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System Damage (system + damage)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences66%

Kinds of System Damage

  • nervous system damage
    		•

    Selected Abstracts

    Evaluation of Protein S-100 serum concentrations in healthy newborns and seven newborns with perinatal acidosis

    ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 5 2000
    J Maschmann
    We measured Protein S-100 serum levels in 66 healthy newborns during the first week of life and in 7 newborns with perinatal acidosis. Normal values (n= 66) constantly ranged between 0.66 and 3.33 ug/1 (2.5 and 97.5 percentiles) during the evaluation period. Conclusions: Newborns with signs of hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) after perinatal acidosis showed elevated Protein S-100 serum levels, whereas newborns without these signs had normal concentrations. S-100 might thus be a marker of central nervous system damage in newborns. [source]

    Structural damage detection using the optimal weights of the approximating artificial neural networks

    EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS, Issue 2 2002
    Shih-Lin Hung
    Abstract This work presents a novel neural network-based approach to detect structural damage. The proposed approach comprises two steps. The first step, system identification, involves using neural system identification networks (NSINs) to identify the undamaged and damaged states of a structural system. The partial derivatives of the outputs with respect to the inputs of the NSIN, which identifies the system in a certain undamaged or damaged state, have a negligible variation with different system errors. This loosely defined unique property enables these partial derivatives to quantitatively indicate system damage from the model parameters. The second step, structural damage detection, involves using the neural damage detection network (NDDN) to detect the location and extent of the structural damage. The input to the NDDN is taken as the aforementioned partial derivatives of NSIN, and the output of the NDDN identifies the damage level for each member in the structure. Moreover, SDOF and MDOF examples are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of using the proposed method for damage detection of linear structures. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

    Prevention of nervous system damage in thiamine deficiency

    EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 10 2006
    Matti Hillbom Editor in Chief
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]

    Cell proliferation and death in the brain of active and hibernating frogs

    JOURNAL OF ANATOMY, Issue 2 2009
    Silvia Cerri
    Abstract ,Binomial' cell proliferation and cell death have been studied in only a few non-mammalian vertebrates, such as fish. We thought it of interest to map cell proliferation/apoptosis in the brain of the frog (Rana esculenta L.) as this animal species undergoes, during the annual cycle, physiological events that could be associated with central nervous system damage. Therefore, we compared the active period and the deep underground hibernation of the frog. Using western blot analysis for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), we revealed a positive 36 kDa band in all samples and found higher optical density values in the hibernating frogs than in active frogs. In both active and hibernating frogs, we found regional differences in PCNA-immunoreactive cells and terminal transferase dUTP nick-end labelling apoptotic cells in the ventricular zones and parenchyma areas of the main encephalon subdivisions. During the active period of the frogs, the highest concentration of PCNA-immunoreactive cells was found in the ventricle dorsal zone of the cerebral hemispheres but only some of the cells were apoptotic. By contrast, the tectal and cerebellar ventricular zones had a small or medium amount of PCNA-immunoreactive cells, respectively, and a higher number of apoptotic cells. During hibernation, an increased PCNA-immunoreactive cell number was observed in both the brain ventricles and parenchyma compared with active frogs. This increase was primarily evident in the lateral ventricles, a region known to be a proliferation ,hot spot'. Although differences existed among the brain areas, a general increase of apoptotic cell death was found in hibernating frogs, with the highest number of apoptotic cells being detected in the parenchyma of the cerebral hemispheres and optic tectum. In particular, the increased number of apoptotic cells in the hibernating frogs compared with active frogs in the parenchyma of these brain areas occurred when cell proliferation was higher in the corresponding ventricular zones. We suggest that the high number of dying cells found in the parenchymal regions of hibernating frogs might provide the stimulus for the ventricular zones to proliferate. Hibernating frogs could utilize an increased cell proliferation in the brain areas as a neuroprotective strategy to face cell death and the onset of neurological damages. Therefore, the hibernator promises to be a valuable model for studying the mechanisms naturally carried out by the central nervous system in order to adapt itself or survive adverse conditions. [source]

    Clinicopathological studies of peripheral neuropathy in Churg,Strauss syndrome

    NEUROPATHOLOGY, Issue 4 2002
    Toshiko Nagashima
    Clinicopathological studies were performed on the visceral organs and the sural nerve of a male patient with Churg,Strauss syndrome (CSS) in order to understand the mechanisms of peripheral nervous system damage. A 67-year-old man, with a 2-year history of bronchial asthma, developed acutely painful paraplegia and dyspnea. Laboratory data showed a leukocytosis, an elevated serum creatinine kinase (CK) and marked eosionophilia. Autoantibodies including p- and c-ANCA were negative. Electrophysiological studies revealed a severe sensory-motor neuropathy of multiple mononeuritis type. Steroid pulse therapy performed a day after biopsy of skin, muscle and sural nerve was effective in resolving his respiratory and neurological dysfunction but a perforation of an intestinal ulcer occurred which required surgical intervention. In the biopsied sural nerve and the surgically resected intestine and mesentery there was vasculitis with fibrinoid necrosis accompanied by numerous eosinophils and macrophages containing eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). These findings suggest that in addition to ischemic changes due to vasculitis some neurotoxic substances generated by the eosinophils may be involved in the development of neuropathy in CSS. [source]

    Relationships between ophthalmological and neuropaediatric findings in children adopted from Eastern Europe

    ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2 2010
    Marita Andersson Grönlund
    Abstract. Purpose:, This study aimed to evaluate and relate visual function, ocular dimensions and neuropaediatric findings in adoptees from Eastern Europe. Methods:, We studied 72 of 99 children, born during 1990,95 and adopted from Eastern Europe to western Sweden during 1993,97. The children (mean age 7.5 years, range 4.8,10.5 years; 41 boys, 31 girls) were examined after a mean period of 5 years post-adoption by a multidisciplinary team. Correlations between ophthalmological findings and neuropaediatric data were analysed. Results:, Bivariate and regression analyses indicate a significant positive correlation between visual acuity (VA) and perceptual organization (p < 0.001), as well as between strabismus and verbal comprehension (p < 0.02). Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) was correlated with low VA (p < 0.02), subnormal stereovision (p < 0.009) and small optic discs (p < 0.02). Small head circumference was related to low VA (p < 0.015) and small optic discs (p < 0.03). Furthermore, small optic discs were related to low birthweight (p < 0.005) and preterm birth (p < 0.01). Large optic cups were correlated with poorer perceptual organization (p < 0.02). Conclusions:, In this group of adoptees from Eastern Europe, ophthalmological findings were correlated to neuropaediatric findings, especially those arising from prenatal adverse events resulting in growth deficiency and central nervous system damage. Therefore, it is important and valuable with an ophthalmological examination in children adopted from Eastern Europe. [source]