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Thermal Aspects (thermal + aspect)
Selected AbstractsFluid Dynamics and Thermal Aspects of the Dewatering of High-Alumina Refractory Castables: Removal of Physically Absorbed WaterJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, Issue 11 2001Murilo D. M. Innocentini This article reports on an experimental investigation of the dewatering process of cement-free high-alumina refractory castables. Simultaneous fluid dynamic, thermal, and mass loss effects were investigated during the removal of physically absorbed water at temperatures of 25° to 700°C. The release of steam was decisively affected by the castable's permeability level and the heating rate applied. The analysis of fluid dynamics revealed that at 1°C/min, the main bulk of physical water was released as steam under saturated conditions at 100°C. However, at 5°C/min, steam was trapped within the pores, and water loss was chaotically released and shifted to higher temperatures. Thermal analysis showed that the endothermic boiling of water may result in a critical thermal shock in the castable's structure. Both steam entrapment and thermal shock were more severe with the reduction in the castable's permeability level. [source] U-PVC gelation level assessment, part 1: Comparison of different techniquesJOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY, Issue 3 2006Louise-Anne Fillot Several different gelation assessment methods such as differential scanning calorimetry, capillary rheometry, solvent absorption, wide angle x-ray scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy were applied to a typical PVC window profile formulation subjected to various thermomechanical histories. Shear applied during the process could be decomposed into two components: (i) a thermal component corresponding to the self-heating that was generated and (ii) a "mechanical" component associated with a "pure" shearing action deprived of any thermal aspect. Shear sensitivity of the above-mentioned gelation assessment techniques was evaluated by considering both aspects. Gelation levels established by differential scanning calorimetry and capillary rheometry were especially compared, thus allowing a comparison of the two physical aspects evidenced by each technique, i.e., crystallite melting and macromolecular network development. It appeared that as soon as the PVC particulate structure had been fragmented into micronic entities (primary particles) the gelation process was governed mainly by the thermal aspect, i.e., crystallite melting. J. VINYL. ADDIT. TECHNOL. 12:98,107, 2006. © 2006 Society of Plastics Engineers. [source] Effect of pressure on thermal aspects in the riser column of a pressurized circulating fluidized bedINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH, Issue 3 2006A. V. S. S. K. S. Gupta Abstract In the present paper the effect of pressure on bed-to-wall heat transfer in the riser column of a pressurized circulating fluidized bed (PCFB) unit is estimated through a modified mechanistic model. Gas,solid flow structure and average cross-sectional solids concentration play a dominant role in better understanding of bed-to-wall heat transfer mechanism in the riser column of a PCFB. The effect of pressure on average solids concentration fraction ,c' in the riser column is analysed from the experimental investigations. The basic cluster renewal model of an atmospheric circulating fluidized bed has been modified to consider the effect of pressure on different model parameters such as cluster properties, gas layer thickness, cluster, particle, gas phase, radiation and bed-to-wall heat transfer coefficients, respectively. The cluster thermal conductivity increases with system pressure as well as with bed temperature due to higher cluster thermal properties. The increased operating pressure enhances the particle and dispersed phase heat transfer components. The bed-to-wall heat transfer coefficient increases with operating pressure, because of increased particle concentration. The predicted results from the model are compared with the experimentally measured values as well as with the published literature, and a good agreement has been observed. The bed-to-wall heat transfer coefficient variation along the riser height is also reported for different operating pressures. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Antibacterial, spectral and thermal aspects of drug based-Cu(II) mixed ligand complexesAPPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 10 2009G. J. Kharadi Abstract The antibiotic agent clioquinol is well known for its drug design and coordinating ability towards metal ions. Copper(II) mixed-ligand complexes of clioquinol with various uninegative bidentate ligands were prepared. The structure of the synthesized complexes was characterized using elemental analyses, infrared spectra, 1H-NMR spectra, electronic spectra, magnetic measurements, FAB mass spectrum and thermo gravimetric analyses. The kinetic parameters such as order of reaction (n) and the energy of activation (Ea) are reported using the Freeman,Carroll method. The pre-exponential factor (A), the activation entropy (,S#), the activation enthalpy (,H#) and the free energy of activation (,G#) were calculated. Complexes were also screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in order to set the precursors for anti-tumourigenic agent. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | ||||||||||