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Taiwanese Population (taiwanese + population)
Selected AbstractsInteraction of the G182C polymorphism in the APOA5 gene and fasting plasma glucose on plasma triglycerides in Type 2 diabetic subjectsDIABETIC MEDICINE, Issue 12 2005Y.-D. Jiang Abstract Aim Apolipoprotein AV (APOA5) is an important determinant of plasma triglyceride concentration. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of an amino acid substitution at position 182 (G182C) of the apolipoprotein AV (APOA5) gene with triglyceride concentration in a Taiwanese population. Methods This study enrolled two cohorts: non-diabetic subjects (112 males and 89 females) aged 50.3 ± 11.0 years (mean ± sd) and diabetic subjects (106 males and 96 females) aged 62.1 ± 10.3 years. The relationship between the G182C polymorphism (rs 2075291) and plasma triglycerides was examined. Demographic and metabolic parameters including age, sex, body mass index, fasting plasma glucose and total cholesterol were also obtained. Results The G182C polymorphism was a determinant of plasma triglycerides in both non-diabetic (P = 0.022) and diabetic (P = 0.003) groups, independent of age, gender, fasting plasma glucose, body mass index and total cholesterol. In the diabetic group, this genetic polymorphism interacts significantly (P = 0.032) with fasting plasma glucose concentration on plasma triglycerides after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index and total cholesterol. Conclusions In conclusion, the G182C polymorphism of the APOA5 gene affects plasma triglycerides in both non-diabetic and diabetic populations. The observed interaction of gene and glycaemic control further indicates a multifactorial nature of clinical phenotypes in subjects with Type 2 diabetes. Diabet. Med. (2005) [source] A to G transitions at 260, 386 and 437 in DAZL gene are not associated with spermatogenic failure in Indian populationINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY, Issue 5 2006K. Thangaraj Summary The autosomal DAZL (Deleted-in- Azoospermic- Like) gene, mapped to the short arm of the human chromosome 3, is the precursor for the Y-chromosomal DAZ cluster, which encodes for putative RNA-binding proteins. Mutations in the DAZL have been reported to be associated with spermatogenic failure in Taiwanese population but not in Caucasians. As there was no study on Indian populations, we have analysed the entire coding sequences of exons 2 and 3 of DAZL in a total of 1010 men from Indian subcontinent, including 660 infertile men with 598 non-obstructive azoospermia, 62 severe oligozoospermia and 350 normozoospermic fertile control men, to investigate whether mutation(s) in the DAZL is associated with male infertility. Interestingly, none of our samples (1010) showed A386G (T54A) mutation, which was found to be associated with spermatogenic failure in Taiwanese population. In contrast, A260G (T12A) mutation was observed in both infertile and normozoospermic fertile control men, without any significant association with infertile groups (,2 = 0.342; p = 0.556). Similarly, we have found a novel A437G (I71V) mutation, which is also present in both infertile and normozoospermic fertile control men without any significant difference (,2 = 0.476; p = 0.490). Our study clearly demonstrates the complete absence of the A386G (T54A) mutation in Indian subcontinent and the other two mutations , A260G (T12A) and A437G (I71V) , observed are polymorpic. Therefore, we conclude that these mutations in the DAZL gene are not associated with male infertility in Indian subcontinent. [source] Confirmation of a recombinant allele B*5603 and a hypothetical reciprocal hybridINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMMUNOGENETICS, Issue 1 2002J.-Y. Lyou Summary From its DNA sequence, B*5603 is thought to be a product of gene conversion. We present here serological evidence of such an event and further speculate on a possible reciprocal hybrid yet to be identified. In addition, we report the allelic frequency of B*5603 in the Taiwanese population and its association with A*1101, Cw*01 and DRB1*1201. [source] Genetic polymorphism of sulfotransferase 1A1, cigarette smoking, hazardous chemical exposure and urothelial cancer risk in a Taiwanese populationINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 12 2008Yuan-Hung Wang Objectives: To investigate the association between genetic polymorphism of sulfotransferase1A1 (SULT1A1), cigarette smoking, hazardous chemical exposure and urothelial cancer risk in a Taiwanese population. Methods: In a hospital-based case,control study, a total of 300 urothelial cancer (UC) cases and 300 cancer-free controls frequency-matched by age and gender were recruited from September 1998 to December 2005. The SULT1A1 arginine213histidine (Arg213His) polymorphism was genotyped using a polymerase chain reaction,restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results: We found that the significantly increased UC risks of ever smokers and heavy smokers (,28 pack-years) were 2.1 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4,3.3) and 2.2 (95% CI = 1.3,3.6), respectively. An increased UC risk of 1.8 (95% CI = 0.8,3.8) was observed among individuals with more than one item of hazardous chemical exposure, but it was not statistically significant. Compared with study subjects carrying the SULT1A1 Arg/Arg genotype, those with SULT1A1 Arg/His or His/His genotypes have a significantly decreased UC risk (Odds ratio [OR] = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3,0.8). Heavy smokers carrying the SULT1A1 Arg/Arg genotype have a significantly increased UC risk (OR = 5.2, 95% CI = 2.3,11.6). Individuals who had been exposed to more than one item of hazardous chemicals and who carried the SULT1A1 Arg/Arg genotype have a significantly increased UC risk (OR = 3.7, 95% CI = 1.4,9.7). The highest significant increased UC risk (OR = 16.1, 95% CI = 2.9,87.2) was observed among ever smokers with hazardous chemical exposure and the SULT1A1 Arg/Arg genotype. Conclusions: SULT1A1 Arg213His polymorphism is associated with the development of UC, especially among cigarette smokers exposed to hazardous chemicals. [source] The polymorphisms of interleukin 17A (IL17A) gene and its association with pediatric asthma in Taiwanese populationALLERGY, Issue 7 2009J. Y. Wang Background:, The interleukin 17A (IL17A) gene, located on chromosome 6p and linked to asthma phenotype, is a highly potential candidate gene conferring asthma susceptibility. The purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL17A and asthma in Taiwanese children. Methods:, We selected and performed genotyping on nine SNPs that encompass the genomic region of IL17A in Taiwanese children with or without asthma. A total of 1939 subjects containing 1027 subjects in testing group and 931 subjects in validation group were recruited in this study. Results:, After Bonferroni correction, SNP rs8193036 was found to have a weak association (P = 0.0074 × 9 = 0.066) in genotype frequency test. This association was confirmed by validation group. Logistic regression adjusted allergy comorbidity and gender showed a slightly weaker association. Conclusions:, The results indicated an independent role of IL17A promoter polymorphism rs8193036 in the association with pediatric asthma in Taiwanese population. [source] Population changes in Phytophthora infestans in Taiwan associated with the appearance of resistance to metalaxyl,PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE (FORMERLY: PESTICIDE SCIENCE), Issue 9 2002Kenneth L Deahl Abstract In recent years, late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont) De Bary, has increased in severity in many parts of the world, and this has been associated with migrations which have introduced new, arguably more aggressive, populations of the pathogen. In Taiwan, late blight has been endemic on outdoor tomato crops grown in the highlands since the early 1900s, but recent epidemics have been more damaging. To ascertain the present status of the Taiwanese population of P infestans, 139 isolates of the pathogen collected and maintained by the Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC) were characterized using mating type, metalaxyl sensitivity, allozyme genotype, mitochondrial haplotype and RFLP fingerprinting. Up to 1997, all isolates were found to belong to the old clonal lineage of P infestans (US-1 and variants), but in isolates from 1998 a new genotype appeared, and by 2000 this had apparently completely displaced the old population. This new genotype was an A1 mating type and has the dilocus allozyme genotype 100/100/111, 100/100 for the loci coding for glucose-6-phosphate isomerase and peptidase, respectively. These characters, together with RG57 fingerprinting, indicated that these isolates belonged to the US-11 clonal lineage, a minority (11%) being a previously unreported variant of US-11. Whereas metalaxyl-resistant isolates were not detected in the old population, 96% of the new genotypes proved resistant, with the remainder being intermediate in sensitivity. It may be inferred from this sudden, marked change in the characteristics of the Taiwanese P infestans that a new population of the pathogen was introduced around 1997,98 and that this may well have already been metalaxyl-resistant when it arrived, although a role for in situ selection cannot be excluded. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry [source] Mutation spectrum of the fibrillin-1 (FBN1) gene in Taiwanese patients with Marfan syndromeANNALS OF HUMAN GENETICS, Issue 6 2009Chia-Cheng Hung SUMMARY The aim of this study was to establish a national database of mutations in the fibrillin-1 (FBN1) gene that cause Marfan syndrome (MFS) in the Taiwanese population. In this study, we screened 294 patients from 157 families for the presence of FBN1 mutations using polymerase chain reaction/ denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (PCR/DHPLC). We identified 56 mutations in 62 of the 157 (40%) families including 49 single-base substitutions (36 missense mutations, seven nonsense mutations, and six splicing sites), one small insertion, four small deletions, one small indel (insertion and deletion), and one exonic deletion (Exon 36). When family history was taken into consideration, the mutation detection rate rose to 91% (29 of 32). We further investigated the phenotypic data and found that one third (47 of 157) of the families fit the Ghent criteria for MFS. Based on that data, the mutation rate was 98% (46/47). That finding implies that family history and the Ghent criteria play a more important role than clinical manifestations in establishing a clinical diagnosis of Marfan syndrome. Among the 56 mutations found in this study, 40 (71%) have not been registered in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) or in the Universal Mutation Database (UMD). This is the first study of the mutation spectrum of MFS in a cohort of patients in Taiwan. The database is expected to considerably improve genetic counseling for and medical care of MFS families. [source] HLA,E gene polymorphism associated with susceptibility to kawasaki disease and formation of coronary artery aneurysmsARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 2 2009Y.-J. Lin Objective Kawasaki disease (KD) is a pediatric systemic vasculitis of unknown cause for which a genetic influence is supposed. The purpose of this study was to identify possible genetic variants in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region that are associated with KD and the development of coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) in a Taiwanese population. Methods The 168 genetic variants covering the MHC locus were analyzed in an association study of a Taiwanese cohort of 93 KD patients and 680 unrelated healthy children matched for sex and age with the study patients. Results Eleven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with the occurrence of KD. The SNP located at the 3,-untranslated region of HLA,E (rs2844724) was highly associated (P < 1 × 10,7). In addition, the frequency of the C allele was higher in KD patients without CAAs than in controls (P < 0.001) due to a significantly increased frequency of the CC and CT genotypes. Plasma levels of soluble HLA,E were significantly higher in KD patients than in controls regardless of the presence of CAAs. Furthermore, there was a trend toward higher plasma levels of soluble HLA,E in KD patients with the CT and TT genotypes of the HLA,E gene polymorphism. Conclusion Our results suggest that the HLA,E gene polymorphism may play a role in the pathogenesis of KD. [source] Lack of Evidence of Association of p21WAF1/CIP1 Polymorphism with Lung Cancer Susceptibility and Prognosis in TaiwanCANCER SCIENCE, Issue 1 2000Chuen-Ming Shih An association between the Arg allele of the p21WAF1/CIP1 codon 31 polymorphism and lung cancer has been reported. However, the genotype distribution of the p21 codon 31 polymorphism, as well as the association of this polymorphism with lung cancer risk and prognosis, remain undefined in the Taiwanese population. Therefore, we investigated the genotype distribution of the p21 codon 31 polymorphism in 155 lung cancer patients and 189 non-cancer controls. The genotype frequencies in the Taiwanese non-cancer controls were 0.51 (Ser) and 0.49 (Arg). ,2 analysis indicated significant differences in Taiwanese genotype distribution of p21 from those reported for Swedes (P=0.001), Caucasians (P=0.001), Indians (P=0.001), and African-Americans (P=0.001). However, our data did not demonstrate an association of the Arg allele of the p21 polymorphism with lung cancer risk in Taiwan. Lung cancer patients with Ser/Arg and Arg/Arg genotypes were at a nonsignificant 1.15-fold increased risk of lung cancer when compared to individuals with the Ser/Ser genotype (95%CI, 0.70,1.86). In addition, although p21 is a downstream target of p53, we found no significant correlation of the p21 polymorphism with the p53 polymorphism and p53 gene mutation in lung cancer patients. We further investigated the association of the p21 polymorphism with prognosis in 154 lung cancer patients. Patients with the Ser/Ser genotype tended to have a poorer prognosis than those with the Ser/Arg and Arg/Arg genotypes (P=0.097, by the log rank test). Our data suggest that the p21 codon 31 polymorphism may not play a significant role in cancer susceptibility and the prognosis of lung cancer patients in Taiwan. [source] Different roles of host and bacterial factors in Escherichia coli extra-intestinal infectionsCLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Issue 4 2009M.-C. Wang Abstract Many host and bacterial factors contribute to the development of different Escherichia coli extra-intestinal infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the roles of host and bacterial factors in different extra-intestinal E. coli infections. A total of 221 E. coli isolates collected from urine, bile and peritoneal fluid were included in this retrospective study. Four main phylogenetic groups of E. coli, 14 genetic determinants, static biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance data were assessed, as well as the immunological status of the hosts. Group B2 was the most common phylogenetic group (30%), especially in cases of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU), urinary tract infection (UTI), acute appendicitis/gastrointestinal perforation, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), and was associated with elevated prevalence of papG III, fimH, sfa, iha, hlyA, cnf1, ompT and usp. Phylogenetic group A was most common in the isolates from asymptomatic bacteriocholia, biliary tract infection, and peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis. There was similarity with respect to both phylogenetic groups and virulence factors in strains from faeces and ABU, and in strains from faeces and SBP/PD-related peritonitis. Host characteristics were important in patients with ABU, UTI, and SBP/PD-related peritonitis. Immunocompetence of hosts was associated with a relatively high prevalence of papG II, afa and iha, and relatively low antimicrobial resistance to fluoroquinolones. This study demonstrates that, in most E. coli extra-intestinal infections, phylogenetic group B2 was predominant and was more virulent than the three other phylogenetic groups in the Taiwanese population studied. The diverse patterns of host and bacterial factors demonstrate that there were different host and bacterial factors dominating in different extra-intestinal E. coli infections. [source] | ||||||||||