Home  About us  Contact
 

Stereotactic Biopsy (stereotactic + biopsy)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Stereotactic-Guided Excisional Biopsy: A New Technique for Very Thin Breasts

THE BREAST JOURNAL, Issue 6 2006
Maria L. Diaz MD
Abstract:, Stereotactic biopsies are widely used for the diagnosis of breast lesions. Most biopsy devices require breast thickness of at least 25,30 mm with compression. We describe an alternative technique in order to perform excisional stereotactic-guided biopsies for very thin breasts using the prone stereotactic table. In the outpatient setting and with local anesthesia, this procedure can be performed by a radiologist, a surgeon, and a nurse. After conventional stereotactic localization, a fine needle is placed at the site of the lesion. Once the point is marked with a skin marker, a 25G × 16 mm needle is introduced. Then, a couple of stereotactic views are taken to confirm the correct position of the needle. Later, the surgeon excises the lesion guided by the needle. Additional radiographs of the specimen and the remaining breast tissue are obtained to ensure the accuracy of the procedure. [source]

Stereotactic biopsy and cytological diagnosis of solid and cystic intracranial lesions

CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 3 2003
L. M. Collaço
Cytological smears from 115 consecutive cases of stereotactic biopsies of intracranial lesions were reviewed. Ninety-five lesions were solid and 20 cystic. Material from 90 solid and 13 cystic lesions was sent both for cytological and histological examination. In 66 of the solid lesions, the cytological diagnosis was confirmed by histology (five were benign lesions and 61 malignant tumours: 56 primary brain tumours, three metastases and two lymphomas). In 24 cases with discrepant cytology and histology, the histology was inconclusive or insufficient in 14 cases, while cytology established the diagnosis of astrocytoma grade II (seven cases), metastases (two cases), gliosis (one case) and benign (four cases). Necrosis of tumour type was observed cytologically in six patients representing glioblastoma (two cases), anaplastic astrocytoma (one case), lymphoma (one case) and normal brain (two cases) histologically. Three cases reported cytologically as benign were primary brain tumour (two cases) and gliosis (one case). One smear of a glioblastoma was insufficient for cytological diagnosis. Cystic lesions were cytologically benign in 17 cases and malignant in three cases. Histology from the cyst wall confirmed the malignant diagnosis in three cases and showed tumour in six more cases, a benign process (two cases), changes induced by radiotherapy for arteriovenous malformation (one case) and insufficient material (one case). In conclusion, cytology from solid brain lesion allows an accurate diagnosis and subtyping of tumours in a majority of cases, and can thus be used to choose type of therapy. In cystic brain tumours, however, examination of the cystic fluid, is often inconclusive and a biopsy from the cyst wall should be performed if there is clinical or radiological suspicion of tumour. [source]

Disseminated necrotizing leukoencephalopathy following low-dose oral methotrexate

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 3 2007
S. Raghavendra
Leukoencephalopathy is a recognized complication with intrathecal or intravenous methotrexate (MTX). We report a 59-year-old lady who developed MTX leukoencephalopathy with long-term low-dose oral MTX. She developed posterior leukoencephalopathy (PLE) that initially was reversible on discontinuation of oral MTX. Four months later, she developed disseminated necrotizing leukoencephalopathy (DNL), and was left with devastating neurological deficits. The sequential conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), MR perfusion (MRP) and MR spectroscopic (MRS) changes are highlighted in this report. MRP and MRS showed more wide spread abnormalities than DWI. Stereotactic biopsy from the lesion revealed demyelination with macrophagic infiltration, pericapillary lymphomononucear aggregation, fibrinoid changes in the capillaries and neovascularization. Of the two cases of PLE with oral MTX reported in literature, one reversed clinically and radiologically with the discontinuation of MTX. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of DNL following oral MTX in the world literature. [source]

Primary CNS angiitis presenting as short-term memory loss: a case report and literature review

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RHEUMATIC DISEASES, Issue 3 2008
Bradley DUHON
Abstract Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is an idiopathic vasculitis of the small to medium vessels that often eludes diagnosis because of its variable signs and symptoms. A 36-year-old woman presented with a 4-week history of progressive memory loss. Neurological examination revealed only severe cognitive deficits including anterograde amnesia. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated multiple ring-enhancing lesions involving the left frontal lobe and uncus and bilateral thalami. Stereotactic biopsy showed findings consistent with CNS angiitis. Further workup revealed no evidence of systemic disease. We report the first case of biopsy-proven PACNS presenting as profound isolated anterograde amnesia. [source]

Stereotactic biopsy and cytological diagnosis of solid and cystic intracranial lesions

CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 3 2003
L. M. Collaço
Cytological smears from 115 consecutive cases of stereotactic biopsies of intracranial lesions were reviewed. Ninety-five lesions were solid and 20 cystic. Material from 90 solid and 13 cystic lesions was sent both for cytological and histological examination. In 66 of the solid lesions, the cytological diagnosis was confirmed by histology (five were benign lesions and 61 malignant tumours: 56 primary brain tumours, three metastases and two lymphomas). In 24 cases with discrepant cytology and histology, the histology was inconclusive or insufficient in 14 cases, while cytology established the diagnosis of astrocytoma grade II (seven cases), metastases (two cases), gliosis (one case) and benign (four cases). Necrosis of tumour type was observed cytologically in six patients representing glioblastoma (two cases), anaplastic astrocytoma (one case), lymphoma (one case) and normal brain (two cases) histologically. Three cases reported cytologically as benign were primary brain tumour (two cases) and gliosis (one case). One smear of a glioblastoma was insufficient for cytological diagnosis. Cystic lesions were cytologically benign in 17 cases and malignant in three cases. Histology from the cyst wall confirmed the malignant diagnosis in three cases and showed tumour in six more cases, a benign process (two cases), changes induced by radiotherapy for arteriovenous malformation (one case) and insufficient material (one case). In conclusion, cytology from solid brain lesion allows an accurate diagnosis and subtyping of tumours in a majority of cases, and can thus be used to choose type of therapy. In cystic brain tumours, however, examination of the cystic fluid, is often inconclusive and a biopsy from the cyst wall should be performed if there is clinical or radiological suspicion of tumour. [source]

Histologic Heterogeneity of Masses at Percutaneous Breast Biopsy

THE BREAST JOURNAL, Issue 4 2002
Elizabeth A. Morris MD
The purpose of this study was to determine whether different histologic findings are obtained from different areas of breast masses seen on mammography when targeted on stereotactic breast biopsy. Twenty-one masses (mean size, 1.8 cm; range, 0.7,5.5 cm) underwent stereotactic biopsy using a 14-gauge directional vacuum-assisted biopsy probe (Mammotome, Biopsys/Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Cincinnati, OH). The central and peripheral areas of the mass were targeted and biopsied separately, and histologic findings from the targeted center and periphery were compared. Six of 21 masses (29%) were heterogeneous, yielding different histologic results from the targeted center and periphery. In 4 heterogeneous masses, which constituted 4 of 21 masses (19%) in this study, surgical biopsy was recommended on the basis of findings obtained from only the center (n = 2) or the periphery (n = 2). Stereotactic biopsy findings in these 4 masses were atypia in 3 and radial scar in 1; none of these 4 masses had carcinoma at surgery. In all 4 masses that proved to be malignant, the diagnosis of carcinoma was made in specimens obtained from both the targeted center and the periphery of the mass. Breast masses can be heterogeneous, yielding different histologic findings from different areas of the mass. Our data suggest that sampling part but not all of a mass may miss certain histologic components of the mass, but should not result in a failure to diagnose carcinoma. [source]

Creutzfeldt,Jakob disease with PRNP G114V mutation in a Chinese family

ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 6 2010
Z. Liu
Liu Z, Jia L, Piao Y, Lu D, Wang F, Lv H, Lu Y, Jia J. Creutzfeldt,Jakob disease with PRNP G114V mutation in a Chinese family. Acta Neurol Scand: 2010: 121: 377,383. © 2009 The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Munksgaard. Background,,, Recent evidence has shown clinical phenotypic heterogeneity of inherited prion diseases, even between patients harbouring the same mutation in the PRNP gene. Objective and methods,,, We collected clinical data from a Chinese family with autosomal dominant dementia and screened the PRNP gene on 28 living members. A stereotactic biopsy of the right frontal lobe of the proband was performed. Results,,, The family comprised four affected individuals within two successive generations. The age of onset was in 30 or 40 s, and the duration was about 2,3 years. Clinical features of the affected members included neuropsychiatric disturbances, progressive dementia and extrapyramidal symptoms. Immunostaining for prion protein showed fine granular deposits of PrPsc in the neuropil. The PRNP gene analysis demonstrated a heterozygous G114V mutation in 15 family members. The proband was diagnosed as familial Creutzfeldt,Jakob disease (fCJD). Conclusion,,, This study strengthens the linkage of the G114V mutation to CJD. It supports the worldwide distribution of fCJD despite differences in genetic background. [source]