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Stress Disorder Symptoms (stress + disorder_symptom)
Selected AbstractsNon-somatic effects of patient aggression on nurses: a systematic reviewJOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING, Issue 3 2005Ian Needham MNSc RN NT Aim., This paper describes a systematic review of the predominant non-somatic effects of patient assault on nurses. Background., Patient aggression towards nurses is a longstanding problem in most nursing domains. Although reports on the consequences of physical aggression are more numerous, the non-physical effects create much suffering. Method., A systematic review of literature from 1983 to May 2003 was conducted using the Medline, CINAHL, PsychINFO and PSYINDEX databases. Articles from international journals in English or German and reporting at least three non-somatic responses to patient aggression were included. Findings., The electronic search produced 6616 articles. After application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 25 texts from eight countries and four domains of nursing remained. Twenty-eight main effects were found, and these were categorized using a system suggested by Lanza and including bio-physiological, emotional, cognitive, and social dimensions. The predominant responses were anger, fear or anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, guilt, self-blame, and shame. These main effects occurred across most countries and nursing domains. Conclusion., Despite differing countries, cultures, research designs and settings, nurses' responses to patient aggression are similar. Standardized questionnaires could help improve estimations of the real prevalence of non-somatic effects. Given the suffering caused by non-somatic effects, research should be aimed at preventing patient aggression and at developing better ways to prepare nurses to cope with this problem. [source] Combat experience and the acquired capability for suicide,JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 10 2010Craig J. Bryan Abstract Rising suicide rates are an increasing concern among military personnel. The interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide proposes that three necessary factors are needed to die by suicide: feelings that one does not belong with other people, feelings that one is a burden on others or society, and an acquired capability to overcome the fear and pain associated with suicide. The current study tests the theory's proposal that acquired capability may be particularly influenced by military experience, because combat exposure may cause habituation to fear of painful experiences such as suicide. Utilizing clinical and nonclinical samples of military personnel deployed to Iraq, results of the current study indicate that a greater range of combat experiences predicts acquired capability above and beyond depression and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, previous suicidality, and other common risk factors for suicide. Combat experiences did not, however, predict perceived burdensomeness or thwarted belongingness. The authors discuss how combat experiences might serve as a mechanism for elevating suicide risk and implications for clinical interventions and suicide prevention efforts. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: 66:1,13, 2010. [source] Peritraumatic distress, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and posttraumatic growth in victims of violence,JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS, Issue 4 2010M. J. J. Kunst This study explored whether peritraumatic distress and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are curvilinearly related to posttraumatic growth in victims of violence several years after victimization (Time 1; n = 678) and 6 months later (Time 2, n = 205). At both time points, curve estimation revealed linear and quadratic associations between peritraumatic distress and posttraumatic growth and quadratic associations between PTSD symptoms and posttraumatic growth. In multivariate regressions controlling for background variables, the linear peritraumatic distress and quadratic PTSD symptom terms remained significant predictors of posttraumatic growth Time 1 scores. For Time 2, the linear peritraumatic distress term remained significant, though only prior to controlling for posttraumatic growth Time 1 scores. The results suggest that peritraumatic distress enables growth after substantial time has elapsed since victimization. [source] Posttraumatic stress symptoms, coping, and physical health status among university students seeking health careJOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS, Issue 6 2005Casey Lawler This study examined posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, coping, and physical health status in students reporting a trauma history (N = 138) using structural equation modeling. Participants completed questionnaires assessing PTSD symptoms, coping specific to health-related and trauma-related stressors and physical health. After accounting for coping with health-specific problems, trauma-specific avoidance coping was uniquely associated with poorer health status. Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms were associated with poorer physical health status, controlling for age, health behaviors, and other psychopathology. In addition, the effect of PTSD symptoms on poorer health status was mediated by health- and trauma-specific avoidance coping. Results suggest that university health centers should screen for PTSD and consider psychoeducational programs and coping skills interventions for survivors of trauma. [source] Assessing the Effects of Maternal Symptoms and Homelessness on the Mental Health Problems in their ChildrenCHILD AND ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH, Issue 4 2009Ilan Harpaz-Rotem Objective:, This study examines the longitudinal association between measures of child well being and maternal posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, homelessness, substance abuse, and other psychiatric conditions. Method:, A sample of 142 mothers who were veterans of the US armed forces were assessed at program entry and every three months thereafter for one year. A repeated-measures with mixed-effects analytic strategy was used to assess the association of children's mental health, school enrolment and attendance with measures of maternal psychiatric symptoms and homelessness. Results:, Significant associations between mothers' psychiatric symptoms and child well-being were identified. However, the multivariable mixed-models suggest that increased depression and anxiety symptoms among children were associated primarily with mothers' PTSD, and not depression, symptoms. Conclusions:, These findings provide evidence of an association between maternal and child mental health and may suggest that treating maternal PTSD symptoms may also benefit children, regardless of whether the child was also exposed to the traumatic experience. [source] | ||||||||||