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Strongest Expression (strongest + expression)
Selected AbstractsTemporal and spatial expression profiles of the Fat3 protein, a giant cadherin molecule, during mouse developmentDEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS, Issue 2 2007Shigenori Nagae Abstract Cadherins constitute a superfamily of cell,cell interaction molecules that participate in morphogenetic processes of animal development. Fat cadherins are the largest members of this superfamily, with 34 extracellular cadherin repeats. Classic Fat, identified in Drosophila, is known to regulate cell proliferation and planar cell polarity. Although 4 subtypes of Fat cadherin, Fat1, Fat2, Fat3, and Fat4/Fat-J, have been identified in vertebrates, their protein localization remains largely unknown. Here we describe the mRNA and protein distributions of Fat3 during mouse development. We found that Fat3 expression was restricted to the nervous system. In the brain, Fat3 was expressed in a variety of regions and axon fascicles. However, its strongest expression was observed in the olfactory bulb and retina. Detailed analysis of Fat3 in the developing olfactory bulb revealed that Fat3 mRNA was mainly expressed by mitral cells and that its proteins were densely localized along the dendrites of these cells as well as in their axons to some extent. Fat3 transcripts in the retina were expressed by amacrine and ganglion cells, and its proteins were concentrated in the inner plexiform layer throughout development. Based on these observations, we suggest that Fat3 plays a role in the interactions between neurites derived from specific subsets of neurons during development. Developmental Dynamics 236:534,543, 2007. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Identification of BOIP, a novel cDNA highly expressed during spermatogenesis that encodes a protein interacting with the orange domain of the hairy-related transcription factor HRT1/Hey1 in Xenopus and mouseDEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS, Issue 4 2003Reginald Van Wayenbergh Abstract Hairy-related transcription factor (HRT/Hey) genes encode a novel subfamily of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors related to the Drosophila hairy and Enhancer-of-split (E(spl)) and the mammalian HES proteins that function as downstream mediators of Notch signaling. Using the yeast two-hybrid approach, a previously uncharacterized protein was identified in Xenopus that interacts with XHRT1 (originally referred to as bc8), one member of the HRT/Hey subclass. This protein is evolutionarily conserved in chordates. It binds to sequences adjacent to the bHLH domain of XHRT1 known as the Orange domain and has been named bc8 Orange interacting protein (BOIP). BOIP shows a rather uniform subcellular localization and is recruited to the nucleus upon binding to XHRT1. In Xenopus, XBOIP mRNA is detected by RNase protection analysis throughout embryogenesis. In the adult, the strongest expression is detected in testis. In the mouse, high levels of BOIP mRNA are also found in adult testis. No expression is detected in the embryo and in any of the other adult organs tested. In situ hybridization revealed that BOIP transcripts were detected almost exclusively in round spermatids and that this expression overlaps with that of Hey1 (HRT1), which is expressed throughout spermatogenesis. In view of the importance of the Orange domain for HRT/Hey function, the newly identified BOIP proteins may serve as regulators specifically of HRT1/Hey1 activity. Developmental Dynamics 228:716,725, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Low expression of XIAP-associated factor 1 in human colorectal cancersJOURNAL OF DIGESTIVE DISEASES, Issue 1 2005Tian Le MA OBJECTIVE: Eight cellular homologs of the inhibitors-of-apoptosis proteins (IAP) have been identified in humans and of them, the X-linked IAP (XIAP) is the most potent. XIAP-associated factor 1 (XAF1) is a newly discovered XIAP-binding protein that negatively regulates the caspase-inhibiting activity of XIAP. It is either not expressed or present at extremely low levels in many cancer cell lines. The aims of the present study were: (i) to investigate the expression of XAF1 in human colorectal cancers (CRC) both in vitro and in vivo, and (ii) to evaluate the possibility of XAF1 as a new tumor marker. METHODS: The expression of XAF1 in four human colon cancer cell lines (Colo205, Colo320, SW1116, LoVo) and in samples from 70 patients with CRC was analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. XAF1 concentrations were also detected in the peripheral circulation of the 70 patients, as well as three traditional circulating cancer-associated antigens. RESULTS: A low concentration of XAF1 mRNA was detectable in the three colon cancer cell lines other than Colo205, which showed the strongest expression of XAF1. The expression of XAF1 in tissue was relatively lower in primary CRC compared with a relatively higher level in benign colorectal tumors (P < 0.01). Although the XAF1 expression in circulation of those with CRC was also lower than in those with benign tumors, there was no statistical significance (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggest that the low expression of XAF1 in tumor tissue coincides with a similar level in the peripheral circulation, which contributes at least part to the malignant behavior of CRC. Integrating the XAF1 relative expression value with the other three traditional tumor biomarkers created a four-parameter assay that significantly improved the rate of diagnosis of CRC. [source] Fas/CD95/APO-1 Can Function as a Death Receptor for Neuronal Cells in Vitro and in Vivo and is Upregulated Following Cerebral Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury to the Developing Rat BrainBRAIN PATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2000Ursula Felderhoff-Mueser Fas/CD95/Apo-1 is a cell surface receptor that transduces apoptotic death signals following activation and has been implicated in triggering apoptosis in infected or damaged cells in disease states. Apoptosis is a major mechanism of neuronal loss following hypoxic-ischemic injury to the developing brain, although the role of Fas in this process has not been studied in detail. In the present study, we have investigated the expression and function of Fas in neuronal cells in vitro and in vivo. Fas was found to be expressed in the 14 day old rat brain, with strongest expression in the cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum. Cross-linking of Fas induced neuronal apoptosis both in neuronal PC12 cells in culture and following intracerebral injection in vivo, indicating that neuronal Fas was functional as a death receptor. This death was shown to be caspase dependent in primary neuronal cultures and was blocked by the selective caspase 8 inhibitor IETD. Finally, cerebral hypoxia-ischemia resulted in a strong lateralised upregulation of Fas in the hippocampus, that peaked six to twelve hours after the insult and was greater on the side of injury. These results suggest that Fas may be involved in neuronal apoptosis following hypoxic-ischemic injury to the developing brain. [source] | ||||||||||