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Selected AbstractsOrganic Electro-optic Single- Crystalline Thin Films Grown Directly on Modified Amorphous Substrates,ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 3 2008O-P. Kwon High quality organic electro-optic single crystalline thin films are produced on amorphous C,N-modified glass substrates (see figure), which is a mimic surface of a crystal, by slow evaporation and capillary methods. The films have a suitable size (shaped as rectangular plates with side lengths in the range of 5,10 mm and regular thicknesses in the range of 1,40 ,m) for the fabrication of photonic devices. [source] Constrained total least-squares computations for high-resolution image reconstruction with multisensorsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMAGING SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 1 2002Michael K. Ng Multiple undersampled images of a scene are often obtained by using a charge-coupled device (CCD) detector array of sensors that are shifted relative to each other by subpixel displacements. This geometry of sensors, where each sensor has a subarray of sensing elements of suitable size, has been popular in the task of attaining spatial resolution enhancement from the acquired low-resolution degraded images that comprise the set of observations. With the objective of improving the performance of the signal processing algorithms in the presence of the ubiquitous perturbation errors of displacements around the ideal subpixel locations (because of imperfections in fabrication), in addition to noisy observation, the errors-in-variables or the total least-squares method is used in this paper. A regularized constrained total least-squares (RCTLS) solution to the problem is given, which requires the minimization of a nonconvex and nonlinear cost functional. Simulations indicate that the choice of the regularization parameter influences significantly the quality of the solution. The L-curve method is used to select the theoretically optimum value of the regularization parameter instead of the unsound but expedient trial-and-error approach. The expected superiority of this RCTLS approach over the conventional least-squares theory-based algorithm is substantiated by example. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol 12, 35,42, 2002 [source] Psychosocial Determinants of Work-to-Family Conflict among Knowledge Workers with Boundaryless WorkAPPLIED PSYCHOLOGY: HEALTH AND WELL-BEING, Issue 2 2010Karen Albertsen The aims of the present study were to investigate (1) whether antecedents of work-to-family conflict identified in previous research have similar effects among knowledge workers, whether work environmental factors, particularly relevant for boundaryless work and not explored previously, affect work-to-family conflict in this group, and (2) whether the workplace culture (family friendliness and demands on availability) has a main effect on work-to-family conflict and moderates the effects of the work environmental factors. A sample of 396 Danish knowledge workers selected from a national, representative cohort study was followed up after 12 months. Data were analysed with a multiple GLM procedure with and without adjustment for baseline values. The results identified adjustment behavior toward deadlines as an important precursor for the development of conflicts. Further, a family-friendly workplace culture protected against conflicts and moderated the effect of influence at work. Well-known antecedents, such as quantitative demands and number of work hours, were further confirmed as relevant also in this specific context. It is concluded that a workload of a suitable size, sustainable behavior related to deadlines, and a family-friendly workplace culture could potentially improve the likelihood that employees feel confident that they perform successfully both at work and at home. [source] Extensive cage culture of pejerrey (Odontesthes bonariensis) in a shallow pampean lake in ArgentinaAQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 10 2010Darío César Colautti Abstract Pejerrey is an important zooplanktivorous native fish of the Argentinean inland waters. It has been traditionally propagated for stocking purposes by relatively costly semi-intensive and intensive methods. In this study, we evaluated the implementation of an extensive culture method by using floating cages in a shallow pampean lake. Four cages were installed in the Lacombe Lake and stocked with juveniles (16.24 ± 1.69 mm length) at 50 fish m,3 density for growing until the size of 150 mm, which is considered as a suitable size for stocking. Throughout the experiment, the temperature ranged between 10 and 26 °C and the zooplankton biomass ranged between 12 and 3269 ,g dw L,1. The growth patterns in the length were similar in the four cages and directly related to the lake thermal conditions and zooplankton availability. The average final length after 315 days was 154.4 ± 8.8 mm. The survival rates ranged between 53.5% and 64.7% during the first 110 days and 11.1,25.7% at termination. Growth rate for the first 2 months was the highest documented for pejerrey culture. This simple technique offers the possibility to produce juvenile pejerrey at a low cost and provides the alternative of reinforcing the natural populations with fish already adapted to the natural environmental conditions. [source] Pikeperch Sander lucioperca trapped between niches: foraging performance and prey selection in a piscivore on a planktivore dietJOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY, Issue 4 2008A. Persson The foraging behaviour of planktivorous pikeperch Sander lucioperca during their first growing season was analysed. Field data showed that S. lucioperca feed on extremely rare prey at the end of the summer, suggesting the presence of a bottleneck. In experiments, foraging ability of planktivorous S. lucioperca was determined when fish were feeding on different prey types (Daphnia magna or Chaoborus spp.) and sizes (D. magna of lengths 1 or 2·5 mm) when they occurred alone. From these results, the minimum density requirement of each prey type was analysed. The energy gain for three different foraging strategies was estimated; a specialized diet based on either large D. magna or Chaoborus spp. or a generalist diet combining both prey types. Prey value estimates showed that Chaoborus spp. should be the preferred prey, assuming an energy maximizing principle. In prey choice experiments, S. lucioperca largely followed this principle, including D. magna in the diet only when the density of the Chaoborus spp. was below a threshold value. Splitting the foraging bout into different sequences, however, resulted in a somewhat different pattern. During an initial phase, S. lucioperca captured both prey as encountered and then switched to Chaoborus spp. if prey density was above the threshold level. The prey selection observed was mainly explained by sampling behaviour and incomplete information about environmental quality, whereas satiation only had marginal effects. It was concluded that the observed diet based on rare prey items was in accordance with an optimal foraging strategy and may generate positive growth in the absence of prey fish in suitable sizes. [source] The pH effects on the growth rate of KDP (KH2PO4) crystal by investigating Raman active lattice modesJOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY, Issue 9 2007M. Badrouj Abstract We report on the dependence of the pH value on the growth rates of KDP single crystals. Extensive experimental work has been carried out in order to find the optimum pH ranges for growing KDP single crystals with suitable sizes and high optical quality. Different techniques including micro-Raman back-scattering spectroscopy, UV/vis/IR transmission spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction have been employed for this investigation. Deuterated substituted single crystals of KDP and DKDP also have been grown for the investigation of growth rates and Raman active mode identification purposes. The molecular vibration modes of the grown crystals, including internal modes of PO4 tetrahedrons molecular vibrations, external modes of optical phonons and hydrogen bonding modes have been determined exactly by micro-Raman back-scattering spectroscopy. The best pH values of the solution for the KDP crystal growth with reasonably higher growth rates from aqueous solutions that have been supersaturated ata temperature range of 30,50 °C have been found to be in the pH range of 3.2,5.4. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Least-squares solutions of matrix inverse problem for bi-symmetric matrices with a submatrix constraintNUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS, Issue 5 2007An-ping Liao Abstract An n × n real matrix A = (aij)n × n is called bi-symmetric matrix if A is both symmetric and per-symmetric, that is, aij = aji and aij = an+1,1,n+1,i (i, j = 1, 2,..., n). This paper is mainly concerned with finding the least-squares bi-symmetric solutions of matrix inverse problem AX = B with a submatrix constraint, where X and B are given matrices of suitable sizes. Moreover, in the corresponding solution set, the analytical expression of the optimal approximation solution to a given matrix A* is derived. A direct method for finding the optimal approximation solution is described in detail, and three numerical examples are provided to show the validity of our algorithm. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | ||||||||||