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Structural Character (structural + character)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Life Sciences	33%
Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	33%

Selected Abstracts

In situ hydraulic tests in the active fault survey tunnel, Kamioka Mine, excavated through the active Mozumi-Sukenobu Fault zone and their hydrogeological significance

ISLAND ARC, Issue 4 2006
Tsuyoshi Nohara
Abstract The spatial hydrogeological and structural character of the active Mozumi-Sukenobu Fault (MSF) was investigated along a survey tunnel excavated through the MSF in the Kamioka Mine, central Japan. Major groundwater conduits on both sides of the MSF are recognized. One is considered to be a subvertical conduit between the tunnel and the surface, and the other is estimated to be a major reservoir of old meteoric water alongside the MSF. Our studies indicate that part of the MSF is a sub-vertical continuous barrier that obstructs younger meteoric water observed in the south-eastern part of the Active Fault Survey Tunnel (AFST) and water recharge to the rock mass intersected by the north-western part of the AFST. The MSF might be a continuous barrier resulting in the storage of a large quantity of older groundwater to the northwest. The observations and results of in situ hydraulic tests indicate that the major reservoir is not the fault breccia associated with the northeast,southwest trending faults of the MSF, but the zone in which blocks of fractured rocks occur beside high angle faults corresponding to X shears whose tectonic stress field coincides with the present regional stress field and antithetic Riedel shears of the MSF. The results from borehole investigations in the AFST indicate that secondary porosity is developed in the major reservoir due to the destruction of filling minerals and fracture development beside these shears. The increase in hydraulic conductivity is not directly related to increased density of fractures around the MSF. Development of secondary porosity could cause the increase in hydraulic conductivity around the MSF. Our results suggest that minor conduits of the fracture network are sporadically distributed in the sedimentary rocks around the MSF in the AFST. [source]

The Tangled Webs of Westminster and Whitehall: The Discourse, Strategy and Practice of Networking Within the British Core Executive

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, Issue 1 2000
Colin Hay
In this paper we identify and seek to resolve a certain paradox in the existing litera-ture on networks and networking. Whilst earlier policy network perspectives have tended to emphasize the structural character of networks as durable, dense and relatively static organization forms, the more recent strategic network literature emphasizes the flexible, adaptive and dynamic quality of networking as a social and political practice. However, neither perspective has yet developed a theory of network formation, evolution, transformation and termination. In this paper, we seek to rectify this omission, advancing a ,strategic relational' theory of network dynamics based on a rethinking of the concept of network itself. We illustrate this perspective with respect to the policy process centred in and around Westminster and Whitehall, drawing on a series of semi-structured interviews with ministers and officials from four departments. [source]

Distribution of benthic communities in the fjord-like Bathurst Channel ecosystem, south-western Tasmania, a globally anomalous estuarine protected area

AQUATIC CONSERVATION: MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS, Issue 4 2010
Neville S. Barrett
Abstract 1.Benthic assemblages in the fjord-like Bathurst Channel estuarine system, south-western Tasmania, vary over horizontal scales of 1,5,km and vertical scales of 1,10,m. Multivariate analysis indicated a total of eight major assemblages that characterize different sections and depths of the channel. 2.Because tannins in the low-salinity surface water layer block light, foliose algae reach 5,m depth in the marine western region but do not penetrate below 1,m in the east. By contrast, sessile invertebrates are most abundant below 5,m depth in the west and below 2,m in the east. Deeper assemblages are unlikely to be continuous with assemblages in deeper waters off the Tasmanian coast as they are highly constrained by depth within particular sections of the estuary. 3.While the species composition of the Bathurst Channel biota is most similar to that found elsewhere in Tasmania, the structural character of the biota in terms of major taxonomic groups is more closely allied to that found in fjords of south-western Chile and south-western New Zealand. These three regions all possess wilderness settings, high rainfall that is channelled through estuaries as a low-salinity surface layer, deep-water emergence of fauna, rapid change in biotic communities over short horizontal and vertical distances, and high levels of local endemism. They also include some of the most threatened aquatic ecosystems on earth due to increasing human activity from a near pristine base, and the potentially catastrophic impacts of climate change. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Translating Local Knowledge at Organizational Peripheries,

BRITISH JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT, Issue S1 2004
Dvora Yanow
This article theorizes about the kinds of knowing present in organizations that share both a structural similarity in the organization of work and work practices , a ,double periphery' in which a community of practitioners acts across both a horizontal, geographic periphery and a vertical, hierarchical periphery , and a common mode of practice , translating across these peripheral borders. In principle, these workers develop knowledge in interaction with clients and customers that could be valuable to the organization, were it but to learn from them. Instead, the ,local knowledge' they learn in acting across these peripheries is discounted, if not disparaged, by more centrally-located managers and executives. The article theorizes about the nature of translating local knowledge concerning organizational practices and about the structural character of local versus ,expert' knowledge. [source]

Hyoid apparatus and pharynx in the lion (Panthera leo), jaguar (Panthera onca), tiger (Panthera tigris), cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) and domestic cat (Felis silvestris f. catus)

JOURNAL OF ANATOMY, Issue 3 2002
G. E. Weissengruber
Abstract Structures of the hyoid apparatus, the pharynx and their topographical positions in the lion, tiger, jaguar, cheetah and domestic cat were described in order to determine morphological differences between species or subfamilies of the Felidae. In the lion, tiger and jaguar (species of the subfamily Pantherinae) the Epihyoideum is an elastic ligament lying between the lateral pharyngeal muscles and the Musculus (M.) thyroglossus rather than a bony element like in the cheetah or the domestic cat. The M. thyroglossus was only present in the species of the Pantherinae studied. In the lion and the jaguar the Thyrohyoideum and the thyroid cartilage are connected by an elastic ligament, whereas in the tiger there is a synovial articulation. In adult individuals of the lion, tiger and jaguar the ventral end of the tympanohyal cartilage is rotated and therefore the ventral end of the attached Stylohyoideum lies caudal to the Tympanohyoideum and the cranial base. In newborn jaguars the Apparatus hyoideus shows a similar topographical position as in adult cheetahs or domestic cats. In adult Pantherinae, the Basihyoideum and the attached larynx occupy a descended position: they are situated near the cranial thoracic aperture, the pharyngeal wall and the soft palate are caudally elongated accordingly. In the Pantherinae examined the caudal end of the soft palate lies dorsal to the glottis. Differences in these morphological features between the subfamilies of the Felidae have an influence on specific structural characters of their vocalizations. [source]

3D-QSAR Studies on C24-Monoalkylated Vitamin D3 26,23-Lactones and their C2, -Modified Derivatives with Inhibitory Activity to Vitamin D Receptor

MOLECULAR INFORMATICS, Issue 8-9 2010
Jinhu Wang
Abstract The ligand-based three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) for 82 inhibitors of 25-dehydro-1, -hydroxyvitamin D3 -26,23-lactone analogs has been studied by using comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) models. The established CoMFA model in training set gives a cross-validated q2 value of 0.516 and a non-cross-validated rncv2 value of 0.667, while the CoMSIA model results in q2=0.517 and rncv2=0.632. In general, the predictive ability of the CoMFA model is superior to that of the CoMSIA model, with rpred2=0.639 for the CoMFA and rpred2=0.619 for the CoMSIA model. Based on the CoMFA contour maps, some key structural characters of vitamin D3 analogs responsible for inhibitory activity are identified, and some new C2, -modified 24-alkylvitamin D3 lactone analogs with high predicted pIC50 values are designed. The ligand functional group mutations by FEP simulation and docking studies reveal the rationality of the molecular design. [source]