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Therapeutic Community (therapeutic + community)
Selected AbstractsThe impact of a social network intervention on retention in Belgian therapeutic communities: a quasi-experimental studyADDICTION, Issue 7 2006Veerle Soyez ABSTRACT Background Although numerous studies recognize the importance of social network support in engaging substance abusers into treatment, there is only limited knowledge of the impact of network involvement and support during treatment. The primary objective of this research was to enhance retention in Therapeutic Community treatment utilizing a social network intervention. Aims The specific goals of this study were (1) to determine whether different pre-treatment factors predicted treatment retention in a Therapeutic Community; and (2) to determine whether participation of significant others in a social network intervention predicted treatment retention. Design, setting and participants Consecutive admissions to four long-term residential Therapeutic Communities were assessed at intake (n = 207); the study comprised a mainly male (84.9%) sample of polydrug (41.1%) and opiate (20.8%) abusers, of whom 64.4% had ever injected drugs. Assessment involved the European version of the Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI), the Circumstances, Motivation, Readiness scales (CMR), the Dutch version of the family environment scale (GKS/FES) and an in-depth interview on social network structure and perceived social support. Network members of different cohorts were assigned to a social network intervention, which consisted of three elements (a video, participation at an induction day and participation in a discussion session). Findings Hierarchical regression analyses showed that client-perceived social support (F1,198 = 10.9, P = 0.001) and treatment motivation and readiness (F1,198 = 8.8; P = 0.003) explained a significant proportion of the variance in treatment retention (model fit: F7,197 = 4.4; P = 0.000). By including the variable ,significant others' participation in network intervention' (network involvement) in the model, the fit clearly improved (F1,197 = 6.2; P = 0.013). At the same time, the impact of perceived social support decreased (F1,197 = 2.9; P = 0.091). Conclusions Participation in the social network intervention was associated with improved treatment retention controlling for other client characteristics. This suggests that the intervention may be of benefit in the treatment of addicted individuals. [source] Mental health improvements of substance-dependent clients after 4 months in a Therapeutic CommunityDRUG AND ALCOHOL REVIEW, Issue 5 2010ANNE-MAREE POLIMENI Abstract Introduction and Aims. Odyssey House Victoria's Therapeutic Community (TC) accepts substance-dependent clients, including those with co-occurring mental health issues. American data suggest that TCs are effective in rehabilitating such clients; however, Australian research is limited. The aim of the study was to examine Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) profiles of Odyssey House TC residents early in their residency and again after 4 months, to chart changes in MMPI-2 profiles and compare them with norms for psychological health. Design and Methods. The sample comprised 351 clients who were part of the residential program between 1997 and 2007, and who remained in treatment at the TC for at least 4 months. They were administered the MMPI-2 after 5 weeks in treatment and again after 4 months. Results. At the first assessment, the validity scales of the MMPI-2 plus the clinical scales Depression, Psychopathic Deviate, Paranoia, Psychasthenia and Schizophrenia were in the clinical range. At the second assessment, mean scores on all clinical scales except Mania were significantly or near significantly lower and, except for Psychopathic Deviate, within the normal range. The validity scales also demonstrated improvement, although two of the three remained in the clinical range. Discussion and Conclusions. Results indicated that treatment within the TC over this time span was associated with improved mental health. The present study suggests that residential rehabilitation's holistic approach provides a suitable treatment model for clients with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders.[Polimeni A-M, Moore SM, Gruenert S. Mental health improvements of substance-dependent clients after 4 months in a Therapeutic Community. Drug Alcohol Rev 2010] [source] What future for the Therapeutic Community in the field of addiction?ADDICTION, Issue 12 2006A view from Europe No abstract is available for this article. [source] The impact of a social network intervention on retention in Belgian therapeutic communities: a quasi-experimental studyADDICTION, Issue 7 2006Veerle Soyez ABSTRACT Background Although numerous studies recognize the importance of social network support in engaging substance abusers into treatment, there is only limited knowledge of the impact of network involvement and support during treatment. The primary objective of this research was to enhance retention in Therapeutic Community treatment utilizing a social network intervention. Aims The specific goals of this study were (1) to determine whether different pre-treatment factors predicted treatment retention in a Therapeutic Community; and (2) to determine whether participation of significant others in a social network intervention predicted treatment retention. Design, setting and participants Consecutive admissions to four long-term residential Therapeutic Communities were assessed at intake (n = 207); the study comprised a mainly male (84.9%) sample of polydrug (41.1%) and opiate (20.8%) abusers, of whom 64.4% had ever injected drugs. Assessment involved the European version of the Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI), the Circumstances, Motivation, Readiness scales (CMR), the Dutch version of the family environment scale (GKS/FES) and an in-depth interview on social network structure and perceived social support. Network members of different cohorts were assigned to a social network intervention, which consisted of three elements (a video, participation at an induction day and participation in a discussion session). Findings Hierarchical regression analyses showed that client-perceived social support (F1,198 = 10.9, P = 0.001) and treatment motivation and readiness (F1,198 = 8.8; P = 0.003) explained a significant proportion of the variance in treatment retention (model fit: F7,197 = 4.4; P = 0.000). By including the variable ,significant others' participation in network intervention' (network involvement) in the model, the fit clearly improved (F1,197 = 6.2; P = 0.013). At the same time, the impact of perceived social support decreased (F1,197 = 2.9; P = 0.091). Conclusions Participation in the social network intervention was associated with improved treatment retention controlling for other client characteristics. This suggests that the intervention may be of benefit in the treatment of addicted individuals. [source] Determining socio-demographic predictors of treatment dropout: results in a therapeutic communityINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WELFARE, Issue 4 2008José J. López-Gońi This article presents a study of a number of socio-demographic factors that predict treatment dropout from a residential substance use disorder programme in Spain (Proyecto Hombre Therapeutic Community). A sample of 430 patients (173 who completed treatment and 257 who dropped out of treatment) was assessed at entry to the therapeutic community programme in order to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. According to the results obtained, factors that predicted treatment dropout included younger age, male gender and previous treatment history in the Proyecto Hombre therapeutic community. Patients with these characteristics were at significantly greater risk of dropping out of treatment. The implications of these results for further research and clinical practice are commented upon. [source] Is In-Prison Treatment Enough?LAW & POLICY, Issue 1 2003A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Prison-Based Treatment, Aftercare Services for Substance-Abusing Offenders This study performed a cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) of the Amity in-prison Therapeutic Community (TC) and Vista aftercare programs for criminal offenders in California. For the average treatment participant, the cost of treatment was $4,112, which led to approximately fifty-one fewer days incarcerated (36% less) than the average individual in the control group. This implies that, for the average offender, treatment reduced recidivism at a cost of $80 per incarceration day. For participants who received both in-prison treatment and aftercare services, an additional day of incarceration was avoided at a cost of $51 per day relative to those that received in-prison treatment only. [source] Key Aspects of Psychological Change in Residents of a Prison Therapeutic Community: A Focus Group ApproachTHE HOWARD JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE, Issue 2 2006SARAH MILLER Residents identified change as a process comprising variability, gradual movement and differential paces. The process was seen to involve self-referential properties, interpersonal facets and challenges. Residents distinguished two significant change events: identifying aspects of the unknown and openness to receive help. Support is given to focus group methodology as a way of offering novel insights into experience of a TC as a process-orientated model of change, taking into account individual aspects and underlying facets of change. [source] The impact of a social network intervention on retention in Belgian therapeutic communities: a quasi-experimental studyADDICTION, Issue 7 2006Veerle Soyez ABSTRACT Background Although numerous studies recognize the importance of social network support in engaging substance abusers into treatment, there is only limited knowledge of the impact of network involvement and support during treatment. The primary objective of this research was to enhance retention in Therapeutic Community treatment utilizing a social network intervention. Aims The specific goals of this study were (1) to determine whether different pre-treatment factors predicted treatment retention in a Therapeutic Community; and (2) to determine whether participation of significant others in a social network intervention predicted treatment retention. Design, setting and participants Consecutive admissions to four long-term residential Therapeutic Communities were assessed at intake (n = 207); the study comprised a mainly male (84.9%) sample of polydrug (41.1%) and opiate (20.8%) abusers, of whom 64.4% had ever injected drugs. Assessment involved the European version of the Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI), the Circumstances, Motivation, Readiness scales (CMR), the Dutch version of the family environment scale (GKS/FES) and an in-depth interview on social network structure and perceived social support. Network members of different cohorts were assigned to a social network intervention, which consisted of three elements (a video, participation at an induction day and participation in a discussion session). Findings Hierarchical regression analyses showed that client-perceived social support (F1,198 = 10.9, P = 0.001) and treatment motivation and readiness (F1,198 = 8.8; P = 0.003) explained a significant proportion of the variance in treatment retention (model fit: F7,197 = 4.4; P = 0.000). By including the variable ,significant others' participation in network intervention' (network involvement) in the model, the fit clearly improved (F1,197 = 6.2; P = 0.013). At the same time, the impact of perceived social support decreased (F1,197 = 2.9; P = 0.091). Conclusions Participation in the social network intervention was associated with improved treatment retention controlling for other client characteristics. This suggests that the intervention may be of benefit in the treatment of addicted individuals. [source] The emancipation of nursing practice: Applying anti-psychiatry to the therapeutic communityINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH NURSING, Issue 1 2001Anthony Paul O'Brien ABSTRACT This paper raises issues about the process and conduct of clinical relationships with people diagnosed as mentally ill who live in therapeutic communities. This clinical work is of particular importance in the late 1990s due to the changing socio-cultural climate of interaction with people living with mental illness. This climate has a focus of care on recovery in the community and not on long-term hospitalization. The paper takes the position of anti-psychiatry as a preferred model of intervention because it is person and not diagnosis oriented. The nature of the therapeutic community is explored in relation to its importance in the context of destigmatizing mental illness, its structure, and in its ability to empower the person from a philosophically driven and experiential perspective. [source] Sexual boundary violations in residential drug-free therapeutic community treatmentINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOANALYTIC STUDIES, Issue 4 2008William H. Gottdiener Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the phenomenon of sexual boundary violations in residential therapeutic community (TC) programs for substance abusers using secondary data analysis methods. One hundred and ninety-seven participants who had been treated in TCs in New York City were interviewed 30 days post-discharge. Sexual boundary violations were reported by approximately one-quarter of the sample. Possible psychodynamic causes (e.g. enactments, group dynamics) of sexual boundary violations are discussed. Implications for research, theory, and for prevention of sexual boundary violations in TC programs are addressed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Using therapeutic community principles to improve the functioning of a high care psychiatric ward in the UKINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH NURSING, Issue 1 2002Willm Mistral ABSTRACT: The effects of interventions within a high-care psychiatric ward, based upon the principles of a therapeutic community, were evaluated. Interventions included an enhanced physical environment, improved communication, clear rules and aims, and improved safety procedures. A Ward Atmosphere Scale, an Attitude Scale, and interviews with staff indicated improvements in ward atmosphere and staff attitudes. Ward records showed a substantial reduction in the use of seclusion for aggressive patient behaviour, and a 62% reduction over 2 years in short-term staff illness. The authors conclude that similar interventions could be used to improve the functioning of other psychiatric wards. [source] The emancipation of nursing practice: Applying anti-psychiatry to the therapeutic communityINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH NURSING, Issue 1 2001Anthony Paul O'Brien ABSTRACT This paper raises issues about the process and conduct of clinical relationships with people diagnosed as mentally ill who live in therapeutic communities. This clinical work is of particular importance in the late 1990s due to the changing socio-cultural climate of interaction with people living with mental illness. This climate has a focus of care on recovery in the community and not on long-term hospitalization. The paper takes the position of anti-psychiatry as a preferred model of intervention because it is person and not diagnosis oriented. The nature of the therapeutic community is explored in relation to its importance in the context of destigmatizing mental illness, its structure, and in its ability to empower the person from a philosophically driven and experiential perspective. [source] Determining socio-demographic predictors of treatment dropout: results in a therapeutic communityINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WELFARE, Issue 4 2008José J. López-Gońi This article presents a study of a number of socio-demographic factors that predict treatment dropout from a residential substance use disorder programme in Spain (Proyecto Hombre Therapeutic Community). A sample of 430 patients (173 who completed treatment and 257 who dropped out of treatment) was assessed at entry to the therapeutic community programme in order to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. According to the results obtained, factors that predicted treatment dropout included younger age, male gender and previous treatment history in the Proyecto Hombre therapeutic community. Patients with these characteristics were at significantly greater risk of dropping out of treatment. The implications of these results for further research and clinical practice are commented upon. [source] Talking about theatre and therapyPSYCHOTHERAPY AND POLITICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 3 2006Jonathan Chadwick Abstract This piece is an attempt to encourage talk about theatre and therapy in the context of the Az Theatre ,War Stories' project, an international exploration of war and theatre, of destruction and creativity, the latest phase of which is focused on stories of recovery. It is a development of notes written for a meeting with a group of therapists of different kinds, and associates of the company. The project and its background are described and the perspectives that have informed the work are laid out. Some ideas about trauma and the impact of war and violence are related to myth and stories and particularly to Euripides' play Alcestis. The working methods of the project and the relationship to the therapeutic community are described. Copyright © John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Coping Strategies and Relapse of Substance Abusers: A Case Study of the Therapeutic Community Program in IndonesiaASIAN SOCIAL WORK AND POLICY REVIEW, Issue 2 2010Adi Fahrudin The present study examined the ability of people with substance-dependence problems to cope with stressful events and refrain from resuming alcohol drinking and the use of drugs. This study specifically examined the length of time that substance abusing-residents spent in a state-owned, residential-based therapeutic community program at Lembang-Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. A study sample of 68 residents completed a questionnaire with four sections. The results of this study showed no significant differences in the scores rating the coping behavior of the residents according to the length of stay in the program. This study also found no significant differences in the Coping Behavioral Inventory scores of the residents according to the level scores of total Coping Strategy Inventory. It is important for social workers to understand the relationship between the length of stay of residents and their ability to cope so that they can effectively engage in intervention work with individuals with substance-dependence issues who participate in the therapeutic community. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||