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Subtropical Island (subtropical + island)
Selected AbstractsSpatial and temporal variations of two cyprinids in a subtropical mountain reserve , a result of habitat disturbanceECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH, Issue 3 2007C.-C. Han Abstract,,, We investigated the variations of population of two cyprinids, Varicorhinus alticorpus and Varicorhinus barbatulus, using long-term survey data (1995,2004) in the subtropical island of Taiwan. Fish abundance data showed that at the mainstem stations, V. barbatulus which used to dominate in the higher altitude had declined significantly, while V. alticorpus that used to occupy only the lower altitude had spread upward. However, at the tributaries, trend of the populations of V. barbatulus were not significantly different over time, while populations of V. alticorpus were absent at higher altitude but began to increase at lower altitude. Environmental parameters revealed that sporadic high turbidity was observed at the mainstem stations, but not at the tributaries. Images taken before and after typhoon also showed habitat destruction by debris flow at the mainstem stations. As some models predicted that suitable fish habitats will shrink because of increasing water temperature due to global warming, we showed that fish distribution may be affected by habitat disturbance due to intensified storms sooner than the actual increase of water temperature. [source] Diversity of drosophilid flies on Kume-jima, a subtropical island: comparison with diversity on Iriomote-jimaENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 1 2008Masanori KONDO Abstract The drosophilid fauna was studied on Kume-jima, a subtropical island located in the central part of the Ryukyu archipelago, and compared with the fauna of Iriomote-jima located near the south-western end of the archipelago. The number of species collected from Kume-jima was 37, much fewer than that recorded from Iriomote-jima (95 species). The number of subtropical species was particularly reduced on Kume-jima, possibly owing either to this island being more distantly located from the sources of subtropical species (e.g. Taiwan) than Iriomote-jima and/or to winter temperature on Kume-jima being a little lower (by approximately 1.5°C). The number of fungus-feeders was also much reduced on Kume-jima, but the number of fruit-feeders was only slightly reduced. On Kume-jima, fungi seem to be less abundant because forests are smaller, resulting in a smaller number of fungus-feeders. Habitat selection and seasonality were analyzed for species collected using "retainer" type traps baited with banana. For species occurring on both islands, habitat selection differed little between the two islands, whereas the seasonality of some species differed markedly between the two islands. [source] Introduction: That most remarkable of outside men , Harold Brookfield's intellectual legacyASIA PACIFIC VIEWPOINT, Issue 2 2005John Connell Abstract:,Harold Brookfield's academic career spans more than half a century, traversing small tropical and subtropical islands and mountainous uplands, focusing on people,environment relations and linking to a diversity of institutions and disciplines. His unwavering commitment to fieldwork at the local level and to comparative study is paralleled by a healthy scepticism with respect to academic trends and orthodoxy of any kind, whether intellectual or physical. It is the farmers of the developing world who are the source of much of his inspiration. His theoretical contributions are based essentially on his observations of their practices and his learning from their experiences. His academic insights into the processes of change in rural areas of Melanesia, East and South-East Asia, Africa and South America, where small-scale ecological studies are linked to global forces, are of lasting significance. [source] Allozyme diversity and history of distribution expansion in the maritime perennial plant Hedyotis strigulosa (Rubiaceae), distributed over the wide latitudes in the Japanese ArchipelagoBIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY, Issue 4 2008MASAYUKI MAKI Allozyme diversity was examined in 30 populations of the maritime perennial plant Hedyotis strigulosa var. parviflora, which is distributed from subtropical islands to the central mainland of Japan. Genetic diversity within populations tended to be larger in southern island populations than in northern mainland populations. In the southern part of the distribution, the population size is generally large and populations are distributed more continuously than in the northern area, resulting in the larger effective size of southern populations as a whole. These factors play a major role in maintaining greater genetic diversity in the southern populations. By contrast, genetic diversity in the northern populations is very low, probably resulting from bottlenecks of population establishments during recolonization from refugial area to the northern areas. Geographically close populations were located near each other in the multidimensional scaling and the phenogram based on genetic distances, suggesting that gene flow among remote populations is rather limited. The pattern of genetic diversity in H. strigulosa var. parviflora is likely caused by the distribution expansion of the species; in the last glacier era, the species was restricted to the southern area; its advance to the northern area is relatively recent. Another variety endemic only to the Daito Islands, H. strigulosa var. luxurians, has lower genetic diversity than H. strigulosa var. parviflora and has genetically diverged from H. strigulosa var. parviflora. © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2008, 93, 679,688. [source] | ||||||||||