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Structural Relations (structural + relation)
Selected AbstractsHow to do the History of Heterosexuality: Shakespeare and LacanLITERATURE COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 4 2010Will Stockton This essay argues against two presumptions: first, that the psychoanalytic approach to sexuality is ahistorical; and second, that critics cannot speak of heterosexuality before its 19th-century invention. Looking to Lacanian psychoanalysis, and particularly to Lacan's theory of sexuation (or sexual difference), this essay develops a queer history of heterosexuality premised on the idea that ,heterosexuality' is simply the latest way of describing a structural relation between the sexes. Lacan calls this structure ,the sexual relation', and describes it as a fantasy that man and woman are two halves of the same whole. At the same time, he insists that ,the sexual relation does not exist': that neither sex can actually make the other whole. Lacan's own reading of Shakespeare's Hamlet, focused in part on Hamlet's antagonism toward Ophelia following the prince's discovery of his father's ,castration', offers an example of how to queer heterosexuality in pre-19th-century texts. My reading of Measure for Measure offers a second example, one that likewise evokes Freud's mytho-historical account of the murder of the primordial father and the subsequent creation of a disinterested ,law' in the father's name (Lacan's Name of the Father). This essay concludes by suggesting that the fantasy of the sexual relation falters in both plays on the ,obscene' revelation of the law's/the Father's sinfulness. [source] Bi5O7Br and its structural relation to ,-Bi5O7IACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C, Issue 12 2007E. Keller Pentabismuth heptoxide bromide, Bi5O7Br, crystallizes in the space group Cmca. Its structure is compared with the closely related Ibca structure of ,-Bi5O7I. The change in the space group is assumedly the result of a compromise between the different spatial needs of Br and I and the rigidity of the {3,}[Bi, O] frameworks into which they are embedded. A detailed procedure for the synthesis of Bi5O7Br is given. [source] New syndrome of hypotrichosis, striate palmoplantar keratoderma, acro-osteolysis and periodontitis not due to mutations in cathepsin CBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2002M.A.M. Van Steensel Summary We report a mother and daughter with a syndrome of hypotrichosis, striate palmoplantar keratoderma, onychogryphosis, periodontitis, acro-osteolysis and psoriasis-like skin lesions. The syndrome resembles Papillon,Lefèvre syndrome (PLS), characterized by palmoplantar keratoderma, periodontitis and psoriasis-like skin lesions, and particularly Haim,Munk syndrome, an allelic variant of PLS with acro-osteolysis. Both are caused by mutations in the cathepsin C gene (CTSC). Our patients differ in the unique nature of the palmar keratoderma and hypotrichosis. We have sequenced CTSC in the mother without finding mutations in either coding or non-coding parts of the gene. We propose that our patients suffer from a new syndrome possibly caused by mutations in a gene that has a functional or structural relation with CTSC. [source] A STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING OF ALCOHOL USE AMONG YOUNG ADULTS IN THE U.S. MILITARY: COMPLEXITIES AMONG STRESS, DRINKING MOTIVES, IMPULSIVITIY, ALCOHOL USE AND JOB PERFORMANCEALCOHOLISM, Issue 2008Sunju Sohn Aims:, Young male adults in the U. S. military drink at much higher rates than civilians and females of the same age. Drinking has been shown to be associated with stress and individuals' ability to effectively cope with stressors. Despite numerous studies conducted on young adults' drinking behaviors such as college drinking, current literature is limited in fully understanding alcohol use patterns of the young military population. The aim of the present study was to develop and test the hypothesized Structural Equation Model (SEM) of alcohol use to determine if stress coping styles moderate the relationship between stress, drinking motives, impulsivity, alcohol consumption and job performance. Methods:, Structural equation models for multiple group comparisons were estimated based on a sample of 1,715 young (aged 18 to 25) male military personnel using the 2005 Department of Defense Survey of Health Related Behaviors among Military Personnel. Coping style was used as the grouping factor in the multi-group analysis and this variable was developed through numerous steps to reflect positive and negative behaviors of coping. The equivalences of the structural relations between the study variables were then compared across two groups at a time, controlling for installation region, race/ethnicity, marital status, education, and pay grade, resulting in two model comparisons with four coping groups. If the structural weight showed differences across groups, each parameter was constrained and tested one at a time to see where the models are different. Results:, The results showed that the hypothesized model applies across all groups. The structural weights revealed that a moderation effect exists between a group whose tendency is to mostly use positive coping strategies and a group whose tendency is to mostly use negative coping strategies (,,2(39)= 65.116, p<.05). More specifically, the models were different (with and without Bonferroni Type I error correction) in the paths between "motive and alcohol use" and "alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences (job performance)." Conclusions:, It seems plausible that coping style significantly factors into moderating alcohol use among young male military personnel who reportedly drink more excessively than civilians of the same age. The results indicate that it may be particularly important for the military to assess different stress coping styles ofyoung male military personnel so as to limit excessive drinking as well as to promote individual wellness and improve job performance. [source] Knowledge Combination and Knowledge Creation in a Foreign-Market NetworkJOURNAL OF SMALL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, Issue 2 2009Daniel Tolstoy This article rests on the idea that knowledge is dispersed among different individuals and entities. For international entrepreneurial firms to create new knowledge, they need to find ways to combine these dispersed bits of knowledge. Because of the notion that resource constraints make international entrepreneurial firms dependent on external knowledge, it is assumed that a portion of knowledge combination takes place in networks. The purpose of this article was to investigate the prospective impact network knowledge and knowledge combinations have on entrepreneurial firms' knowledge creation. Three hypotheses are developed and tested in a structural equation model, using linear structural relations (LISREL, Scientific Software International, Inc.). [source] Inference of object-oriented design patternsJOURNAL OF SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE AND EVOLUTION: RESEARCH AND PRACTICE, Issue 5 2001Paolo Tonella Abstract When designing a new application, experienced software engineers usually adopt solutions that have proven successful in previous projects. Such reuse of code organizations is seldom made explicit. Nevertheless, it represents important information, which can be extremely valuable in the maintenance phase by documenting the design choices underlying the implementation. In addition it can be reused whenever a similar problem is encountered. In this paper an approach for the inference of recurrent design patterns directly from the code is proposed. No assumption is made on the availability of any pattern library, and the concept analysis algorithm,adapted for this purpose,is able to infer the presence of class groups which instantiate a common, repeated pattern. In fact, concept analysis provides sets of objects sharing attributes, which,in the case of object-oriented design patterns,become class members or inter-class relations. The approach was applied to three C++ applications for which the structural relations among classes led to the extraction of a set of design patterns, which could be enriched with non-structural information about class members and method invocations. The resulting patterns could be interpreted as meaningful organizations aimed at solving general problems which have several instances in the applications analyzed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Introduction to a general crystallographyACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION A, Issue 4 2001A. Janner The definition of an extended crystallographic group is given, based on an -dimensional Euclidean space, carrier of a faithful integral representation of a permutation group of atomic positions. The Euclidean crystallography of normal crystals and the higher-dimensional one applied to incommensurately modulated crystals, intergrowth crystals and quasicrystals are special cases of a general crystallography. The same is true for the multimetrical crystallographic characterization of ice and of snow crystals. This approach can also be applied to single molecules, leading to what may be denoted as molecular crystallography. It possibly allows non-trivial structural relations between atomic positions belonging to the asymmetric unit of the molecular point group to be obtained. Two simple molecules, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, are treated as illustrative examples. [source] Capabilities and limitations of a (3,+,d)-dimensional incommensurately modulated structure as a model for the derivation of an extended family of compounds: example of the scheelite-like structuresACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, Issue 1 2008Alla Arakcheeva The previously reported incommensurately modulated scheelite-like structure KNd(MoO4)2 has been exploited as a natural (3,+,1)-dimensional superspace model to generate the scheelite-like three-dimensional structure family. Although each member differs in its space-group symmetry, unit-cell parameters and compositions, in (3,+,1)-dimensional space, they share a common superspace group, a common number of building units in the basic unit cell occupying Wyckoff sites with specific coordinates (x, y, z) and specific basic unit-cell axial ratios (c/a, a/b, b/c) and angles. Variations of the modulation vector q, occupation functions and t0 are exploited for the derivation. Eight topologically and compositionally different known structures are compared with their models derived from the KNd(MoO4)2 structure in order to evaluate the capabilities and limitations of the incommensurately modulated structure to act as a superspace generating model. Applications of the KNd(MoO4)2 structure as a starting model for the refinement and prediction of some other modulated members of the family is also illustrated. The (3,+,1)-dimensional presentation of the scheelite-like structures reveals new structural relations, which remain hidden if only conventional three-dimensional structure descriptions are applied. [source] The architecture of the GroEL,GroES,(ADP)7 chaperonin complex.ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D, Issue 5 2003The heptagrammal forms derived in part I [Janner (2003a). Acta Cryst. D59, 783,794] enclose chain segments of symmetry-related monomers in the GroEL,GroES,(ADP)7 chaperonin complex. A chain reaching the boundary of a given form either ends, proceeds to a neighbouring form or has to fold. C, atoms corresponding to these folding points are identified in each of the nine forms of the chaperonin and are approximated by ideal positions having integral coordinates (the indices) with respect to a symmetry-adapted basis. Mutual structural relations between the indexed positions are derived in terms of integral scale-rotations (similar to those that leave the form invariant). The magnesium ions at the binding sites of the nucleotides ADP and ATP are shown to be symmetry-related to these folding points. The change in folding (polymorphism) observed in the cis ring of GroEL arising from binding to GroES is discussed. In particular, the form segmentation is conserved in the polymorphic transition. The geometric and algebraic restrictions imposed on the indexed positions and on their structural relations by the integrality condition are presented in an appendix. [source] Metastability of Corundum-Type In2O3CHEMISTRY - A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, Issue 11 2008Aleksander Gurlo Dr. Abstract The description of structural relations between bixbyite- and corundum-type structures is of particular interest because of the common occurrence of both structures. One of the representative examples of the bixbyite to corundum transition is the high-pressure high-temperature synthesis of the corundum-type indium oxide. The wet chemistry synthesis and stabilisation of the corundum-type In2O3 under ambient pressure conditions calls for a re-interpretation of the InO phase diagram as well as for the clarification of the phase transitions in In2O3. One of the questions to be clarified is the stability of the corundum-type In2O3. In the present work we studied the stability of the corundum-type In2O3 both theoretically (by density-functional calculations) and experimentally. The synthesis of the corundum-type In2O3 was performed by the modified non-alkoxide sol,gel method based on the ammonia-induced hydrolysis of indium nitrate in methanol. The corundum-type In2O3 was subjected to thermal analysis (STA) as well as to structural studies, that is, it was examined using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) including in situ XRPD characterisation upon thermal treatment. For the first time we have undoubtedly demonstrated, both theoretically and experimentally, the metastability of the corundum-type In2O3 polymorph. The In2O3 polymorph appears to be metastable throughout the entire enthalpy,pressure phase diagram. Upon heating, corundum-type In2O3 transforms irreversibly into cubic bixbyite-type In2O3 as shown by STA as well as in situ heating XRPD experiments. Computations indicate the existence of another high-pressure modification of In2O3 with orthorhombic structure, iso-typic to Rh2O3 -II. We predict this new phase to form at pressures exceeding 15,GPa from both the cubic bixbyite-type and the corundum-type modification of In2O3. [source] | |||||||||||||