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Symmetry-related Molecules (symmetry-related + molecule)
Selected AbstractsThe Z isomer of 2,4-diaminofuro[2,3- d]pyrimidine antifolate promotes unusual crystal packing in a human dihydrofolate reductase ternary complexACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F (ELECTRONIC), Issue 8 2009Vivian Cody The crystal structure of the ternary complex of human dihydrofolate reductase (hDHFR) with NADPH and the Z isomer of 2,4-diamino-5-[2-(2,-methoxyphenyl)propenyl]-furo[2,3- d]pyrimidine (Z1) shows that the Z isomer binds in the normal antifolate orientation in which the furo oxygen occupies the 8-amino position observed in the binding of 2,4-diaminopteridine antifolates such as methotrexate and with the methoxyphenyl moiety cis to and coplanar with the furo[2,3- d]pyrimidine ring. The hDHFR ternary complex crystallized in the orthorhombic space group P212121 and its structure was refined to 1.7,Å resolution. Although other hDHFR complexes crystallize in this space group, these data provide only the second example of an unusual packing arrangement in which the conserved active-site Arg70 forms a salt bridge to the side chain of Glu44 from a symmetry-related molecule. As a result, the conformations of Phe31 and Gln35 shift with respect to those observed in the structure of mouse DHFR bound to Z1, which crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21 and shows that Gln35 interacts with Arg70. [source] Novel dimer structure of a membrane-bound protease with a catalytic Ser,Lys dyad and its linkage to stomatinJOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION, Issue 3 2008Hideshi Yokoyama Membrane-bound proteases are involved in various regulatory functions. A previous report indicates that the N-terminal region of PH1510 (1510-N) from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus horikoshii is a serine protease with a catalytic Ser,Lys dyad (Ser97 and Lys138), and specifically cleaves the C-terminal hydrophobic region of the p-stomatin PH1511. According to the crystal structure of the wild-type 1510-N in dimeric form, the active site around Ser97 is in a hydrophobic environment suitable for the hydrophobic substrates. This article reports the crystal structure of the K138A mutant of 1510-N at 2.3,Å resolution. The determined structure contains one molecule per asymmetric unit, but 1510-N is active in dimeric form. Two possible sets of dimer were found from the symmetry-related molecules. One dimer is almost the same as the wild-type 1510-N. Another dimer is probably in an inactive form. The L2 loop, which is disordered in the wild-type structure, is significantly kinked at around A-138 in the K138A mutant. Thus Lys138 probably has an important role on the conformation of L2. [source] Green chemistry synthesis: 2-amino-3-[(E)-(2-pyridyl)methylideneamino]but-2-enedinitrile monohydrate and 5-cyano-2-(2-pyridyl)-1-(2-pyridylmethyl)-1H -imidazole-4-carboxamideACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C, Issue 9 2010Muhammad Altaf The title compounds, C10H9N5O·H2O (L1·H2O) and C16H12N6O (L2), were synthesized by solvent-free aldol condensation at room temperature. L1, prepared by grinding picolinaldehyde with 2,3-diamino-3-isocyanoacrylonitrile in a 1:1 molar ratio, crystallized as a monohydrate. L2 was prepared by grinding picolinaldehyde with 2,3-diamino-3-isocyanoacrylonitrile in a 2:1 molar ratio. By varying the conditions of crystallization it was possible to obtain two polymorphs, viz. L2-I and L2-II; both crystallized in the monoclinic space group P21/c. They differ in the orientation of one pyridine ring with respect to the plane of the imidazole ring. In L2-I, this ring is oriented towards and above the imidazole ring, while in L2-II it is rotated away from and below the imidazole ring. In all three molecules, there is a short intramolecular N,H...N contact inherent to the planarity of the systems. In L1·H2O, this involves an amino H atom and the C=N N atom, while in L2 it involves an amino H atom and an imidazole N atom. In the crystal structure of L1·H2O, there are N,H...O and O,H...O intermolecular hydrogen bonds which link the molecules to form two-dimensional networks which stack along [001]. These networks are further linked via intermolecular N,H...N(cyano) hydrogen bonds to form an extended three-dimensional network. In the crystal structure of L2-I, symmetry-related molecules are linked via N,H...N hydrogen bonds, leading to the formation of dimers centred about inversion centres. These dimers are further linked via N,H...O hydrogen bonds involving the amide group, also centred about inversion centres, to form a one-dimensional arrangement propagating in [100]. In the crystal structure of L2-II, the presence of intermolecular N,H...O hydrogen bonds involving the amide group results in the formation of dimers centred about inversion centres. These are linked via N,H...N hydrogen bonds involving the second amide H atom and the cyano N atom, to form two-dimensional networks in the bc plane. In L2-I and L2-II, C,H..., and ,,, interactions are also present. [source] 5-Hydroxyalkyl derivatives of tert -butyl 2-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H -pyrrole-1-carboxylate: diastereoselectivity of the Mukaiyama crossed-aldol-type reactionACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C, Issue 4 2009Olivier Vallat The title compounds, rac -(1,R,2R)- tert -butyl 2-(1,-hydroxyethyl)-3-(2-nitrophenyl)-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H -pyrrole-1-carboxylate, C17H20N2O6, (I), rac -(1,S,2R)- tert -butyl 2-[1,-hydroxy-3,-(methoxycarbonyl)propyl]-3-(2-nitrophenyl)-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H -pyrrole-1-carboxylate, C20H24N2O8, (II), and rac -(1,S,2R)- tert -butyl 2-(4,-bromo-1,-hydroxybutyl)-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H -pyrrole-1-carboxylate, C13H20BrNO4, (III), are 5-hydroxyalkyl derivatives of tert -butyl 2-oxo-2,5-dihydropyrrole-1-carboxylate. In all three compounds, the tert -butoxycarbonyl (Boc) unit is orientated in the same manner with respect to the mean plane through the 2-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H -pyrrole ring. The hydroxyl substituent at one of the newly created chiral centres, which have relative R,R stereochemistry, is trans with respect to the oxo group of the pyrrole ring in (I), synthesized using acetaldehyde. When a larger aldehyde was used, as in compounds (II) and (III), the hydroxyl substituent was found to be cis with respect to the oxo group of the pyrrole ring. Here, the relative stereochemistry of the newly created chiral centres is R,S. In compound (I), O,H...O hydrogen bonding leads to an interesting hexagonal arrangement of symmetry-related molecules. In (II) and (III), the hydroxyl groups are involved in bifurcated O,H...O hydrogen bonds, and centrosymmetric hydrogen-bonded dimers are formed. The Mukaiyama crossed-aldol-type reaction was successful when using the 2-nitrophenyl-substituted hydroxypyrrole, or the unsubstituted hydroxypyrrole, and boron trifluoride diethyl ether as catalyst. The synthetic procedure leads to a syn configuration of the two newly created chiral centres in all three compounds. [source] | ||||||||||