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Teratology Society (teratology + society)
Selected AbstractsThe cause and prevention of human birth defects: What have we learned in the past 50 years?CONGENITAL ANOMALIES, Issue 1 2001Robert L. Brent ABSTRACT This review article dealig with the subject of "The Cause and Prevention of Human Birth Defects" was prepared in celebration of the 40th anniversary of the Japanese Teratology Society. It begins with recollections of some of the important contributions of Japanese scientists in the fields of teratology and embryology and a summary of the many scientific and medical accomplishments of the past 50 years in the fields of teratology, genetics, developmental biology, epidemiology and genetics. The review includes a summary of the drugs, chemicals and physical agents that have been documented to result in congenital malformations and reproductive effects when pregnant women are exposed during pregnancy. The principles of teratology were also summarized and emphasize that 1) no teratogenic agent can be described qualitatively as a teratogen, since a teratogenic exposure must include not only the agent, but also the dose and the time in pregnancy when the exposure occurs. 2) Even agents that have been demonstrated to result in malformatins cannot produce every type of malformation. 3) Known teratogens can be presumptively identified by the spectrum of malformations they produce. 4) It is easier to exclude an agent as a cause of birth defects than to definitively conclude that it was responsible for birth defects. 5) When evaluating the risk of exposures, the dose is a crucial component in determining the risk. 6) Teratogenic agents follow a toxicological dose response curve. This means that each teratogen has a threshold dose, below which, there is no risk of teratogenensis, no matter when in pregnancy the exposure occurred. 7) The evaluation of a child with congenital malformations connot be adequately performed unless it is approached with the same scholarship and detail, as is any other complicated medical problem. 8) Each physician must recognize the consequences of providing erroneous reproductive risks to pregnant women exposed to drugs and chemicals during pregnancy or alleging that a child's malformations are due to an environmental agent without performing a complete and scholarly evaluation. [source] Prehistory of the Japanese Teratology Society: The pioneers of teratology in Japan and the founders of the SocietyCONGENITAL ANOMALIES, Issue 1 2001Yoshiro Kameyama ABSTRACT The significant achievements of teratological research in Japan were traced from the beginning of the 20th century to the foundation of Japanese Teratology Society (JTS) in 1961 as a bird's-eye view of the prehistory of JTS. The activities of the leaders of foresight who contributed to establish the JTS and to consolidate its basis for future growth were introduced in chronological order; Japanese pioneers before 1945, early developing stage of research (1948,1954), study groups furnishing the basis of JTS (1955,1961), and the final step for JTS establishment (1960,1961). Teratological research in Japan was initiated independent of foreign studies and had obtained original findings before World War II. The studies in Japan progressed with their main target the prevention of exogeneous malformations as a feasible approach from the standpoint of practical medicine. Accordingly, a close collaboration between experimental and clinical teratologists, one of the grand traditions of JTS, was in place even before the early stages of JTS foundation. [source] An updated history of the Teratology SocietyBIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH, Issue 5 2010Thomas H. Shepard BACKGROUND: The 49-year history of the Teratology Society is reviewed. An abbreviated history is outlined in table form, with listings of the Warkany Lectures, the Continuing Education Courses, and officers of the society. The original article was updated to include the years 2000 to 2010. METHODS: A year-by-year description of the events is given, including the scientific and social content of the annual meetings and changes in the business of the society, in many cases using comments from the past presidents. The valuable and unique diversity of the members is discussed and illustrated, presenting the disciplines and main research areas of the presidents. The number of submitted abstracts and the various categories are tabulated, averaging the number and type over successive periods. A significant increase in the number of abstracts dealing with epidemiology and developmental biology is evident. The society's development is compared to that of a human, and the question was asked by Shephard et al. (2000): Have we reached the maturational stage of old age or senescence, or is the society still maturing gracefully? This question needs further discussion by all the members. By 2010, many positive changes are happening to revitalize the society. RESULTS: During the past 50 years, we have developed the scientific basis to prevent birth defects caused by rubella, alcoholism, and folate deficiency, as well as other prenatal exposures. We are now taking advantage of advances in many fields to begin shaping the Teratology Society of the 21st century. CONCLUSIONS: We must now engage in political battles to obtain the resources needed to conduct further research and to implement prevention programs, as well as to provide care and rehabilitation for persons with birth defects. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] 49th Annual Meeting of the Teratology SocietyBIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH, Issue 5 2009Article first published online: 27 MAY 200 First page of article [source] Teratology Society 2007 Author IndexBIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH, Issue 5 2007Article first published online: 14 MAY 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] Thirty-First Annual Meeting of the Neurobehavioral Teratology Society and the Twenty-Sixth Annaul Meeting of the Behavioral Toxicology Society held in conjuction with the 47th Annual Meeting of the Teratology Society and the 20th Annual Meeting of the Organization of Teratology Information SpecialistsBIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH, Issue 5 2007Article first published online: 14 MAY 200 First page of article [source] Statement of the Public Affairs Committee of the Teratology Society on the importance of smoking cessation during pregnancy,BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH, Issue 11 2003Jane Adams First page of article [source] Teratology Society: Platform Sessions AbstractsBIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH, Issue 6 2002Article first published online: 5 JUN 200 First page of article [source] Teratology Society: Platform sessions abstractsBIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH, Issue 6 2001Article first published online: 17 MAY 200 First page of article [source] | ||||||||||