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Strong Desire (strong + desire)
Selected AbstractsNeurophysiology of hunger and satietyDEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEW, Issue 2 2008Pauline M. Smith Abstract Hunger is defined as a strong desire or need for food while satiety is the condition of being full or gratified. The maintenance of energy homeostasis requires a balance between energy intake and energy expenditure. The regulation of food intake is a complex behavior. It requires discrete nuclei within the central nervous system (CNS) to detect signals from the periphery regarding metabolic status, process and integrate this information in a coordinated manner and to provide appropriate responses to ensure that the individual does not enter a state of positive or negative energy balance. This review of hunger and satiety will examine the CNS circuitries involved in the control of energy homeostasis as well as signals from the periphery, both hormonal and neural, that convey pertinent information regarding short-term and long-term energy status of the individual. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Dev Disabil Res Rev 2008;14:96,104. [source] Smoking Stage of Change and Interest in an Emergency Department,based InterventionACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 3 2005Edwin D. Boudreaux PhD Abstract Objectives: To examine factors associated with motivation to quit smoking and interest in an emergency department (ED)-based intervention. Methods: Consecutive ED patients 18 years of age and older were interviewed. Severely ill and cognitively disabled patients were excluded. Smoking history, stage of change, self-efficacy, presence of a smoking-related illness, interest in an ED-based smoking intervention, and screening/counseling by the patient's ED provider were assessed. Results: A total of 1,461 of 2,314 patients (64%) were interviewed. A total of 581 (40%) currently smoked, with 21% in precontemplation (no intention to quit), 43% in contemplation (intention to quit but not within the next 30 days), and 36% in preparation (intention to quit within the next 30 days). Approximately 50% indicated a willingness to remain 15 extra minutes in the ED to receive counseling. Only 8% received counseling by their ED provider. A regression analysis showed that greater readiness to change was associated with multiple lifetime quit attempts, presence of a quit attempt in the past 30 days, and higher self-efficacy. Interest in an ED-based intervention was more likely among patients who reported higher self-efficacy. Conclusions: Approximately 50% of smokers reported at least moderate interest in an ED-based intervention and a willingness to stay 15 extra minutes, but only 8% reported receiving counseling during their ED visit. Considering time and resource constraints, counseling/referral may be best suited for patients characterized by a strong desire to quit, multiple previous quit attempts, high self-efficacy, a smoking-related ED visit, and strong interest in ED-based counseling. [source] ,Playing the Game called Writing': Children's Views and VoicesENGLISH IN EDUCATION, Issue 2 2003Teresa Grainger Abstract Teachers' perceptions of their changing practice in the context of the National Literacy Strategy have been well documented in recent years. However, few studies have collected pupils' views or voices. As part of a collaborative research and development project into the teaching and learning of writing, 390 primary pupils' views were collected. A marked difference in attitude to writing and self-esteem as writers was found between Key Stages 1 and 2, as well as a degree of indifference and disengagement from in-school writing for some KS2 writers. A strong desire for choice and greater autonomy as writers was expressed and a preference for narrative emerged. This part of the research project ,We're Writers' has underlined the importance of listening to pupils' views about literacy, in order to create a more open dialogue about language and learning, and to negotiate the content of the curriculum in response to their perspectives. [source] Attachment to "Place" and Coping with Losses in Changed Communities: A Paradox for Aging AdultsFAMILY & CONSUMER SCIENCES RESEARCH JOURNAL, Issue 3 2007Christine C. Cook This article explores the meaning of place and connection to location among aging adults in America's Heartland. Focus groups were conducted in a rural and urban county with participants age 65 to 84 years, and age 85 years and older. A keen sense of place among participants was revealed, poignantly portrayed as "loss" among rural participants who described changes to the landscape, economic restructuring, and the loss of farming as a way of life. Changes in urban settings were depicted as a shrinking of space over which participants' exerted control (e.g., steering clear of freeway driving, limiting driving at night, traversing well-known surface streets). These losses in community are balanced against a strong desire to age in place in familiar settings in which there are known social and resource connections. The investigation illustrates the power of place for aging adults, and the need to recognize its importance in public policy, practice, advocacy, and research. [source] Identity Patterns among Immigrants from the Former Soviet Union in Israel: Assimilation vs.INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, Issue 2 2002Ethnic Formation This paper deals with identity patterns among the 1990s immigrants from the former Soviet Union (FSU) in Israel. It presents the complex set of identity types among immigrants in the context of their cultural and socio-demographic characteristics and their dynamic relationships with the Israeli host society. The findings show that immigrants from the FSU in Israel form a distinct ethnic group within the Israeli social and cultural fabric. This is reflected in their closed social networks, ethnic information sources, strong desire to maintain ethnic-cultural continuity, and the fact that the ethnic component (Jew from the FSU or immigrant from the FSU) is central for self-identification. However, ethnic formation among these immigrants is not a reactive-oriented identity, which is mainly generated by alienation from the host society, it is rather an instrumentalized ethnicity, which is the outcome of ethnic-cultural pride and pragmatic considerations. [source] Primary health care nursing staff in Crete: an emerging profileINTERNATIONAL NURSING REVIEW, Issue 1 2006A. Markaki rn Background:, In 2001, the newly established Regional Health and Welfare System of Crete commissioned the first needs' assessment study of nursing personnel employed in the public sector of primary health care (PHC). Aim:, To capture the profile and professional needs of nursing staff working in Health Centers throughout the island of Crete and explore variations in nursing practice by educational preparation. Methods:, A newly developed, psychometrically tested questionnaire, was administered to all nursing staff in 14 rural Health Centers. Findings:, Vacancy rates are high, indicating a serious staffing deficit. The type of degree earned (2-year vs. 3 or 4-year program) does not differentiate nursing practice, with only two exceptions (obtaining a patient's history and counselling patients). The majority of respondents assess their existing knowledge and skills as ,adequate' while indicating a strong desire for continuing education. Job satisfaction is high in terms of interactions with clients and community recognition, while it is rated ,low' in terms of daily interactions with colleagues and support from work environment. Conclusion:, Cretan nursing staff in PHC operate within a restricted and task-orientated framework. Their educational preparation has little effect in practice role variations and professional needs. The Regional Health and Welfare System of Crete should address daily supervision and support issues, on-the-job training, continuing education needs, while taking immediate action to avoid potential turnover of existing staff and to aggressively recruit young, qualified nursing staff who will choose a career in PHC nursing. [source] Providing direct care nurses research and evidence-based practice information: an essential component of nursing leadershipJOURNAL OF NURSING MANAGEMENT, Issue 1 2010BETH A. STAFFILENO PhD staffileno b.a. & carlson e. (2010) Journal of Nursing Management 18, 84,89 Providing direct care nurses research and evidence-based practice information: an essential component of nursing leadership Aims, This commentary describes the reasons, strategies and benefits of providing direct care nurses with research and evidence-based practice (EBP) education. Background, A component of nursing leadership is to provide nurses opportunities for professional growth and development, yet this can be challenging during a time when resources are constrained and need to be used wisely. Evaluation, Our research and EBP education programmes have been evaluated qualitatively, as well as by the number of research/EBP projects implemented. Key issues, Providing direct care nurses with support and additional education empowers them to seek, critically appraise and integrate research findings into their daily patient care. Conclusions, Direct care nurses, who participated in our programme, demonstrated a strong desire to learn about research and EBP so they could practice using evidence-based care with confidence, thus transitioning from a ,tradition-based' care approach to an evidence-based way of providing care as the standard for nursing practice. Implications for Nursing Management, Providing a dedicated time for additional education sends a clear message that research and EBP are important elements embedded in patient care. The organisation, then, is seen as an environment that emphasizes the value of research and EBP at the unit and organisational level. [source] The effect of psychological motivation on volumes voided during uroflowmetry in healthy aged male volunteersNEUROUROLOGY AND URODYNAMICS, Issue 1 2006Yat-Ching Tong Abstract Aims To study the effect of psychological motivation on the voided volume during uroflowmetry in aged-male volunteers. Methods An open contest of free-flow rate was held for the elderly community. People over 60 years old with no prior history of lower urinary tract symptoms were invited to compete. Participants were given the suggestion to void only when strong desire was experienced because greater the volume, faster the flow. One month later, 20 of the male participants were asked to come back for an office uroflowmetry, given the instruction to hold until strong desire was experienced. The results of the maximum flow rate, mean flow rate, and voided volume were compared between these two tests. Results In the first uroflowmetry, the average voided volume for the 20 participants was 532,±,109 ml; maximum flow rate and average flow rate were 27.1,±,9.4, and 17.2,±,6.4 ml/sec, respectively. The voided volume decreased significantly in the second uroflowmetry (338,±,82 ml, P,<,0.01); the maximum and average flow rates did not changed significantly (24.2,±,9.5 and 14.9,±,6.9 ml/sec, respectively). No participant had a shift of more than one standard deviation between the two tests on the Siroky's flow-rate nomogram. Conclusions With psychological motivation to win the contest, the participants showed greater tolerance to bladder filling. This suggests that the state of mind can affect the perception on bladder sensation. On the other, the performance on emptying function is not significantly improved by motivation. Neurourol. Urdynam. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Goat milk acceptance and promotion methods in Japan: The questionnaire survey to middle class householdsANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL, Issue 2 2009Takeyuki OZAWA ABSTRACT A consumer questionnaire conducted with the purpose of ascertaining the acceptability of goat milk and related products in Japan was carried out on 345 guarantees of Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University in December 2006. 275 effective responses (79%) representing middle class urban households were returned. The results revealed that (1) 30% of respondents have experienced drinking goat milk and only 10% are aware of the current retail situation of goat milk and related products; (2) over 70% of goat milk drinkers raised goats by hand at some point in their past and their first experience drinking goat milk was in infancy; (3) those with experience in drinking goat milk expressed a vague evaluation and minimal understanding of drinking goat milk; (4) respondents who were inexperienced goat milk drinkers expressed a strong desire to taste and a weak desire to purchase goat milk; (5) respondents expressed low recognition regarding retailed goat milk products, but those who had already purchased goat milk products expressed a high evaluation and strong desire to purchase these products again; and (6) recognition of goat milk characteristics is low, but those with high recognition also rate goat milk highly. Goats are perceived as being ,mild and familiar.' It is necessary for those who manage goat husbandry to present goat milk and related product tasting opportunities to consumers. The key point is to make the functional differences between cow and goat milk clear and present the advantages of goat milk at the fore of this promotion. Goat milk should not be promoted merely as a drink that is similar to cow milk, but must be positioned as a functional drink or health food in order to expand the Japanese goat milk market. [source] NARRATIVE ARTIFICE AND WOMEN'S AGENCYBIOETHICS, Issue 2 2005ALINE H. KALBIAN ABSTRACT The choice to pursue fertility treatments is a complex one. In this paper I explore the issues of choice, agency, and gender as they relate to assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs). I argue that narrative approaches to bioethics such as those by Arthur Frank and Hilde Lindemann Nelson clarify judgments about autonomy and fertility medicine. More specifically, I propose two broad narrative categories that help capture the experience of encounters with fertility medicine: narratives of hope and narratives of resistance. This narrative typology captures the inevitable conflict that women feel when they become subjects of fertility medicine. On the one hand, they must remain hopeful; on the other, they must not surrender themselves completely. Nelson's account of counterstories as narratives of resistance helps us see how women can reconcile the experience of a strong desire to have children with the desire to remain authentic and whole. [source] Are conventional pressure-flow measurements dependent upon filled volume?BJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 3 2005Kanagasabai Sahadevan OBJECTIVE To determine, in a prospective study, whether detrusor pressure (pdet.Qmax) and maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) measurements obtained after filling to maximum cystometric capacity (MCC) differ from those obtained with filling restricted to average voided volume (Vvoid), as standard protocols for pressure flow studies (PFS) mandate bladder filling until the subject has a strong desire to void, which aids standardization but further divorces the test from real-life experience. PATIENTS AND METHODS After calculating the appropriate sample size, 84 patients attending for PFS with an adequately completed 3-day frequency-volume chart were recruited. Each underwent two consecutive PFS with filling to MCC and average Vvoid in a random order, and measurements of pdet.Qmax and Qmax were compared. For men, the agreement for a diagnosis of obstruction between the tests was also assessed. RESULTS Complete data were obtained from 76 (90%) of the patients, with a mean (range) age of 64 (20,94) years. The mean (sd) difference between MCC and average Vvoid was 134 (113) mL (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences between estimates of Qmax, at ,,0.1 (3) mL/s (P = 0.75), and of pdet.Qmax, at ,,1 (13) cmH2O (P = 0.91), obtained within each patient. For men there was 91% agreement (32 of 35) in the classification of obstruction. CONCLUSIONS Restriction of filling to the average Vvoid during PFS allows a closer approximation to normal voiding and results in no clinically relevant change to the value of standard pressure-flow measurements or alters individual classification of obstruction. [source] Animal models in urological disease and sexual dysfunctionBRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, Issue S2 2006Gordon McMurray There are several conditions associated with dysfunction of the lower urinary tract or which result in a reduction in the ability to engage in satisfactory sexual function and result in significant bother to sufferers, partners and/or carers. This review describes some of the animal models that may be used to discover safe and effective medicines with which to treat them. While alpha adrenoceptor antagonists and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors deliver improvement in symptom relief in benign prostatic hyperplasia sufferers, the availability of efficacious and well-tolerated medicines to treat incontinence is less well served. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has no approved medical therapy in the United States and overactive bladder (OAB) therapy is limited to treatment with muscarinic antagonists (anti-muscarinics). SUI and OAB are characterised by high prevalence, a growing ageing population and a strong desire from sufferers and physicians for more effective treatment options. High patient numbers with low presentation rates characterizes sexual dysfunction in men and women. The introduction of ViagraÔ in 1998 for treating male erectile dysfunction and the success of the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor class (PDE5 inhibitor) have indicated the willingness of sufferers to seek treatment when an effective alternative to injections and devices is available. The main value of preclinical models in discovering new medicines is to predict clinical outcomes. This translation can be established relatively easily in areas of medicine where there are a large number of drugs with different underlying pharmacological mechanisms in clinical usage. However, apart from, for example, the use of PDE5 inhibitors to treat male erectile dysfunction and the use of anti-muscarinics to treat OAB, this clinical information is limited. Therefore, current confidence in existing preclinical models is based on our understanding of the biochemical, physiological, pathophysiological and psychological mechanisms underlying the conditions in humans and how they are reflected in preclinical models. Confidence in both the models used and the pharmacological data generated is reinforced if different models of related aspects of the same disorder generate confirmatory data. However, these models will only be fully validated in retrospect once the pharmacological agents they have helped identify are tested in humans. British Journal of Pharmacology (2006) 147, S62,S79. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706630 [source] Corporate social responsibility in small-and medium-size enterprises: investigating employee engagement in fair trade companiesBUSINESS ETHICS: A EUROPEAN REVIEW, Issue 2 2010Iain A. Davies Employee buy-in is a key factor in ensuring small- and medium-size enterprise (SME) engagement with corporate social responsibility (CSR). In this exploratory study, we use participant observation and semi-structured interviews to investigate the way in which three fair trade SMEs utilise human resource management (and selection and socialisation in particular) to create employee engagement in a strong triple bottomline philosophy, while simultaneously coping with resource and size constraints. The conclusions suggest that there is a strong desire for, but tradeoff within these companies between selection of individuals who already identify with the triple bottomline philosophy and individuals with experience and capability to deal with mainstream brand management , two critical employee attributes that appear to be rarely found together. The more important the business experience to the organisation, the more effort the organisation must expend in formalising their socialisation programmes to ensure employee engagement. A key method in doing this is increasing employee knowledge of, and affection for, the target beneficiaries of the CSR programme (increased moral intensity). [source] ORIGINAL RESEARCH,INTERSEX AND GENDER IDENTITY DISORDERS: A Passion for Castration: Characterizing Men Who Are Fascinated with Castration, but Have Not Been CastratedTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 7 2008Lesley F. Roberts ABSTRACT Introduction., A number of men have extreme castration ideations. Many only fantasize about castration; others actualize their fantasies. Aims., We wish to identify factors that distinguish those who merely fantasize about being castrated from those who are at the greatest risk of genital mutilation. Methods., Seven hundred thirty-one individuals, who were not castrated, responded to a survey posted on http://www.eunuch.org. We compared the responses of these "wannabes" to those of 92 men who were voluntarily castrated and responded to a companion survey. Main Outcome Measures., Respondents answered the questionnaire items relating to demographics, origin of interest in castration, and ambition toward eunuchdom. Results., Two categories of wannabes emerged. A large proportion (,40%) of wannabes' interest in castration was singularly of a fetishistic nature, and these men appeared to be at a relatively low risk of irreversible genital mutilation. Approximately 20% of the men, however, appeared to be at great risk of genital mutilation. They showed a greater desire to reduce libido, change their genital appearance, transition out of male, and prevent sexually offensive behavior. Nineteen percent of all wannabes have attempted self-castration, yet only 10% have sought medical assistance. Conclusions., We identify several motivating factors for extreme castration ideations and provide a classification for reasons why some males desire orchiectomies. Castration ideations fall under several categories of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Ed. (DSM-IV), most notably a Gender Identity Disorder other than male-to-female (MtF) transsexual (i.e., male-to-eunuch) and a Body Identity Integrity Disorder. Physicians need to be aware of males who have strong desires for emasculation without a traditional MtF transsexual identity. Roberts LF, Brett MA, Johnson TW, and Wassersug RJ. A passion for castration: Characterizing men who are fascinated with castration, but have not been castrated. J Sex Med 2008;5:1669,1680. [source] | |||||||||||||