindle-like in permanent molars. The prevalence of dental caries was low in the permanent dentition (mean DMFT 0.7) but high in the primary dentition (mean dmft 2.4). Oral hygiene instruction with plaque and or calculus removal was indicated in 71% of those that were dentate. Conclusion., Patients with Hurler Syndrome post-HSCT are likely to have delayed dental development, a malocclusion, and dental anomalies, particularly hypodontia and microdontia. [source] Apert syndrome with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: a case reportINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, Issue 3 2006G. TOSUN Summary., Apert syndrome is characterized by midface hypoplasia, syndactyly of the hands and feet, proptosis of eyes, steep and flat frontal bones, and premature union of cranial sutures. Maxillary hypoplasia, deep palatal vault, anterior open bite, crowding of the dental arch, severely delayed tooth eruption, and dental malocclusion are the main oral manifestations of this syndrome. In this report, a case of Apert syndrome with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is presented. The patient, a 4-year-old male and the fourth child of healthy parents, was admitted to our department because of delayed tooth eruption. He had all the cardinal symptoms of the Apert syndrome. Clinical examination revealed that primary centrals, canines and first molars erupted; however, primary second molars and laterals had not erupted. The patient had no dental caries. Preventive treatments were applied, and subsequently, the patient was taken to long-term follow up. [source] Oral manifestations and dental status in paediatric HIV infectionINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, Issue 1 2000F.J. Ramos-Gomez Objective. To describe the incidence and prevalence of oral manifestations of HIV infection in a population of perinatally infected children. Design. Retrospective and prospective study of a cohort of perinatally HIV-infected children. Setting. Community hospital and community-based paediatric clinic. Sample and methods. Forty perinatally HIV-infected children with a median age of 12 months were eligible and selected for the study, which included a medical chart review from birth and prospective follow-up. Each child was examined quarterly for oral manifestations, tooth eruption, and for 27 children, caries and periodontal status. Results. The incidence of pseudomembranous candidiasis was 43% (95% CI, 27,58%) within 6 months of birth. Oral candidiasis (defined as pseudomembranous or erythematous) was positively associated with low CD4 counts and the occurrence of plaque. Children with low CD4 counts were also found to have fewer teeth than children with high CD4 counts, after adjusting for age. Conclusions. Oral manifestations are common in paediatric HIV infection and are possible predictors of HIV disease progression. Primary care of HIV-infected children should include periodic oral examinations to monitor their HIV disease progression and to alleviate symptoms associated with oral opportunistic infections. [source] Localization of the Gene Causing the Osteopetrotic Phenotype in the Incisors Absent (Ia) Rat on Chromosome 10q32.1,JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2004Liesbeth van Wesenbeeck Abstract The incisors absent rat is an osteopetrotic animal model. Segregation analysis in 37 affected animals from an outcross enabled us to assign the disease causing gene to a 4.7-cM interval on rat chromosome 10q32.1. Further analysis of the genes mapped in this region will provide more insight into the underlying pathogenesis. Introduction: Many of the insights into the factors that regulate the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts are gained from different spontaneous and genetically induced osteopetrotic animal models. The osteopetrotic incisors absent (ia) rat exhibits a generalized skeletal sclerosis and a delay of tooth eruption. Although the ia rat has well been studied phenotypically, the genetic defect still remains unknown. Material and Methods: To map the ia locus, we outcrossed the inbred ia strain with the inbred strain Brown Norway. Intercrossing F1 animals produced the F2 generation. Thirty-one mutant F2 animals and six mutant F4 animals were available for segregation analysis. Results: Segregation analysis enabled us to assign the disease causing gene to rat chromosome 10q32.1. Homozygosity for the ia allele was obtained for two of the markers analyzed (D10Rat18 and D10Rat84). Key recombinations delineate a candidate region of 4.7 cM flanked by the markers D10Rat99 and D10Rat17. Conclusion: We have delineated a 4.7-cM region on rat chromosome 10q32.1 in which the gene responsible for the osteopetrotic phenotype of the ia rat is located. Although the sequence of this chromosomal region is not complete, over 140 known or putative genes have already been assigned to this region. Among these, several candidate genes with a putative role in osteoclast functioning can be identified. However, at this point, it cannot be excluded that one of the genes with a currently unknown function is involved in the pathogenesis of the ia rat. Further analysis of the genes mapped in this region will provide us more insight into the pathogenesis of this osteopetrotic animal model. [source] Gingival and dentofacial changes in adolescents and adults 2 to 10 years after orthodontic treatmentJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 9 2008Georges-André Theytaz Abstract Background: Information about long-term changes of the shape of the gingival margin is missing. Aim: To monitor 8 year changes of the gingival contour occurring in adolescents and adults and relate these changes to dentofacial growth. Subjects and method: Forty adolescents (mean age 16.3), and 14 adults (mean age 29.7) were included in the study with photographs, radiographs and casts taken 2 and 10 years after orthodontic treatment. The gingival contour of upper central incisors and the midline passing through the contact surface of both teeth were traced digitally using calibrated photographs. Changes were measured on seven standardized lines of the gingival contour. Lower facial height changes and tooth eruption were measured using lateral cephalograms. Results: Adolescents and adults showed a central mean apical displacement of the gingival margin of 0.51 mm (SD 0.4 mm) and 0.13 mm (SD 0.17 mm), respectively. This displacement decreased by moving away from the centre. The gingival displacement was associated to the individual's lower facial height augmentation, r=0.63 (p<0.001). Conclusions: Apical displacement of the gingival contour of the upper central incisors takes place during adolescence following a semi-lunar shape. Growth explains parts of these changes. [source] Eruption cyst formation associated with cyclosporin AJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 5 2003A case report Abstract Background: Cyclosporin A (CyA) is a potent immunomodulatory agent with a wide range of applications. Despite its therapeutic value, multiple adverse effects of CyA have been identified. This case report describes eruption cyst formation as a possible adverse effect of CyA administration during tooth eruption in a boy treated with CyA as a consequence of a cardiac transplantation. The clinical diagnosis of eruption cyst was confirmed by histopathological examination. Treatment: The periodontal treatment consisted of supragingival and subgingival scaling, followed by surgical removal of the tissues overlying the crowns of the teeth associated with eruption cysts, and flap surgery in the region of gingival overgrowth. The patient was then placed on quarterly periodontal supportive therapy and his immunosuppressive medication was switched from CyA to tacrolimus. Results: Twenty months after therapy, neither new cyst formation nor recurrence of gingival overgrowth was registered. Conclusion: Formation of an eruption cyst may be an adverse effect of CyA in children with erupting teeth. Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Cyclosporin A (CyA) ist potentes immunmodulierendes Pharmakon mit einer breiten Applikationsmöglichkeit. Unabhängig von seinem therapeutischen Wert sind multiple Nebeneffekte von CyA beschrieben worden. Dieser Fallbericht beschreibt die Bildung einer Zyste beim Zahndurchbruch als eine mögliche Nebenwirkung von CyA Medikation bei einem Jungen, der mit CyA wegen einer Herztransplantation behandelt wurde. Die klinische Diagnose der Zystenbildung wurde histopathologisch bestätigt. Behandlung: Die parodontale Behandlung bestand in supragingivaler und subgingivaler Zahnreinigung gefolgt von der chirurgischen Entfernung des die Zahnkronen überdeckenden Gewebes, was mit der Zystenbildung verbunden war, und der Lappenchirurgie in der Region der gingivalen Wucherung. Der Patient wurde dann in das vierteljährliche parodontale Recall übernommen, und seine immunsuppressive Medikation wurde von CyA zu Tacrolimus verändert. Ergebnisse: 20 Monate nach der Therapie wurde weder eine neue Zystenbildung noch eine Wiederkehr der gingivalen Wucherung registriert. Schlussfolgerung: Die Bildung einer Durchbruchszyste kann eine Nebenwirkung bei der CyA Medikation bei Kindern während des Zahndurchbruchs sein. Résumé La cyclosporine A (CyA) est un agent immuno-modulateur puissant avec un large éventail d'applications. Malgré sa valeur thérapeutique, de multiples effets secondaires CyA ont été identifiés. Ce rapport de cas décrit une formation de kystes d'éruption qui pourrait être un effet secondaire possible de l'administration de CyA durant l'éruption dentaire chez un garçon traité par CyA à la suite d'une transplantation cardiaque. Le diagnostic clinique du kyste d'éruption a été confirmé par l'histopathologie. Le traitement parodontal a consisté en détartrage et surfaçage suivis par l'enlèvement chirurgical des tissus recouvrant les couronnes des dents associés aux kystes d'éruptions, et une chirurgie par lambeaux dans la région d'accroissement gingivale. L'enfant a bénéficié d'un suivi parodontal trimestriel et sa médication immunosuppressive est passée du CyA au tacrolimus. Vingt mois après le traitement, ni la formation de kystes ni la réapparition d'hypertrophie gingivale n'a été enregistrée. La formation de kystes d'éruption pourrait donc être un effet secondaire de l'utilisation de la CyA chez les enfants au moment de l'éruption des dents. [source] Immunoglobulins in saliva of preterm and full-term infants.MOLECULAR ORAL MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 2 200318 months of age, A longitudinal study from 0 The aim of this longitudinal study was to determine salivary levels of total IgA, IgG and IgM in 84 preterm and 214 full-term infants, from birth to 18 months of age. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from each infant at birth, and subsequently at 3-monthly intervals. Immunoglobulin levels were estimated using an ELISA technique. At birth, IgA was detected in 147/214 (69%) full-term infants but only 47/84 (56%) preterm infants (P < 0.01). In the case of IgG, 61% of full-term and 56% of preterm infants showed detectable levels, whereas IgM was found in 71% and 73%, respectively. Levels of IgA and IgG rose from birth to 18 months, whereas IgM levels did not change significantly. Increases in salivary levels of IgA were associated with introduction of solid foods (P < 0.001), as well as tooth eruption (P < 0.001). Our results indicate that the majority of full-term and preterm infants are orally immunocompetent at birth. [source] Mechanism and control of tooth eruption: overview and clinical implicationsORTHODONTICS & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2009WR Proffit Structured Abstract Authors,,, Proffit WR, Frazier-Bowers SA Objectives,,, To review pre- and post-emergent eruption, with particular emphasis on distinguishing isolated molar ankylosis from primary failure of eruption (PFE) and genetic considerations in eruption problems. Material and Methods,,, Radiographic review of eruption failure patients; animal and human experiments; high precision observations of movements of erupting teeth. Results,,, In pre-emergent tooth eruption, the controlling element is the rate of resorption of overlying structures. A path is cleared, and then the erupting tooth moves along it. This has clinical importance in recognizing the cause of eruption problems, particularly PFE, in which all teeth distal to the most mesial involved tooth do not erupt or respond to orthodontics. In our study of by far the largest sample of PFE cases yet reported, familial cases of PFE accounted for approximately ¼ of all cases examined. Candidate genes now are being evaluated. In post-emergent eruption, control seems to be light forces of long duration that oppose eruption, rather than heavy forces of short duration such as those during mastication. Studies of human premolars in their passage from gingival emergence to the occlusal plane show that in this phase eruption occurs only during a few hours in the early evening. The critical hours for eruption parallel the time that growth hormone levels are highest in a growing child. In this stage intermittent force does not affect the rate of eruption, but changes in periodontal blood flow do affect it. [source] | ||||||||||