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Staining Properties (staining + property)
Selected AbstractsGreen tea extract reduces induction of p53 and apoptosis in UVB-irradiated human skin independent of transcriptional controlsEXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2009Christian D. Mnich Abstract:, Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation plays a pivotal role in human skin carcinongenesis. Preclinically, systemically and topically applied green tea extract (GTE) has shown reduction of UV-induced (i) erythema, (ii) DNA damage, (iii) formation of radical oxygen species and (iv) downregulation of numerous factors related to apoptosis, inflammation, differentiation and carcinogenesis. In humans, topical GTE has so far only been tested in limited studies, with usually very high GTE concentrations and over short periods of time. Both chemical stability of GTE and staining properties of highly concentrated green tea polyphenols limit the usability of highly concentrated green tea extracts in cosmetic products. The present study tested the utility of stabilized low-dose GTE as photochemopreventive agents under everyday conditions. We irradiated with up to 100 mJ/cm2 of UVB light skin patches which were pretreated with either OM24® -containing lotion or a placebo lotion. Biopsies were taken from both irradiated and un-irradiated skin for both immunohistochemistry and DNA microarray analysis. We found that while OM24® treatment did not significantly affect UV-induced erythema and thymidine dimer formation, OM24® treatment significantly reduced UV-induced p53 expression in keratinocytes. We also found that OM24® treatment significantly reduced the number of apoptotic keratinocytes (sunburn cells and TUNEL-positive cells). Carefully controlled DNA microarray analyses showed that OM24® treatment does not induce off-target changes in gene expression, reducing the likelihood of unwanted side-effects. Topical GTE (OM24®) reduces UVB-mediated epithelial damage already at low, cosmetically usable concentrations, without tachyphylaxis over 5 weeks, suggesting GTE as suitable everyday photochemopreventive agents. [source] Tinctorial Properties of Zygomycosis in Cutaneous Biopsy SpecimensJOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2005A. Rubin It is a little known fact that the organisms causing Zygomycosis are often better visualized with routine Hematoxylin and Eosin (H and E) staining than Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining. Experienced dermatopathologists, when evaluating histologic samples suspected of harboring deep fungal infection often rely more heavily on PAS staining to detect fungi. The diagnosis of Zygomycosis may be delayed or missed entirely if sufficient attention is not devoted to the H and E stained specimen. A review of multiple dermatopathology textbooks shows there is no universal agreement on the usefulness of routine H and E staining versus use of special stains for the detection of Zygomycosis. Grocott's Methanamine Silver (GMS) staining can give false negative results if background staining of reticulum fibers is enhanced. This can occur because of overexposure in silver solution, excessive heat during processing, or use of incorrectly titrated solutions. Three consecutive culture proven cases of cutaneous Zygomycosis infection were evaluated. In each case, organisms were clearly visualized on routine H and E sections while PAS staining was variable. Examples of false negative GMS staining are also shown. Recognition of these staining properties can help dermatopathologists better detect the agents of Zygomycosis. [source] Deposition of Cytokinesis-Related Callose in Riella helicophylla and Arabidopsis thaliana.PLANT BIOLOGY, Issue 4 2001Effects of Photolytically Altered Nifedipine Abstract: The cytokinesis-related callose deposition in cell plates and juvenile cross walls of meristematic cells was investigated in the liverwort Riella helicophylla and seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana. The ,-1,3-glucan callose was detected by its specific staining properties with sirofluor and aniline blue by fluorescence microscopy. The photo-labile calcium antagonist nifedipine (NIF) exerted a specific promotive effect when the substance was exposed to light. The nitroso derivative of photolysed NIF was found to be the active compound which was responsible for the enhancement in callose deposition. The nitroso derivative was isolated after photolysis of NIF by UV light (365 nm) and its structure was verified with 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy. The characteristic absorption maximum at 770 nm in dimethyl sulfoxide was employed to determine the concentration of the nitrosopyridine in solutions by use of the molar absorption coefficient of the isolated substance. In addition, the nitro derivative of nifedipine was prepared. This nitropyridine was ineffective with respect to the stimulation of callose deposition in dividing cells. The possible mechanism of this cytotoxic effect and its implications for symplastic growth in meristems is discussed. [source] Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus inclusion bodies: structural, compositional and staining propertiesANNALS OF APPLIED BIOLOGY, Issue 2 2003L J LITTLEFIELD Summary Anatomy and cytochemistry of inclusion bodies induced by Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus infection were studied in roots and leaves to learn more about the nature of inclusions and their roles in pathogenesis. Acid Fuchsin, Giemsa stain, Toluidine Blue and Trypan Blue stains facilitated visualization of inclusion bodies. Combined, simultaneous staining with Acid Fuchsin and Toluidine Blue clearly differentiated inclusion bodies from host nuclei. The overall anatomy, composition and structure of virus inclusions in leaves and roots were generally similar, as shown by phase contrast, differential interference contrast, epifluorescence, laser scanning confocal and transmission electron microscopy. Both were often closely associated with host nuclei; both were comprised of intertwined masses of tubular material, presumably endoplasmic reticulum, and in which varied numbers and sizes of vacuolar cavities occurred. Leaf inclusions, however, were typically larger and more vacuolate than those in roots. Lipids were found to be significant constituents of both the tubular and vacuolar components of inclusions, indicated by positive staining with Nile Red and Sudan Black. Inclusion bodies in both leaves and roots lost their structural and compositional integrity, eventually becoming disorganized and devoid of clearly identifiable components as host tissue aged and symptom expression advanced. Significant results of this study include the first published examination of virus inclusion bodies in root tissue, the degree of structural detail of inclusion body anatomy revealed by laser scanning confocal microscopy and the presence of an extensive lipid component in virus inclusion bodies. [source] Anatomical and functional outcome in brilliant blue G assisted chromovitrectomyACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 5 2010Paul B. Henrich Abstract. Purpose:, To evaluate the potential of brilliant blue G (BBG) for intraoperative staining of the inner limiting membrane (ILM) with respect to staining properties and surgical outcome. Methods:, In a retrospective, non-comparative clinical case series, we analysed 17 consecutive chromovitrectomy interventions for surgery of macular holes, ERMs, vitreoretinal traction syndromes and cystoid macular oedema. Following complete posterior vitreous detachment, BBG was injected into the vitreous cavity at a concentration of 0.25 mg/ml, followed by immediate washout. Main outcome measures were staining properties, visual acuity, central visual field testing and optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements over a mean follow-up period of 3 months. Results:, ILM staining was somewhat less intensive for BBG than for average indocyanine green (ICG) chromovitrectomy. However, the ILM was removed successfully without additional ICG in 15/17 patients. Postoperative visual acuity was improved in 16/17 patients and remained unchanged in one patient. Central retinal OCT thickness showed a postoperative reduction, with values ranging from +7 to ,295 ,m (median ,89 ,m). Neither visual field defects nor any other adverse events were recorded. Conclusion:, BBG permits sufficient staining for safe ILM removal. In this short-term study, good anatomical and functional results were achieved and no adverse events were observed. [source] | |||||||||||||